Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incidence of anogenital warts (condyloma acuminatum) is rapidly increasing while there is still no totally satisfactory treatment available. In light of the emphasis of experimental approaches toward the prevention of viral replication and evidence of the antiviral action of lithium salts it was proposed to investigate the efficacy of Topical Lithium Succinate cream (LSC) in the treatment of anogenital warts. A total of 101 patients (42 women, 59 men) were randomized to receive either active or placebo treatment for a period of 4 weeks. Assessment of the number, location, size and area of coverage of the warts was made by the clinician at baseline, weeks 2, 4, 6 and 12. Compliance to the study protocol following cessation of treatment at week 4 was extremely poor. The high drop-out rate after this was felt to invalidate data collected after that point. It was therefore decided that the analysis should concentrate on the treatment period. Of 101 patients entering the trial 51 received active (30 male and 21 female) and 50 received placebo (29 male, 21 female). The primary efficacy variable was percentage change from baseline in the overall coverage of lesions. Over all patients LSC treatment resulted in a reduction of 42% (P<0.02) in the overall coverage of lesions. Separate analyses for male and female patients showed that for males there was a highly significant reduction in the coverage of lesions of 65% (P<0.02). However for females the reduction of 11% was not significant. A possible explanation for this difference between the sexes is that as many of the lesions in the female patients were internal therefore this could lead to difficulty in both application of the cream, and subsequent lesion assessment.
Int J STD AIDS 1997 Aug
PMID:A pilot study to investigate the treatment of anogenital warts with Topical Lithium Succinate cream (8% lithium succinate, 0.05% zinc sulphate). 925

The efficacy of a single cycle of a new therapy for genital warts, intradermal fluorouracil/epinephrine (5-FU/epi) injectable gel, has been evaluated in 2 large pivotal trials; the objective of this study was to evaluate a second cycle of treatment. Twenty-two patients with total wart areas of 5-447 mm2 were treated with up to 2 cycles of < or =6 treatments of 5-FU/epi gel. After the first cycle of treatments, patients with warts showing a partial response or no response or new warts were continued into a second cycle. Seventy-three per cent (16/22) of patients had complete responses. Patients with total wart areas < or = 100 mm2 tended to respond completely in the first cycle of treatment (average 4.7 treatments). Patients with numerous warts or large total wart areas (>100 mm2) required an average of 7.5 treatments to achieve a complete response. Thus, a second treatment cycle may be appropriate for difficult-to-treat patients with numerous warts or large total wart areas.
Int J STD AIDS 1997 Oct
PMID:Relationship of genital wart burden to therapeutic response to fluorouracil/epinephrine injectable gel. 931 Feb 24

The aim of this study was to assess which patients are referred from general practice, in order to target areas in which our service could be improved. An anonymous postal questionnaire was sent to 433 local general practitioners (GPs), 72.3% (313) of whom replied. The majority of GPs indicated that they would always send patients with a diagnosis of either gonorrhoea or syphilis to the department, while most would send less than 50% of patients with Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Viral infections (i.e. warts and herpes) were referred more frequently than chlamydia. Referral of trichomoniasis was uncommon, as was advice about contacts in all conditions except gonorrhoea and syphilis.
Int J STD AIDS 1998 Aug
PMID:Who do we see? A study of GP referral patterns. 987 34

Our aim was to determine country-specific attitudes and perceptions of patients with genital warts and to understand the psychosexual impact of the disease and its treatment. We used a standardized discussion guide to interview patients with genital warts in Canada, France, Germany, the UK, and the USA about their perceptions and concerns regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and psychosexual impact of the disease. Interviews were conducted in person and lasted approximately 30 min. The study group included 80 men and 86 women with genital warts. Forty-seven per cent were currently undergoing treatment. Overall, 49% of the men had first consulted a general or family practitioner, and 52% of the women had first consulted a gynaecologist. Although all the patients eventually consulted a physician about their warts, one-third delayed seeing a doctor because they thought the condition would resolve on its own or that the problem was not serious. Most patients reported that treatment was associated with pain, discomfort, and embarrassment. Sixty per cent of patients experienced a recurrence after initial clearance with treatment. More than 80% stated that they had had little or no involvement in the selection of treatment. Globally, 52% of men and 61% of women were 'quite concerned' or 'very concerned' about having genital warts, although there were significant variations by country. Approximately two-thirds of patients had made lifestyle changes regarding sexual relationships. In addition, two-thirds believed that there were risks associated with having genital warts; the most common risk identified was a link to cancer (cervical and unspecified). A high level of anxiety is associated with the diagnosis and treatment of genital warts. Patients with genital warts require understanding and an acknowledgement of their concerns. A better understanding of the psychosexual aspect of the disease by health-care providers is pivotal to effective disease management and patient counselling.
Int J STD AIDS 1998 Oct
PMID:An international survey of patients with genital warts: perceptions regarding treatment and impact on lifestyle. 981 6

