Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Brazilian Ministry of Health (STD and Aids Program) invited specialists to make up an informative guide to deal with HTLV patients. Among the different topics, the neurological aspects associated to HTLV were contemplated. A suspected case should include changes in force and reflexes, distal paresthesiae and autonomic dysfunction. The investigation of such case should be based on the syndrome shown by the patient. For patients with spinal cord syndrome, magnetic resonance imaging or myelography as well as spinal fluid studies should be carried out. For patients with neuropathic or myopathic syndrome, electroneuromyography and CPK dosing should be done, and for those with autonomic syndrome, a search for postural hypotension, ultrasonography of urinary tract and urodynamic studies should be requested. The treatment may be symptomatic (spasticity, neurogenic bladder, intestinal constipation and neuropathic pain) and specific to be carried out in specialized centers.
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PMID:[Guide of clinical management of HTLV patient: neurological aspects]. 1605 17

Factors affecting the eligibility and acceptability of voluntary counselling and rapid HIV testing (VCT) were examined among pregnant women presenting in labour in Pune, India. Of the 6702 total women appearing at the delivery room from April 2001 to March 2002, 4638 (69%) were admitted for normal delivery. The remaining women presented with obstetrical complications, delivered immediately or were detected to be in false labour. Overall, 2818 (61%) of the admitted women had been previously tested for HIV during their pregnancy. If previously seen in the hospital's affiliated antenatal clinic, the likelihood of being previously tested was 89%, in contrast to 27% of women having prenatal care elsewhere. Of the admitted women, 3436 (74.3%) were assessed for their eligibility for rapid HIV VCT in the delivery room. Only 1322 (38%) of these women were found to be in early labour and without severe pain or complications, and therefore eligible for rapid HIV screening in the delivery room (DR). Of those 1322 eligible women, only 582 (44%) consented and were tested for HIV, of whom nine (1.6%) were found to be HIV-infected. Of the 1674 women arriving in the DR with no evidence of previous HIV testing, through this DR screening programme, we identified four women with HIV who could now benefit from treatment with ART. Given the high rates of HIV testing in the antenatal clinic at this site and the challenges inherent to conducting DR screening, alternatives such as post-partum testing should be considered to help reduce maternal to infant transmission in this population.
Int J STD AIDS 2005 Aug
PMID:Feasibility of voluntary counselling and testing services for HIV among pregnant women presenting in labour in Pune, India. 1610 90

The 'dynias' are a group of chronic focal pain syndromes with a predilection for orocervical or urogenital regions. Only exceptionally do they involve both sites in the same patient. Here, we report a case of simultaneous occurrence of dysaesthetic peno/scroto dynia and stomatodynia.
Int J STD AIDS 2005 Dec
PMID:Simultaneous occurrence of dysaesthetic peno/scroto-dynia and stomatodynia. 1633 70

Accurate pain assessment is the foundation for effective pain management in children. At present, there is no clear consensus regarding the age at which young children are able to appropriately use self-report scales for pain. This study examined young children's ability to use the Faces Pain Scale-Revised; (FPS-R; [Hicks CL, von Baeyer CL, Spafford PA, van Korlaar I, Goodenough B. The Faces Pain Scale-Revised: toward a common metric in pediatric pain measurement. Pain 2001; 93: 173-83]) for pain in response to vignettes and investigated the role of developmental factors in predicting their ability to use the scale. One hundred and twelve healthy children (3-6 years old) were assessed for their ability to accurately use a common faces scale to rate pain in hypothetical vignettes depicting pain scenarios common in childhood. Accuracy was determined by considering whether children's judgements of pain severity matched the pain severity depicted in the various vignettes. Children were also administered measures of numerical reasoning, language, and overall cognitive development. Results indicated that 5- and 6-year-old children were significantly more accurate in their use of the FPS-R in response to the vignettes than 4-year-old children, who in turn were significantly more accurate than 3-year-old children. However, over half of the 6-year-olds demonstrated difficulties using the FPS-R in response to the vignettes. Child age was the only significant predictor of children's ability to use the scale in response to the vignettes. Thus, a substantial number of young children experienced difficulties using the FPS-R when rating pain in hypothetical vignettes, although the ability to use the scale did improve with age.
Pain 2006 Jan
PMID:The role of developmental factors in predicting young children's use of a self-report scale for pain. 1684 17

