Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
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A survey was conducted in Swaziland between July 6 and September 28, 1973 to obtain information about sexually transmitted diseases. The survey sample was limited to the outpatient department of the government hospital at Mbabane. Patients included were those who reported at the outpatient department with an STD during the 3 month period of the survey and those of their contacts who could be pursuaded to attend and were found to be infected. Of 240 patients seen during the course of the survey, 124 were suffering from presumed gonorrhea, 67 had genital sores, and 23 reported with both. A further 26 had positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) reactions and were assumed to have syphilis with or without some other STD. Of the 26 patients whose VDRL test was positive, 3 had lesions usually associated with primary syphlis and 3 had condylomate lata. The rest were cases of presumed latent syphilis presenting with another infection. With 1 exception cases of urethral discharge in men appeared to be due to gonorrhea. No cases of nonspecific urethritis were seen and the explanation of this is obscure. About 29% of the women and 4% of the men were infested with T. vaginalis. It was not possible to determine the prevalence of venereal diseases, but the evidence collected supported the local impression that these conditions were increasing. The need for a vigorous program of contact tracing is clear from the small proportion of female patients attending the clinic. Only 24% of those with a sexually transmitted disease and only 20% of those with a positive VDRL test were females, whereas in a survey undertaken by staff of the local public health unit in 1967, 54% of those with a positive Wassermann reaction were female. The large number of casual partners admitted by men in the 4 weeks before infection implies that this is a major source of infection. Recommendatons made for improving the situation include: offering education in the schools; developing a universal system for tracing contact for the whole country; and making a vigorous attempt to screen all pregnant women by means of the VDRL test.
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PMID:Some aspects of sexually transmitted disease in Swaziland. 103 69

100 first attenders at a clinic for sexually-transmitted diseases were interviewed using a semistructured schedule. 20 per cent. were regarded as probable psychiatric cases and a considerable amount of psychosocial morbidity was observed. Whilst the majority reported anxiety about their possible illness, in a quarter the anxiety and distress appeared to be of long standing, having arisen before the genital symptoms or risk of infection and being related to chronic social and psychological difficulties. There were no significant differences between those diagnosed as having or not having STD in such characteristics as psychological symptoms, mean psychiatric score, and delya in consulting. Whilst those without a sexually-transmitted infection were less likely to be female, and more likely to feel guilty, to have had a casual sexual partner, and not to complain of specific genital symptoms, there was no evidence to support the concept of a syndrome of 'venereophobia'.
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PMID:Psychological morbidity in a clinic for sexually transmitted disease. 117 25

Although recognition of homosexuals is often important, many doctors lack the necessary skill or experience, so to assist them a group of 5,302 men was surveyed using a computer-based data system and 9-1 per cent. were recorded as homosexual. Analysis showed a relatively high proportion of homosexuals among men with syphilis and gonorrhoea, and a low proportion among men with nonspecific genital infection (non-specific urethritis and proctitis) and other infections. All men with secondary syphilis were homosexual. A relatively high proportion of men born in Eire, Spain, and North America were homosexual and a relatively high proportion of men living in the West End of London were homosexual. While these findings will be of most value to those working in STD clinics in London they may also be helpful to those working elsewhere and in other disciplines.
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PMID:Some characteristics of homosexual men. 127 63


Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Mycobacterium malmoense type II bacteraemia contributing to death in a patient with AIDS. 128


Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Syphilis: new diagnostic directions. 128 15

A retrospective study was performed in a department of genitourinary medicine to determine the prevalence and clinical features of urethral and cervical infection with Neisseria meningitidis among patients being screened for sexually transmitted diseases. During the 28 month period of the study 11 isolates (from 10 patients) of N. meningitidis were identified from 5571 urethral cultures from homosexual men (0.2%). This compares with an isolation rate of 4.7% for N. gonorrhoeae; 1.2% samples screened for chlamydial antigen were positive. There were no isolates from 8992 urethral cultures from heterosexual men or 15,976 cervical cultures. Eight of the cases identified had features of urethritis at diagnosis; 6 were diagnosed initially as non-specific urethritis (NSU) and 2 as gonorrhoea on the basis of microscopy of a urethral smear. Eight of the 10 patients were treated with amoxycillin and/or a tetracycline, and all but one had a clinical and microbiological cure. In the study population the prevalence of N. meningitidis infection was low and restricted to homosexual men; however, it may be associated with symptoms.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Urethritis due to Neisseria meningitidis in a London genitourinary medicine clinic population. 128 17