This placebo-controlled, double-blind study was aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of human leukocyte interferon-alpha (2 x 10(6) IU/g) incorporated in a hydrophilic gel (hydroxyethylcellulose, 1%) to cure intravaginal warts in women. Preselected, subjects (n=60) who ranged between 18 and 50 years of age (mean 23.7), harbouring 275 vaginal warts (mean 4.6) with clinical, histopathological and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed diagnosis of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections were randomly divided into 2 parallel groups. A precoded tube (45 g), active or placebo, with disposable applicators and instructions was given to each patient for one week's usage. Patients were demonstrated how to inject 4 g of the trial medication deep into the vagina 2 times daily for 5 consecutive days per week. During the 4-week treatment period, patients were examined on a weekly basis. Cure was defined as absence of clinical signs of infection, as well as PCR and Southern blot hybridization confirmed negative HPV DNA on molecular assay. By the cessation of the therapy 41.7% patients and 44.4% intravaginal warts were cured. Code disclosure revealed that interferon-alpha (2 x 10(6) IU/g) in gel had cured 73.3% patients, and 79.3% intravaginal warts, while placebo healed 10% patients and 8.1% lesions (active gel versus placebo; P<0.0001). Fifty-one patients (85%) complained of no drug-related adverse reactions. Nine patients (15%) mostly in the interferon-alpha gel experienced non-objective, mild headache, tenderness, with transient increase in their body temperature (>38 degrees C). In conclusion, the findings showed that along with non-objective mild side effects, human leukocyte interferon-alpha (2 x 10(6) IU/g) in a hydrophilic gel is significantly more effective than placebo to cure intravaginal warts in women.
Int J STD AIDS 1998 Dec
PMID:Human leukocyte derived interferon-alpha in a hydrophilic gel for the treatment of intravaginal warts in women: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. 987 27

During the past decade, much has been learned about the natural history of HPV. Most infections occur early in one's sexual life. The overwhelming majority of infections are cleared by the host immune system and never present as warts or neoplasia. Certain patient behavior such as smoking, frequent sex with many different partners, other STD infections, especially HIV, and immune-suppressive drugs promote HPV expression and cause persistent infection. Persistent HPV infection is very strongly related to neoplasia. In addition to high-risk HPV types, variant subtypes have been identified that interact with the host immune system to subvert host immunity and encourage viral persistence. New treatment programs rely on drugs that modulate the immune system and disrupt viral persistence. There is a real possibility of HPV vaccines in the future, which may protect the unexposed patient.
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PMID:Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of human papillomavirus infections. 1037 Aug 42

With the licensing of the new drug Imiquimod cream 5% (Aldara 3M Health Care) for the treatment of anogenital warts and its inclusion into clinic guidelines, a case note review audit was performed of its use. The treatment of 52 patients was audited. Results showed that clinic guidelines were being followed and that patient outcomes in terms of clearance were at least as good as the quoted rates in the literature. Significant issues included firstly patient education-especially for those who had previously received ablative therapy. Secondly the length of time that therapy would be continued before a patient was deemed to be a non-responder to Imiquimod cream 5%, and if this was the case should the frequency of application be amended from the manufacturer's recommended regime of 3 times a week.
Int J STD AIDS 2000 Apr
PMID:An audit of patients who have received imiquimod cream 5% for the treatment of anogenital warts. 1077 94

