Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two appetite stimulants, megestrol acetate and cyproheptadine were administered in a randomized trial to 14 patients who had no evidence of opportunistic infection or malabsorption but were wasted (had lost more than 5 kg body weight) as a result of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Energy intakes were calculated from a 7 day weighed dietary record. Mean energy intakes per kilogramme body weight were similar in both treatment groups (greater than 34 kcal/kg) and were higher than that in well British males. Energy intakes increased by just over 500 kcal during both treatments, but fell to pretreatment levels after therapy. Patients in both treatment groups gained a moderate amount of weight. Megestrol acetate was associated with impotence in 4 patients. Insufficient calorie intake alone is not a common cause of wasting associated with HIV and the role of appetite stimulants is likely to be limited.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Megestrol acetate vs cyproheptadine in the treatment of weight loss associated with HIV infection. 150 60

The relationship of disseminated aspergillosis with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is unclear. In the initial case definition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed by the Centres for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, aspergillosis was included as an AIDS-defining opportunistic infection. In view of the primary relationship of aspergillosis with neutropenia rather than with lymphocyte depletion, as well as the lack of aspergillar infections among reported AIDS cases, aspergillosis was later deleted from the CDC case definition of AIDS. We describe a case of disseminated aspergillosis in a patient with AIDS, with an extensive literature review of the subject.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Disseminated aspergillosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 814 33

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the most frequent opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS, occurring in 80% and recurring in 50% of patients within 12 months of the first episode. Prophylaxis for PCP is recommended if the CD4+ cell count is < 200 x 10(6)/l or 20% of the total lymphocyte count, or after an episode of PCP. The most effective prophylactic agent currently is trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and should be the drug of choice but alternatives such as aerosol pentamidine are being increasingly used for patients who cannot tolerate this combination or other oral preparations. If aerosol pentamidine is used and administered via a Respigard II Marquest nebulizer, the dosage should be higher than the currently recommended monthly dosage of 300 mg.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:The role of aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis. 814 37

In India, physicians examined and screened 100 AIDS patients aged 12-55 admitted to Government General Hospital in Madras for opportunistic infections as part of a study to document the characteristics of AIDS patients in Tamil Nadu State. 58% were 21-30 years old. The male/female ratio was 2:1. 94% had acquired HIV via heterosexual intercourse. 81% of all patients had multiple sex partners and unprotected penetrative sex. Around 66% had more than one opportunistic infection. The most common opportunistic infection was tuberculosis (61%), especially pulmonary tuberculosis (46%), followed by oral candidiasis (41%), cryptosporidial diarrhea (16%), and fungal infection of the skin (16%). The tuberculosis in most AIDS patients was reactivation of previously acquired tuberculosis. All tuberculosis patients responded well to standard treatment. The most common organism causing opportunistic infections was Staphylococcus pyogenes. Obstacles to acquiring more information about characteristics of these AIDS patients included the taboo of talking about sex and limited laboratory facilities. Clinicians should consider HIV in the differential diagnosis and management of all persons with tuberculosis.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Spectrum of opportunistic infections among AIDS patients in Tamil Nadu, India. 884 6

This study set out to investigate whether plasma mannose-binding protein (MBP) deficiency caused by mutations in the MBP gene associates with pyogenic or opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients. Plasma samples were selected randomly from 131 HIV-infected patients followed prospectively for a period not exceeding 12 months or until death. Plasma MBP concentrations were measured by an ELISA and genotyping was determined by amplification of exon 1 of the MBP gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology, followed by restriction enzyme analysis and Southern blotting using sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Neither MBP concentration nor genotype was found to associate with disease progression or opportunistic infection rate. There was an unexpected increased bacterial infection rate in patients with MBP levels greater than 100 ng/ml and wild type genotype. Thus, MBP does not appear to play a role in HIV infection. MBP is an acute phase reactant and this may explain the higher levels in those with more frequent pyogenic infections.
Int J STD AIDS 1998 Nov
PMID:Mannose-binding protein in HIV-seropositive patients does not contribute to disease progression or bacterial infections. 986 82

This paper concerns the ophthalmic assessment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for a number of eye conditions and in particular cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. CMV has been the most common opportunistic infection associated with AIDS and the leading cause of blindness among AIDS patients. There have been early indications of a widespread fall in CMV prevalence internationally following the introduction of a new highly active antiretroviral triple (HAART) therapy. Our study sought to assess the position for Ireland. Our cohort was the entire population of stage IV AIDS patients attending the country's leading referral centre. The total number of patients examined was 167 and the period of examination was 1 May 1995 to 30 April 1997. HAART was introduced in March 1996, so the data permitted a 'before and after' comparison of various clinical findings. The incidence of new CMV cases was found to be 4 among the 102 patients examined in the first 12-month period and one among 107 patients examined in the second 12-month period. There were accompanying declines in HIV-related noninfectious retinal vasculopathy (HIVR), keratitis and other conditions. The findings are promising, but we argue that caution is needed in assessing long-term trends. In the paper we discuss a number of methodological issues in the collection and analysis of the clinical data and in the interpretation of results.
Int J STD AIDS 1999 Oct
PMID:Monitoring cytomegalovirus retinitis prevalence in an HIV-seropositive cohort: the assessment of improvements observed following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral triple therapy. 1058 31

