Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The emotional repercussion of STD remains very important. New present clinical aspects and new possibilities of diagnosis are pointed out. Concerning syphilis, the incubation period may be very long, cutaneo-mucous lesions of the secondary period very atypical . Concerning gonorrhea, the incubation period may be long (20 days); female or male asymptomatic forms are frequent: the existence of non-genital localizations is to be known. As to non-gonococcal infections, the frequence of Chlamydiae Tr. etiology is emphasized. Therefore an absolute priority must be given to the laboratory results which make the prescription of epidemiological treatment possible.
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PMID:[Present aspects of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) (author's transl)]. 58 Dec 91

A survey was conducted in Swaziland between July 6 and September 28, 1973 to obtain information about sexually transmitted diseases. The survey sample was limited to the outpatient department of the government hospital at Mbabane. Patients included were those who reported at the outpatient department with an STD during the 3 month period of the survey and those of their contacts who could be pursuaded to attend and were found to be infected. Of 240 patients seen during the course of the survey, 124 were suffering from presumed gonorrhea, 67 had genital sores, and 23 reported with both. A further 26 had positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) reactions and were assumed to have syphilis with or without some other STD. Of the 26 patients whose VDRL test was positive, 3 had lesions usually associated with primary syphlis and 3 had condylomate lata. The rest were cases of presumed latent syphilis presenting with another infection. With 1 exception cases of urethral discharge in men appeared to be due to gonorrhea. No cases of nonspecific urethritis were seen and the explanation of this is obscure. About 29% of the women and 4% of the men were infested with T. vaginalis. It was not possible to determine the prevalence of venereal diseases, but the evidence collected supported the local impression that these conditions were increasing. The need for a vigorous program of contact tracing is clear from the small proportion of female patients attending the clinic. Only 24% of those with a sexually transmitted disease and only 20% of those with a positive VDRL test were females, whereas in a survey undertaken by staff of the local public health unit in 1967, 54% of those with a positive Wassermann reaction were female. The large number of casual partners admitted by men in the 4 weeks before infection implies that this is a major source of infection. Recommendatons made for improving the situation include: offering education in the schools; developing a universal system for tracing contact for the whole country; and making a vigorous attempt to screen all pregnant women by means of the VDRL test.
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PMID:Some aspects of sexually transmitted disease in Swaziland. 103 69

Although recognition of homosexuals is often important, many doctors lack the necessary skill or experience, so to assist them a group of 5,302 men was surveyed using a computer-based data system and 9-1 per cent. were recorded as homosexual. Analysis showed a relatively high proportion of homosexuals among men with syphilis and gonorrhoea, and a low proportion among men with nonspecific genital infection (non-specific urethritis and proctitis) and other infections. All men with secondary syphilis were homosexual. A relatively high proportion of men born in Eire, Spain, and North America were homosexual and a relatively high proportion of men living in the West End of London were homosexual. While these findings will be of most value to those working in STD clinics in London they may also be helpful to those working elsewhere and in other disciplines.
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PMID:Some characteristics of homosexual men. 127 63

To identify the importance of heterosexual activity as a possible route for the transmission of the hepatitis C virus (HCV), a screening of antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) was performed in 200 sexually transmitted disease patients with different risks for incurring genital infections as well as in 100 registered prostitutes. Out of all 300 persons tested, 14 cases of HCV infection were detected. Anti-HCV was present in 3 of the prostitutes and in 11 of the STD patients. Evaluating known risk factors, such as intravenous drug use or blood transfusion, 6 out of the 11 STD patients and all of the prostitutes in whom anti-HCV was present were intravenous drug users and exhibited highly promiscuous behavior. Intravenous drug use was the probable means of acquisition in 9 of the 14 subjects in whom anti-HCV was present, and homosexual promiscuous behavior was assumed to be the means of acquisition in another 2 subjects. In heterosexual patients engaging in high-risk behavior (high number of sexual partners and genital infections), the exclusion of intravenous drug use decreased the prevalence of anti-HCV from 12.1% to 4.1%, demonstrating no significant increase from the prevalence among low-risk persons. Most of the patients were screened for STDs, such as syphilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), trichomoniasis, and yeast infections. The highest rate of coinfection with anti-HCV was found in patients with serologic evidence of an HIV infection (50%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Seroepidemiologic study of hepatitis C virus in sexually transmitted disease risk groups. 138 51

