Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

With the use of a meatourethroscope, 18 patients with intrameatal and distal urethral warts were treated by Nd-Yag laser. Further treatment was carried out with cryotherapy using 140 CryoUnit as required. Sixteen patients were cured of their warts and remained wart-free over a 3-8 month period. Meatourethroscopy proved to be a simple, safe and effective way of treatment of intrameatal and distal urethral warts. It is also an outpatient-based and painless procedure that will complement the treatment of external anogenital warts to achieve complete cure.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Outpatient treatment of intrameatal warts in a genitourinary medicine department. 806 Oct 96

A total of 506 meatoscopic examinations showed this is a simple, safe, rapid, well-tolerated, useful procedure to assess the extent of warts at the meatus and in the distal urethra of men. The procedure was performed in 307 patients. Sixty-five (52.5%) of 124 men with meatal warts had additional urethral lesions not readily treatable. All proximal warts were confined to the fossa navicularis. Meatoscopy assisted in immediate rational planning of therapy. In assessing patients without meatal warts, lesions in the fossa navicularis were observed in 4 (6.7%) of 60 men with external penile warts, 4 (7.8%) of 51 men with a history of 3 previous episodes of urethritis, and in 8 (23.5%) of 34 men who had been in contact with warts. No relation was found between the distribution of warts, demographic details of patients, or duration of warts; the effect of previous urethritis on development of warts was unclear. It was concluded, following 199 repeated examinations, that the procedure was not associated with recurrence or proximal extension. Only 2 minor adverse events were recorded. Meatoscopy is recommended as part of the assessment of men with meatal warts and men who have been in contact with warts. The procedure should be considered in patients with external warts but no meatal warts, and in patients with a history of 3 previous episodes of urethritis over 3 years.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Meatoscopy: an important technique for assessing meatal warts in men. 814 22

In an attempt to assess the multifocal nature of anogenital HPV infection in men, skin biopsies, urethral swabs and urine specimens were obtained from 100 men with genital dermatoses. The specimens were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33 using the polymerase chain reaction and Southern blotting techniques. HPV DNA was detected in one or more specimens from 39 patients, that is 29 of 100 biopsy specimens, 21 (25%) of 85 urethral swab specimens and 6 (10%) of 59 urine specimens. HPV DNA was more common in men with at least 20 lifetime sexual partners and in those who gave a history of anogenital warts. Twelve (18%) of 66 biopsy specimens with no histological evidence of warty change or neoplasia had detectable HPV DNA. HPV DNA was detected no more frequently in the urethral and urine specimens from men with histological evidence of warts or neoplasia than from men without such changes. HPV types 6 and 11 were most common in biopsy specimens with histological changes of typical HPV infection. HPV type 16 was commonest in biopsy specimens with neoplasia and type 18 with other changes. Furthermore, 'high-risk' HPV types were found proportionately more often in urethral swab and urine specimens than in biopsy specimens. There was generally a poor correlation between the detection of HPV DNA at the different sites. A greater understanding of the role of HPV in the production of genital abnormalities is required in order to develop a rational approach to the management of these patients.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Human papillomavirus DNA in the urogenital tracts of men with genital dermatoses: evidence for multifocal infection. 839 54

A total of 377 women, consecutively selected as first attenders to a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Melbourne, Australia, were examined for overt Condylomata acuminata and were screened for genital HPV DNA types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and (35) using 2 dot blot hybridization methods. Overall, there was a 90% positivity correlation between the 2 methods with HPV DNA being detected in 12% of ectocervical samples. Overt warts were found in 15% of the women and HPV DNA was detected at the cervix in 35% with cytology predicting HPV with or without dysplasia in 27%. Thirteen percent had a past history of warts but none on examination and HPV DNA was evident in 16% while 18% had cytological features of HPV. Those with no warts evident and no past history of warts had both HPV DNA and cytological features of HPV in 7%.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Prevalence of HPV in a Melbourne female STD population: comparison of RNA and DNA probes in detecting HPV by dot blot hybridization. 839 55