We investigated the involvement of the protein kinase B/Akt (PKB/Akt) signaling pathway in the mechanical hypersensitivity induced in rats by capsaicin. Intradermal injection of capsaicin results in activation of PKB/Akt in the lumbar spinal cord, most prominently in the dorsal horn, starting by 5 min after capsaicin injection and lasting at least 1h. The activated PKB/Akt in the spinal cord is in neurons, since phospho-PKB/Akt (p-PKB/Akt) colocalizes with the neuronal marker, neuronal-specific nuclear protein (NeuN). The mechanical hypersensitivity is shown by the enhanced paw withdrawal frequency to applications of von Frey filaments with different bending forces (30, 100, 200 mN) on the rat paw. Pre-treatment with several different PKB/Akt inhibitors, including SH-6, Akt inhibitor IV, and Akt inhibitor V, blocked the mechanical hypersensitivity induced by intradermal injection of capsaicin, a measure of spinal cord central sensitization. Two structurally unrelated phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K, upstream of PKB/Akt) inhibitors, Wortmannin and LY294002, also prevented the mechanical hypersensitivity induced by intradermal injection of capsaicin. Furthermore, post-treatment with the PI3K inhibitor, Wortmannin, or PKB/Akt inhibitors, such as NL-71-101, SH-6, Akt inhibitor IV, and inhibitor V significantly reduced the established mechanical hypersensitivity induced by capsaicin. The PKB/Akt signaling pathway in the spinal cord is therefore involved in pain hypersensitivity.
Pain 2006 Jan
PMID:Activation of protein kinase B/Akt signaling pathway contributes to mechanical hypersensitivity induced by capsaicin. 1636 Feb 65

Although distressing pain and other symptoms have been reported at all stages of HIV disease, studies have not taken account of the relative contribution of treatment side-effects and underlying disease. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of symptoms, their burden and the association with use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Three hundred and forty-seven gay men with HIV disease completed an online survey, reporting data on age, CD4, viral load, year of diagnosis, HAART use, and the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale Short Form (MSAS-SF).Those men currently receiving HAART (n=210, 56.6%) reported a higher number of symptoms than those without (14 versus 10.3, P=0.001). Fourteen physical symptoms were significantly more frequent among HAART users. Symptoms of psychological distress were the most common in both groups, ranging from 69.2% to 79.5%. Mean distress indices were higher for those on treatment with respect to both global (P=0.011) and physical (P=0.001) distress. In multivariate analysis, use of HAART was independently associated with number of physical symptoms (b=2.81, P=0.006), and physical distress score (b=2.45, P=0.017); both increasing with HAART use when controlling for age, year of diagnosis, CD4 and viral load. The high symptom prevalence, particularly psychological symptoms, is comparable with end-stage malignant and non-malignant diseases. Greater attention needs to be paid to the assessment and management of burdensome symptoms.
Int J STD AIDS 2006 Jun
PMID:Is antiretroviral therapy associated with symptom prevalence and burden? 1673 63

A 36-year-old man presented for an HIV test, which answered positive. He gave a six-week history of headache and fever. His syphilis serology was also positive with a Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) titre of 1:32, and positive Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) assay and fluorescent treponemal antibody (FTA). When he attended for treatment of the syphilis, he had developed severe pain in both lower limbs. Plain radiographs were normal. An isotope bone scan showed multiple areas of increased uptake, consistent with syphilitic periostitis. Some of these lesions were asymptomatic. He was treated with benzathine penicillin and his pain resolved. The bone scan had normalized after six months. We review the previous literature regarding syphilitic bone pain and periostitis. We discuss the importance of considering syphilis in the differential diagnosis of any sexually active adult presenting with bone pain, and highlight the usefulness of isotope bone scans in clarifying the clinical picture.
Int J STD AIDS 2006 Jun
PMID:Syphilitic periostitis in a newly diagnosed HIV-positive man. 1673 69