Serum samples taken at delivery from 27 syphilitic mothers in Mozambique, 16 with stillborn babies and 11 with healthy babies, were tested for the presence of IgM antibodies against T. pallidum by the solid-phase hemadsorption assay (SPHA). 14 of 16 serum samples from mothers with stillborn babies but only 1 of 11 samples from mothers with healthy babies were found positive by the SPHA test. Clinical signs indicative of syphilis are difficult to find in the Maputo area, as there were more than 40,000 annual births and only 5 obstetricians when the study was conducted. It is believed that the findings may indicate that those mothers who were serologically positive with the SPHA test had clinically active syphilis and that syphilis may have been the cause or a contributory factor in the death of 14 of the stillborn babies. The SPHA test was easy to perform and the authors recommend its adoption by laboratories with facilities to perform the TPHA test.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:IgM-antibodies against T. pallidum detected in sera from mothers of stillborn babies in Mozambique by the solid-phase haemadsorption assay (SPHA). 139 Oct 61

This study monitored HIV seroprevalence among STD clinic attenders as part of a sentinel surveillance program at the Elig Essono STD clinic in Yaounde, Cameroon, between February 1989 and December 1990. 1161 randomly selected patients were evaluated for HIV and syphilis seroprevalence. 26 of the 1161 patients (2.4%; CI 95%; 1.5%-3.3%) tested were found to be HIV positive (mostly due to HIV-1) and 35.4% had antibodies to Treponema pallidum. There was no association between HIV seropositivity and sex, marital status, or educational level. Genital ulcer disease did not correlate with HIV seroprevalence. However, patients with a positive serological test for T. pallidum were more likely to have HIV infection (rr = 2.4; 95% CI; 1.1-3.0). Results from 1990 were double those of 1989 (3.3% vs. 1.6% p = 0.02). Compared with the findings among the same groups in metropolitan areas of various other African countries, the HIV seroprevalence is still low. This could be the result of several factors, such as the recent introduction of the virus into the country, a different spectrum of STDs, and the high level of circumcision of males. HIV infection trends should continue to be monitored among risk groups such as STD patients and control programs implemented in order to reduce the rapid spread of AIDS across the country.
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PMID:HIV prevalence in patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Yaounde, (Cameroon) in 1989 and 1990: necessity of an STD control programme. 158 54

To evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis-B-virus (HBV)-markers in STD patients and the significance of promiscuous heterosexual activity as a risk factor for the transmission of HBV, a serological screening was performed in 499 patients, in addition to the routine STD diagnostic programme. Two groups of patients were evaluated: group 1 (120 patients) was drawn from the STD clinic of the Public Health Office (PHO), group 2 (379 patients) from a private STD outpatient clinic. Promiscuous activity was reported significantly more often by persons of group 1 than by those attending the private clinic (59.3% vs. 5.1%). The infection rate of gonorrhea, syphilis and Chlamydia trachomatis was high in patients of the PHO (46.7%, 35.3%, 27.5%) whereas most of the STDs were seldom ascertained in patients of the private clinic (1.1%, 0%, 5.6%). Similar to other STDs, the prevalence of HBV markers differed significantly between patients of the PHO and those of the private clinic (33.3% vs. 6.3%; p = .0000). Comparison of HBV and other STDs showed the highest coincidence of HBV markers in patients with serological evidence of syphilis (44.2%), and in one third of patients with Neisseria gonorrhoeae as well as HIV infection. The data obtained in the present study demonstrate that also in Austria, in addition to homosexual preference and drug abuse, promiscuous heterosexual activity must be considered a substantial risk factor for the transmission of HBV.
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PMID:Coincidence of hepatitis B-virus markers and other sexually transmitted diseases in different STD-risk groups. 161 Dec 11