Low levels of serum testosterone may have negative implications on morbidity in HIV-infected men. The purpose of this study was to determine demographic and clinical characteristics that predict low serum testosterone among men attending our HIV clinic. A cross-sectional study of 587 HIV-positive male patients who presented at the Louisiana State University HIV Outpatient (HOP) Clinic between August 1997 and January 1999 was conducted. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected and analysed. Of the 587 men studied, 119 (20.3%) had a serum testosterone level below 400 ng/dl. Significantly more men with low serum testosterone levels had a presence of opportunistic infection (especially HIV wasting syndrome, oesophageal candidiasis, or dementia), CD4+ cell counts below 200 cells/mm3, or were taking megestrol acetate. Early detection of low serum testosterone will allow for expedient testosterone supplementation therapy, which could improve morbidity and quality of life for HIV-infected men.
Int J STD AIDS 1999 Dec
PMID:Characteristics of HIV-infected men with low serum testosterone levels. 1063 65

We describe the clinical course of 2 HIV-positive patients in whom Mycoplasma fermentans was disseminated and persistent. We identified individuals in whom M. fermentans had been detected in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimen. Of this group a number had archival specimens of interest: liver and/or bone marrow, taken to investigate a systemic illness, and a few had M. fermentans positive tissues. Two patients, NC and DP, had recurrent episodes of lower respiratory tract infection and fever and both had been investigated by bronchoscopy on 4 occasions. M. fermentans was detected in specimens taken 18 and 27 months apart for NC and DP respectively, and in between, and repeatedly in respiratory tract tissues of DP. Granuloma were identified in the liver of NC that was M. fermentans positive but no further evidence of opportunistic infection was found during his illness. Both patients had M. fermentans positive bone marrow specimens. Assessment of the patients' records suggested that in one patient M. fermentans may have contributed to the respiratory disease and in the other to the systemic disease.
Int J STD AIDS 2000 Nov
PMID:Disseminated Mycoplasma fermentans in AIDS patients: several case reports. 1108 91

This article provides clinical profiles for HIV seropositive patients discovered at an STD clinic in Tirupati, India. Considering that sexual contact is the most common mode of transmission of HIV, researchers from the SV Medical College at Tirupati conducted a surveillance for HIV infection among patients attending an STD clinic. From January 1988 to April 1989, the researchers collected serum samples from 2320 patients. 11 people were found to be infected with HIV, 1 of whom exhibited the AIDS Related Complex (ARC). 9 out the HIV-infected patients were 20-30 year-old males categorized as heterosexually promiscuous; the remaining 2 seropositive patients were female prostitutes. The seropositivity rate among heterosexually promiscuous males was 0.58%, and 6.7% among female prostitutes (the total seropositivity rate was 0.47%). Among the HIV-infected patients, the most commonly associated STD was syphilis. 5 of the patients had syphilis alone, and 2 others had syphilis and another STD. One of the HIV-infected patients, a 50 year-old heterosexual male with a history of multiple partners, suffered from a nonhealing genital ulcer and inguinal buboes of 1 month duration. A biopsy of the genital ulcer revealed a pattern consistent with that of granuloma venereum. He also developed angular stomatitis which did not respond to B complex therapy. Furthermore, suffering from persistent lymphadenopathy, weight loss, slight thrombo-cytopenia, an opportunistic infection in the form of oral candidosis and persistent seropositivity for HIV antibodies, the patient was deemed to have the AIDS Related Complex. Tirupati's seropositivity rate of .47% was higher that noticed in other parts of the country, leading the authors call for a plan to investigate the problems of HIV-infected people.
 ...
PMID:Clinical profile of STD clinic patients seropositive for HIV antibodies. 1228 35

Our objective was to investigate the concentrations of IgA and IgG antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae in whole saliva and serum samples from HIV-infected patients and to compare them with the corresponding antibody values of healthy controls. A cross-sectional design was used. The test group consisted of 23 HIV-infected male individuals, aged 20-41 years old, free of any other systemic disease. Twenty healthy subjects aged 27-43 years old served as controls. Whole unstimulated saliva and blood were collected from all subjects. IgA concentrations in saliva and IgA and IgG concentrations in serum were measured by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Salivary antibody concentrations were calculated by reference to a pooled standard saliva obtained from 10 healthy males with high levels of anti-S. cerevisiae antibody activity. Total IgA and IgG concentrations were measured by nephelometry / tholocymetry assay. No significant difference was observed in salivary specific IgA and serum specific IgG levels to S. cerevisiae, while serum specific IgA were significantly lower in HIV infected patients compared to control group. Opportunistic infections due to S. cerevisiae, although rare, cannot be dismissed. This yeast can show a potential virulence in debilitated patients, therefore, further extensive investigation should be considered.
Int J STD AIDS 2003 Jul
PMID:Comparison of salivary IgA and systemic IgA and IgG antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae in HIV-infected subjects. 1286 25


1 2 3 4 Next >>