Our objective was to determine the optimal duration of treatment with imiquimod for external genital warts over 4, 8, 12 or 16 weeks. A total of 120 women with a history of genital warts for a median of 3-6 months and prior alternative treatments in 73% were evaluated for total clearance rates. There was no statistically significant difference in complete clearance rates after 16-week follow-up across treatment groups: four weeks (40.0%), eight weeks (48.4%), 12 weeks (39.3%) and 16 weeks (51.6%). Imiquimod was well tolerated, and in those treated for four weeks there was a lower incidence of local skin reactions such as erythema and erosion, and no incidences of pain. These preliminary results suggest that a four-week treatment course of imiquimod applied thrice weekly for women with external genital warts may provide a reasonable approach with comparable efficacy and compliance, and minimal adverse events, drug costs and clinic visits.
Int J STD AIDS 2006 Jul
PMID:An open-label phase II pilot study investigating the optimal duration of imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of external genital warts in women. 1682 73

The results from a telephone survey in 2001-02 of a probability sample of Australian households including 10,173 men aged 16-59 (response rate 69.4%) are used to assess the prevalence of circumcision across social groups in Australia and examine lifetime history of sexually transmissible infection (STI), sexual difficulties in the last year, sexual practices including masturbation, and sexual attitudes. More than half (59%) of the men were circumcised. Circumcision was less common among younger men (32% aged <20) and more common among the Australian born (69%). After correction for age, circumcision was unrelated to reporting STI, but appeared to protect against penile candidiasis. Circumcision was unrelated to most sexual difficulties, but circumcised men were less likely to report physical pain during intercourse or trouble keeping an erection; reasons for this are unknown. There were no significant differences in practices at last sexual encounter with a female partner or in masturbation alone. Circumcised men had somewhat more liberal sexual attitudes. Neonatal circumcision was routine in Australia until the 1970s. It appears not to be associated with significant protective or harmful sexual health outcomes. This study provides no evidence about the effects on sexual sensitivity.
Int J STD AIDS 2006 Aug
PMID:Circumcision in Australia: prevalence and effects on sexual health. 1732 71

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of selected pain intensity scales including the Faces Pain Scale Revised (FPS-R), Verbal Descriptor Scale (VDS), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and Iowa Pain Thermometer (IPT) with a cognitively impaired minority sample. A descriptive correlational design was used, and a convenience sample of 68 participants, admitted to acute care facilities in the South, with an average Mini Mental Status Exam score of 23 comprised the sample. Thirty-two percent of the participants were males, and 68% were females. The majority (74%) of the sample consisted of African-American participants with the exception that 16% were Hispanic and 10% were Asian. An overwhelming majority of participants were able to use all of the tools. Concurrent validity was supported with correlations ranging from 0.56 to 0.90. The lowest correlations were found between the FPS-R and the other scales, suggesting that the FPS-R may be measuring a broader construct incorporating pain. Test-retest reliability was supported with coefficients ranging from 0.77 to 0.89. In terms of pain scale preference, the Numeric Rating Scale (33%) was the preferred scale in the cognitively intact group and the FPS-R (54%) was the preferred scale in the cognitively impaired group. When race and cognitive status were considered, African-Americans and Hispanics preferred the FPS-R. Severely, moderately, and mildly impaired participants also preferred the FPS-R. The findings of this study support the use of these scales with older cognitively impaired minority adults.
Pain Manag Nurs 2006 Sep
PMID:Evaluation of the Revised Faces Pain Scale, Verbal Descriptor Scale, Numeric Rating Scale, and Iowa Pain Thermometer in older minority adults. 1693 17


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