In the US and northern Europe, the prevalence of pregnant syphilitic women is estimated at .1-.6%, while in South Africa it was 7.6% in 1982. In 1978, there 108 cases in the US which increased to 268 reported cases in 1985. The increase of congenital syphilis (CS) by 25% from 1985 to 1988 was attributed to the spread of crack cocaine in the US. The rate was 10.5 cases/100,000 live births in the US during this period, a 21% increase. In contrast, in the Netherlands there were 2.5 cases/100,000 live births during 1982-85. Clinical symptoms appear 3 weeks after birth, but some are present at birth such as hepatosplenomegaly, bloated abdomen, cutaneous lesions, and nasal discharge turning into purulent rhinitis. Anemia occurs in 90% of children with CS. Generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly with hepatomegaly, and syphilitic hepatitis may also occur. Syphilitic skeletal abnormalities include osteochondritis, periostitis, osteomyelitis, and osteitis. Meningovascular syphilis produces nervous system effects. CS complications include nephrotic syndrome and acute glomerulonephritis. Ocular abnormalities are caused by treponemes found in the cornea, sclera, uvea, retina and the optic nerve. Chorioretinitis and iridocyclitis are common ocular lesions. The pathogen Treponema pallidum can be diagnosed by dark field microscopy, by immunofluorescence, or by histopathological examination of silver-stained preparations. Pregnancy women with syphilis are treated with penicillin although failures have been reported after single or 2 or 3 in administrations of 2.4 MU benzathine penicillin and after giving tetracycline in 3rd trimester pregnancy. The CDC recommendation for treating infants with CS is iv 50,000 U/kg penicillin G every 8-12 hours for 10-14 days or im 50,000 U procaine penicillin once daily for 10-14 days. Single administration of 50,000 U/kg benzathine penicillin is recommended for newborn children whose mothers have been treated with erythromycin.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Congenital syphilis. 161 61

The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections were prospectively assessed in 356 heterosexuals with STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) and compared to a control group of 381 healthy first-time blood donors. Eighty-one of 356 STD patients were anti-HBC positive (22.8%) compared to 14/381 blood donors (3.8%; p less than 0.001). In addition, 18 of the 81 anti-HBC positive STD patients, but none of the controls, were positive for HBSAg (p = 0.06). The prevalence for anti-HCV was also significantly higher in the STD group than in the controls (5.3% vs. 0.5%; p less than 0.001). Among the various STDs syphilis (anti-HBC: 67.5%; anti-HCV: 12.5%) and Chlamydia trachomatis infections (anti-HBc: 20.2%, anti-HCV: 8.1%) had the highest prevalence for both infections. This study provides strong evidence of heterosexual transmission of hepatitis B and C virus infections. Thus, heterosexuals with STDs or multiple partners should be actively vaccinated against hepatitis B.
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PMID:Hepatitis B and C in heterosexual patients with various sexually transmitted diseases. 164 86

140 consecutive African, exclusively heterosexual, adult outpatients to the Clinique des Maladies Sexuellement Transmissibles, with genital ulcers or urethritis, were studied in order to determine the status for HIV1-infection and syphilis. Comparison with 194 age and sex matched subjects, without STD, were chosen as controls. In the "STD"'s population, the HIV1 seroprevalence was 17.8%, and anti-treponema antibodies were found in 30% of the cases. Patients with genital ulcer were associated with a higher HIV1 seroprevalence than patients with urethritis. The "STD"'s population in Bangui is at risk for HIV1-infection (risk ratio: 2.12), and constitutes probably a very sensitive group in Central Africa for the epidemiological survey to HIV infection, and for the estimation of the prevention against AIDS.
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PMID:[Seroprevalence of HIV-1 infections in patients consulting the clinic for sexually transmitted diseases in Bangui, Central African Republic]. 176 52


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