The purpose of this placebo-controlled, double-blind study was to determine the safety, tolerability and clinical efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (1%) in a vaginal hydrophilic gel (hydroxyethylcellulose, 1%) to cure intravaginal papillomas in women. Pre-selected, 60 women ranging between 18 and 50 years of age (mean 24.6), having 312 vaginal condylomas (mean 5.2) joined the study. The diagnosis of human papillomavirus (HPV) was established with clinical, histopathological and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Subjects were randomized into 2 parallel groups. Each patient was allocated a pre-coded tube 15 g (active or placebo) with graduated vaginal applicators (disposable), and instructions how to insert 4 g of the trial medication deep into the vagina once at bedtime on every other day (1, 3 and 5) per week, to visit the clinic on day 7 for clinical evaluations and to receive the same pre-coded replacement to continue the regimen for another week. A maximum 12 applications were to be used in 4 weeks. Cure was defined as absence of clinical signs of infection, re-confirmed by PCR and Southern blot hybridization negative HPV DNA. By the end of the treatment 48.4% patients and 51.9% lesions were cured. Breaking the code revealed that 5-fluorouracil (1%) gel had cured 83.3% patients and 87% intravaginal warts. Placebo resolved 13.3% patients and 14% condylomas; (active gel versus placebo; P < 0.001). Twelve patients (20%) mostly in the active gel experienced mild erythema, erosion and oedema, with no drop-outs. Among cured patients 3 had a relapse after 16 months. In conclusion, the clinical results of the study demonstrate that 5-fluorouracil (1%) in a vaginal hydrophilic gel is safe, tolerable and significantly more effective than placebo to cure intravaginal warts in women.
Int J STD AIDS 2000 Jun
PMID:Management of intravaginal warts in women with 5-fluorouracil (1%) in vaginal hydrophilic gel: a placebo-controlled double-blind study. 1087 9

All patients, who presented at the Sexually Transmitted Disease clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, between the period of August 1996 and January 1998 were included in this study. They were examined for genital infections in order to determine the prevalence rate of Human papilloma virus genital infection (genital warts) among them. Out of the 1,373 patients seen in the clinic during the period, 861 (62.71%) had STD while the remaining 512 (37.29%) had other conditions. Out of these 861 cases, 69 (8.01%) had HPV genital infection, while the remaining 792 (91.9%) had other STDS. Of these 69 cases of genital warts, 35 (50.7%) were males while 34 (49.3%) were females. Their ages ranged between 17 and 74 years, with the peak incidence in the 20-29 years age group. 32 (46.4%) had concurrent genital infections with non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis 9(13%) constituting the most common type. The highest incidence (36.2%) of this condition was found among petty traders while the lowest was found among the business executives and applicants. In 67 (97%) of these patients, the nature of sexual intercourse was vaginal, while in 1 (1.5%) it was oral and another 1 (1.5%) both vaginal and oral. 26 (37.7%) of the patients had just one sexual partner, while 7 (8.1%) had 2 or more. Only 2 (2.9%) admitted to have had any sexual contact with commercial sex workers. The sites of warts in males include the shaft of the penis, the glans penis, perineum and intrameatum. In females, warts were found in the vulva, vagina, cervix, perineum and perianal regions. 42 (60.9%) of these patients were placed on 20% podophyllin on tincture of benzoin, 17 (24.6%) on cryotherapy and 1 (1.5%) on both. They all did well on the different treatment regimens except for 1 (1.5%) that had to change from podophyllin to cryotherapy when there was no reduction in size. 11 (15.9%) were however lost to follow up.
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PMID:Prevalence of human papilloma virus genital infections in sexually transmitted diseases clinic attendees in Ibadan. 1112 83

This dose-escalation study was performed to evaluate safety and efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of uncircumcised men with penile warts associated with the foreskin. The cream was applied 3 times/week (n=34) or once per day (n=30) over 8+/-2 h. Imiquimod 5% cream was safe in both treatment groups. However, the 3 times/week regimen was better tolerated with a lower incidence of local skin reactions. In both groups, the 2 most frequently reported local skin reactions were erythema and erosion; they were more severe with the once-daily dosing. The most frequently reported application site reactions were burning, pruritus and irritation or pain (once-daily patients only). Total clearance was achieved in 62% of the patients in the 3 times/week group and by 57% in the once-daily group. Thus, imiquimod 5% cream administered 3 times/week was the optimal dosing regimen in the treatment of penile warts in uncircumcised men.
Int J STD AIDS 2001 Jan
PMID:Safety and efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of penile genital warts in uncircumcised men when applied three times weekly or once per day. 1180 42


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