Between January 1987 and January 1991, 168 known HIV-infected prisoners have been incarcerated in Dublin's Mountjoy prison. This figure constitutes 16.6% of the total HIV-infected population in the Republic of Ireland over the same period. One hundred and forty-one (84%) of these prisoners have attended the Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin. This group displayed considerable morbidity from HIV-related disease. Respiratory tract infection was the most frequent complication seen. Much additional morbidity was directly attributable to intravenous drug use. A survey of a representative group of inmates revealed that 64.7% were diagnosed HIV-positive in prison. The mean length of time spent incarcerated since the diagnosis of HIV infection was 38.9 months. Twenty-nine of 34 individuals who answered a questionnaire were imprisoned for drug-related crimes and 32 of 34 prisoners admitted to parenteral drug use within the prison. As the HIV epidemic unfolds in Dublin, increasing numbers of prisoners with symptomatic HIV disease will spend time incarcerated in Mountjoy prison. This will pose a considerable burden on prison and hospital medical services alike.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:The impact of HIV disease on an Irish prison population. 128 18

Over 19 weeks, 104 male patients attending a genitourinary medicine clinic with gonococcal urethritis were asked to complete a questionnaire detailing symptoms. Sixty-seven questionnaires were duly completed. The examining nurse documented signs. Ninety-one isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were serogrouped and auxotyped, 55 of these were from patients who had completed a questionnaire. Patients presented earlier if they had a past history of gonorrhoea (p = 0.02). The serogroup of N. gonorrhoeae did not influence the amount of discharge, the presence of meatal inflammation, dysuria or penile tip irritation or the delay in presentation after appearance of discharge. Auxotype AHU was not associated with asymptomatic gonorrhoea.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Gonorrhoea: signs, symptoms and serogroups. 128 19

The prevalence of urogenital infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis was examined in 100 non-pregnant women with cervicitis, and 100 healthy women, in San Salvador City, El Salvador. Pharmacia Chlamydia EIA test was used for the detection of chlamydial antigen in urethral and cervical specimens from all the women. Direct immunofluorescence was used for confirmative tests on the EIA positive and the negative gray zone samples. C. trachomatis antigen was detected in 28% of the women with cervicitis compared with 5% in the group of healthy women (P < 0.001). The cervicitis group were also screened for Neisseria gonorrhoeae which was isolated from 12% of them. One strain out of 12 was beta-lactamase producing (PPNG). Five per cent of the women with cervicitis had simultaneous C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Prevalence of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in El Salvador. II. Gynaecology outpatients. 128 20

A questionnaire on the treatment of anogenital warts was sent to 150 consultants in genitourinary medicine, 78 (52%) were returned completed. A wide range of treatments were used; podophyllin was the commonest first line treatment of multiple penile (60.3%), perianal (57.7%) and vulval (61.5%) warts. Cryotherapy was a popular choice for intrameatal warts (65.3%), small numbers of vulval warts (33.3%) and as second line therapy for penile (35.9%) and perianal (33.3%) warts. Vaginal warts were treated with podophyllin (39.7%) or cryotherapy (29.5%). Various combinations of podophyllin, trichloroacetic acid and cryotherapy were used (2.6%-24.3%) although there is no evidence this offers benefit over single therapy. Podophyllin is frequently used despite side effects, a poor clearance rate and in vaginal warts, difficult access. Initial therapy with more time-consuming procedures such as cryotherapy or electrocautery may be of benefit to selected patients.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Treatment of anogenital warts in genitourinary clinics in England and Wales. 128 22


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