Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to assess which patients are referred from general practice, in order to target areas in which our service could be improved. An anonymous postal questionnaire was sent to 433 local general practitioners (GPs), 72.3% (313) of whom replied. The majority of GPs indicated that they would always send patients with a diagnosis of either gonorrhoea or syphilis to the department, while most would send less than 50% of patients with Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Viral infections (i.e. warts and herpes) were referred more frequently than chlamydia. Referral of trichomoniasis was uncommon, as was advice about contacts in all conditions except gonorrhoea and syphilis.
Int J STD AIDS 1998 Aug
PMID:Who do we see? A study of GP referral patterns. 987 34

Findings are reported from a study conducted to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, among female prostitutes working at truckstops in the KwaZulu-Natal midlands of South Africa. The 145 participating prostitutes were recruited from 5 truckstops along the major national road between Durban and Johannesburg from August 1996 to March 1997. Their mean age was 25 years and they had been prostitutes for an average of 3 years. A gynecologic examination was performed upon each woman, including a speculum examination, and investigations were also conducted to identify gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, candidiasis, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, and HIV infection. The examinations found that 50.3% of the women were HIV seropositive, 41.3% were infected with Trichomonas vaginalis, 40.6% had Candida albicans, 14.3% had Neisseria gonorrheae, 16.4% had Chlamydia trachomatis, 71% had bacterial vaginosis, and 42.1% had active syphilis. These findings point to the need for HIV/STD prevention interventions among both the prostitutes and their clients.
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PMID:Sexually transmitted infections among sex workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. 971 13

The decline of STD in the region of Rostock, Germany, since 1945 is explained by a decreasing incidence of gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis. On the other hand chlamydial and candidal infections have increased. The rate of chlamydia infections was about 45% in our venerological patients, as common as gonorrhea used to be. Genital candidal infections were to be found in 23%. Mycoplasmas were identified in 15%, usually combined with other pathogens except in some cases of vaginitis.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases in the catchment area of the Rostock University Dermatology Clinic after 1945]. 985 54

Gynecologic conditions associated with HIV infection were examined in 481 regular female sex partners of HIV-positive male blood donors enrolled in a study of heterosexual HIV transmission conducted at Chiang Mai University Hospital and Lampang Provincial Hospital in Thailand in 1992-96. Of these women, 224 (46.6%) were HIV-infected. HIV-positive and HIV-negative women were similar in terms of age, education, and age at first intercourse; however, a history of sexually transmitted disease was more common among the HIV-infected women (31.7%) than their uninfected counterparts (18.7%). HIV-infected women also were significantly more likely to have abnormal gynecologic conditions, including abnormal vaginal discharge at physical examination (odds ratio (OR), 2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.6-4.2) and cervical dysplasia (OR, 5.3; 95% CI, 2.0-15.2). Among HIV-positive women, the prevalence of abnormal vaginal discharge and bacterial vaginosis increased significantly with decreasing CD4 count. Syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis rates were generally low and did not differ by HIV status. These findings suggest a need for further research on variations in gynecologic conditions associated with HIV infection in different countries.
Int J STD AIDS 1998 Nov
PMID:Gynaecological conditions associated with HIV infection in women who are partners of HIV-positive Thai blood donors. 986 81

Trichomoniasis is a significant STD worldwide. Clinical studies have demonstrated that trichomoniasis may have serious side effects both in pregnancy and in a predisposition to retrovirus infection. Therefore it is important that clinicians request the most accurate diagnostic test available. This is mandated by the significant percentage of both male and female patients that may be asymptomatic. Numerous clinical studies have indicated that the most sensitive test for T. vaginalis is with culture. The InPouch TV culture test has demonstrated high sensitivity, long shelf life, and microscopic advantages over other culture procedures.
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PMID:Trichomoniasis: its clinical significance and diagnostic challenges. 1016 83

The pandemic impact of HIV has changed the clinical spectrum of STDs all over the world. The incidence and frequency of STDs in the different global geographic areas demonstrate the diagnostic and treatment capabilities of various local and national health systems and is simultaneously informing about the sexual behaviours of the population. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of curable STDs (herpes, chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, trichomoniasis) in a hospital-based STD clinic in Madrid, Spain during a 4-year period. Patients were referred mainly from the emergency department, gynecological wards, and family planning (61%) as well as from the HIV-hospital unit (31 beds) and outpatient department (39%). The total number of patients seen was 952 (243 men, 709 women) with an annual average of 238 patients per year. Of these, 139 (14.6%) were HIV-patients and 813 (85.4%) non-HIV patients. In non-HIV patients, STDs were identified in 493 cases (54.2%). In HIV-patients, STDs were diagnosed in 108 cases (77.7%; p < or = 0.001). Two or more STDs were more prevalent in HIV than non-HIV patients. The frequency of STDs in both HIV and non-HIV patients were vulvovaginal candidiasis, 47.8%:57.2%; syphilis, 11.7%:1.4% (p < or = 0.05); gonorrhea, 5.3%:3.9%; Gardnerella vaginosis, 6.3%:4.8%; genital chlamydia, 6.3%:9.06%; trichomoniasis, 17%:6.5% (p < or = 0.05); and genital herpes, 20.2%:5.3% (p < or = 0.05).
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PMID:Differences in curable STDs between HIV and non-HIV populations in Spain. 1037 65