The efficacy and safety of topical treatment for external condylomata acuminata with either self-applied 0.5% podophyllotoxin (PT) or hospital-applied 25% podophyllin (PODO) solution was compared in 138 males and 67 females in an open multicentre study. After one week of treatment, wart clearance was observed in 53% of males and 37% of females in the PT group as compared with 19% of males and 19% of females in the PODO group (P < 0.001 in males; P = 0.13 in females). At 5 weeks after commencing treatment, clearance of warts had been achieved in 86% males and 72% females in the PT group as compared with 78% of males and 62% females in the PODO group (P = 0.08 in males; P = 0.14 in females). Treatment had cleared 81% of 180 treated sites in all PT recipients as compared with 61% of 95 treated sites in all PODO recipients (P < 0.001). The increased speed of action of PT was associated with an increased incidence of symptoms and signs of inflammation at treatment sites in both males and females (P < 0.001). These were generally mild, did not interfere with continuing treatment, and were more frequent in those patients whose warts were eradicated most rapidly. Home-based treatment with 0.5% podophyllotoxin lotion in appropriately instructed patients of either sex is superior in efficacy to outpatient applied 25% podophyllin and has the potential to reduce the number of hospital attendances required in genital wart eradication.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:An open, comparative, study of the efficacy of 0.5% podophyllotoxin lotion and 25% podophyllotoxin solution in the treatment of condylomata acuminata in males and females. 839 97

An audit of the treatment of patients (100 men and 90 women) presenting with a first episode of anogenital warts to the Genitourinary Medicine Department at Leeds General Infirmary was performed. Treatment of patients was monitored for a period of 6 months from the time of presentation. The management of patients with genital warts lacked a clearly defined strategy and treatment was unselective and poorly monitored. Excluding patients who defaulted, at follow-up 44 (44%) men and 36 (38%) women still had genital warts at 3 months. Of those patients clear of warts at 3 months, the mean time to remission for men and women was 7.1 and 8.3 weeks respectively. Podophyllin 25% in tincture of benzoin was by far the predominant therapeutic modality used. A total of 96 (96%) men and 76 (84%) women received treatment with podophyllin. Both male and female patients had a mean of 5 treatments with podophyllin 25% (range 1-19 and 1-12 respectively). Physical methods of treatment i.e. cryotherapy and electrocautery, were underutilized, both as primary therapies and when topical agents had failed. Patients saw an average of 3 (range 1-7) doctors over the course of their treatment. Patients with warts affecting 2 or more sites, male patients with anal/perianal warts, and female patients with cervical and vaginal warts had higher failure rates from treatment at 3 months. On the basis of these findings, specific treatment protocols for the management of anogenital warts have been devised.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:An audit of treatment of genital warts: opening the feedback loop. 839 4

An autoimplantation technique was adopted in the treatment of 50 cases of anogenital warts and was compared with the conventionally used podophyllin regimen in a matched group of 50 patients. They were assessed with 15 untreated subjects in a control group for the rate of clinical cure after 6 weeks, recurrence after 1 year follow up and for humoral and cell mediated immune responses before and after treatment. In the podophyllin group, 70% of patients were cured after 6 weeks while in autoimplantation, only 44% of patients were cured, and none in the control group had natural remission of warts without any treatment. After 1 year all the cured cases (100%) that completed follow up had recurrence of warts with podophyllin treatment, while none had recurrence of lesions in the autoimplantation group. Results of the humoral and cell mediated immune (CMI) response studies revealed that autoimplantation technique significantly augmented both humoral and CMI responses while there was not significant change in the immune status after podophyllin treatment (P > 0.001).
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Autoimplantation technique in the treatment of anogenital warts: a clinico-immunological study. 865 14