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of trichomoniasis in Malawian men, to evaluate a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection assay for T. vaginalis in urethral swab samples, and to examine the effect of T. vaginalis infection on HIV excretion in the semen. There were 206 men with symptomatic urethritis in STD clinic and 127 asymptomatic men in the Dermatology Clinic who were enrolled from January to March 1996. Results, according to a wet-mount microscopy and urethral swabs culture combination, showed that, of 293 men, only 38 (13%) men were positive for T. vaginalis. The estimated prevalence among symptomatic and asymptomatic cases was 15.7% and 8.7%, respectively. The PCR yielded a sensitivity of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.66-0.92) and specificity of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91-0.97); these were compared to the wet-mount microscopy and culture combination. Overall HIV seroprevalence of men was 51%, because gonococcal urethritis was shown to significantly increase seminal HIV RNA levels. The median HIV RNA concentration in seminal plasma from men with symptomatic urethritis plus T. vaginalis infection was significantly higher than in seminal plasma from HIV-positive men with symptomatic urethritis only. Since this study has several important limitations, a randomized clinical trial would be useful for determining whether urethritis cure rates can be significantly improved.
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PMID:Trichomonas vaginalis as a cause of urethritis in Malawian men. 1045 31

This study reports on the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among pregnant women in Bangui, Central African Republic. A total of 481 pregnant women visiting the antenatal services of the 3 major governmental health centers were included in the study. All these women were interviewed and underwent gynecological examination, including laboratory diagnosis of trichomoniasis, candidiasis, gonorrhea, syphilis and bacterial vaginosis. The results revealed that 34% of the women were diagnosed with at least one STI. Gonorrhea accounted for 3.1%, chlamydiasis for 6.2%, trichomoniasis for 9.9%, syphilis for 6.7%, and HIV-1 for 12.2%. In addition, 29.1% of women were diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis and 46.6% with candidiasis. The majority of the women diagnosed with an STI reported specific clinical symptoms during the week before they entered into the study, but only a minority of them actively sought treatment, and only half of those consulted the formal health sector. Self-reported and health worker-recognized symptoms, signs and laboratory results manifested only low sensitivities, specificities, and positive predictive values in STI diagnosis. These results confirmed the high susceptibility of young African women to STIs. Therefore, specific control interventions should be carried out which incorporate affordable and user-friendly services.
Int J STD AIDS 1999 Sep
PMID:Sexually transmitted infections in young pregnant women in Bangui, Central African Republic. 1049 29

In developing and testing an operational model for the integration of reproductive tract infection/sexually transmitted disease (RTI/STD) management into existing family planning (FP) services in Indonesia, this study allowed for assessment of disease prevalence and evaluation of diagnostic methods for detection of endocervicitis caused by chlamydial infection and/or gonorrhoea. Data were collected over 28 weeks in 1997 at 2 FP clinics in the low-income harbour neighbourhood of North Jakarta. Among 486 consenting female FP clients, prevalence of chlamydial infection was 9.3%, gonorrhoea 1.2%, trichomoniasis 4.5% and syphilis 0.8%. Clinically observed abnormal vaginal discharge, cervical inflammation and vaginal lesions/ulcers were all associated with cervical infection (P<0.05), but insufficiently sensitive (<60%). Clinical diagnosis for cervical infection had 48.8% sensitivity, 75.4% specificity, but only 18.3% positive predictive value (PPV). On-site Gram stains for gonorrhoea were 83.3% sensitive and 94.5% specific, but had only 16.1% PPV. Presence of mucopurulent cervicitis was only 39.6% sensitive for cervical STD, with PPV of only 16.3%. Development of an affordable and accurate detection tool for chlamydial infection remains the main obstacle to effective RTI/STD management in this population.
Int J STD AIDS 2000 Mar
PMID:Detecting cervical infection among family planning clients: difficulties at the primary health-care level in Indonesia. 1072 43

Trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis (BV) and candidiasis are reproductive tract infections (RTIs) of the vagina. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 4 prenatal clinics in Kingston, Jamaica, to estimate the prevalence of these infections and the risk factors that may facilitate their transmission among pregnant women. Of the 269 women studied, 18.0% had culture-positive trichomoniasis, 44.1% had BV (Nugent score > or = 7) and 30.7% were positive for candidiasis by wet mount. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that having a malodorous discharge was associated with trichomoniasis (odd ratios [OR]=3.9, confidence intervals [CI]=1.04-14.7) and BV (OR=3.4, CI=1.3-8.7). Women who took action to prevent HIV infection had lower BV prevalence (OR=0.34, CI=0.12-0.98). Women who were employed were less likely to have any of the infections (OR=0.61, CI=0.36-1.03). The strong association of a symptomatic presentation with trichomoniasis and BV suggests the merit of considering syndromic management of vaginitis in this population.
Int J STD AIDS 2000 Aug
PMID:Vaginal infections in pregnant women in Jamaica: prevalence and risk factors. 1099 Mar 36


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