Efficacy of chemical and/or surgical treatment for penile and anal condylomata acuminata was investigated in two retrospective studies of hetero- and homosexual men. Variation in clinical features and symptomatology as well as the reliability of diagnostic criteria by different methods for acetowhite penile lesions was also studied. Furthermore, the antibody response in the course of penile wart disease as well as in asymptomatic genitoanal papillomavirus infection (GPVI) was analysed. In the first retrospective study, as much as 23% of patients still had condylomas after one year of chemical and/or surgical treatment. On the other hand, 38% were cured after a single treatment session. In the group mainly with anal warts, concurrent penile warts were significantly more common among heterosexual men compared to homosexual men (p < 0.001), while intra-anal wart growth was more common among the homosexual males (p < 0.001). When comparing diagnostic methods for subclinical penile HPV infection, conventional histopathology appeared to be the most valuable diagnostic aid to penoscopy, while the additional use of Southern blot, in situ hybridisation and PCR assays for HPV DNA detection did not increase the predictive value of GPVI. We also describe a new distinct clinical entity, HPV-associated balanoposthitis, comprising a wide range of often long-lasting symptoms, such as itching, burning and dyspareunia. A significant increase in the IgG antibody response against defined epitopes in the L1 and L2 capsid proteins of HPV 6, was found among men with previous condylomata. By following a cohort of STD clinic patients with multiple brush samples from the genitoanal region as well as serum samples taken at several consecutive clinical visits, we identified 16 patients who had seroconverted to HPV seropositivity during follow-up. Antibody responses to several HPV-derived peptide and protein antigens were induced at the same time. Seroconversions were usually seen concomitantly with HPV acquisition or at the visit after HPV DNA was first detected. The HPV antibody response was frequently transient and declined or disappeared after clearance of infection. The antibody responses were induced by several different HPV types, indicating limited type-specificity. The most type-restricted response was against HPV 16 capsids, where seroconversions to continuous seropositivity were induced by infection with HPV 16.
 ...
PMID:Clinical and serological manifestations of genital human papillomavirus infection. 872 19

An initial audit of the treatment of patients presenting to the GUM Department at Leeds General Infirmary with a first episode of anogenital warts was reported in 1993. Treatment was found to be unselective and poorly monitored and the results of treatment were disappointing. As a consequence, guidelines for the management of new patients presenting with genital warts were devised. In order to establish whether these guidelines had produced any improvements in outcome, a second audit was performed looking at the results of treatment in patients with new genital warts who attended 6 months or more after the new guidelines were introduced. Progress was documented for 6 months after presentation. There was a significant fall in the numbers of patients receiving podophyllin 25% solution as first-line treatment, and corresponding increases in the initial use of cryotherapy, trichloracetic acid and, in men, podophyllotoxin solution. (Podophyllotoxin was not licensed for use in women at the time of the second audit.) There were significant improvements in the outcome of treatment. Originally 44% of men had warts despite receiving treatment for 3 months, and 32% were still attending for treatment 6 months after presentation. After the introduction of treatment guidelines, these figures had fallen to 8% and 3% respectively. In the first audit 38% of women still had warts after 3 months' treatment but in the second audit this figure was reduced to 18%. At 6 months, the percentage of women still attending for treatment was halved from 12% in the first audit to 6% in the second audit. The mean number of clinic visits fell from 5 to 3 in men and from 9 to 6 in women. The treatment protocols have been modified and now include the use of podophyllotoxin cream and solution in both men and women.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Audits of the treatment of genital warts: closing the feedback loop. 889 24

The incidence of anogenital warts in prepubertal children is increasing. Modes of transmission of human papillomavirus to the anogenital area include perinatal, autoinoculation and heteroinoculation, sexual abuse and possibly indirect transmission via fomites. It was previously thought that childhood sexual abuse was the most common mode of transmission and human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 were most often detected. More recent studies, however, would suggest that perinatal infection and autoinoculation or heteroinoculation may be much more prevalent than originally thought. It has been increasingly reported that human papillomavirus type 2 is present in a significant proportion of cases. Assessment of children should be multidisciplinary and sexual abuse should be considered in every case. Treatment modalities, although similar to adult disease, are particularly dependent on individual factors. In view of the as yet unknown risk of subsequent anogenital neoplasia it is recommended that individuals should have regular follow-up on a long-term basis.
Int J STD AIDS 1997 Feb
PMID:Anogenital warts in prepubertal children: pathogenesis, HPV typing and management. 906 5


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