Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The objectives of this study were to assess the nature and effect of stigma on disclosure of diagnosis to sexual partners among those with problematic disease. Data from questionnaires and semistructured interviews were collected and analysed. Data regarding anxiety were also collected using a validated tool. Ethical approval was received from the Chelsea and Westminster Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust. Disclosure of diagnosis tended to occur in the context of established relationships. Herpes-related stigma was associated with non-disclosure of diagnosis to sexual partners. The point prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety in this sample was 32%. The use of suppressive medication did not affect anxiety scores. In conclusion, the reaction to a diagnosis of genital herpes is influenced by a socially constructed understanding and the decision to disclose or not is influenced by this. Stigma is a barrier to disclosure of genital herpes diagnosis. Management strategies aimed at encouraging disclosure to partners must address perceived stigma.
Int J STD AIDS 2007 Sep
PMID:Chronic genital herpes and disclosure.... The influence of stigma. 1778 99

Both herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) seroprevalence and the proportion of HSV-1 genital ulcers are increasing in industrialized countries. The consequences of these epidemiological changes, in pregnant women in France, for both the genital shedding of HSV and vertical transmission, have been poorly evaluated. The HSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalence and the rate of subclinical genital shedding of herpes close to delivery were evaluated in pregnant women, with no history of genital herpes, living in the East Paris suburban area. HSV-2 antibody prevalence of 26% was significantly associated with country of origin and was higher than that reported in 2002 in French women from the general population (18%). HSV-2 and HSV-1 genital reactivations were observed in 10% of HSV-2 seropositive and in 4% of HSV-1 seropositive and HSV-2 seronegative women, respectively. The high rates of HSV-2 seropositivity and subclinical herpes genital shedding observed in this study should be considered to promote a national survey in pregnant women to propose strategies to prevent the spread of HSV within the population and to the neonate.
Int J STD AIDS 2007 Sep
PMID:Unexpected high prevalence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 seropositivity and HSV genital shedding in pregnant women living in an East Paris suburban area. 1778

A national audit of the management of first episode genital herpes (GH) was undertaken by non-consultant career grade doctors working in genitourinary (GU) medicine clinics in the United Kingdom. In total, 1620 data collection forms were completed (794 men and 826 women). Virus culture is the main detection method (1150, 71%), although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) use is increasing (442, 28%). PCR was significantly associated (P<0.0001) with fewer negative isolates (29/442, 6.6%) compared with virus culture (174/1150, 15%). Herpes simplex virus type 1 was isolated in 552 cases (46%). For 243 cases (15%), there was no evidence of counselling about GH. A total of 1355 (84%) were screened for other sexually transmitted infections. Serological testing for syphilis was undertaken in 72%. GU medicine clinics are managing first episode GH as broadly outlined in the guidelines. Areas identified for improvement are to increase counselling/written information/testing for syphilis towards 100%.
Int J STD AIDS 2007 Oct
PMID:The management of first episode genital herpes in genitourinary medicine clinics: a national audit in 2006. 1794 52

Vulval adhesion is a rare but recognized local complication following genital herpes infection. We believe this is only the second reported case of successful resolution of vulval herpetic adhesion using topical potent corticosteroid as the primary early treatment.
Int J STD AIDS 2008 Jan
PMID:Vulval herpetic adhesion: a steroid success story. 1827 50

It is a commonly expressed expert view that stress is associated with frequent recurrences of genital herpes (GH) but the evidence for this is poor and it is often asserted that stress is the result of GH rather than any other cause. We have reviewed the recent literature on this topic, restricting evidence to only prospective studies. We have further combined and integrated this evidence with both human and animal work in the psychoneuroimmunological field to come up with suggestive evidence that recurrence rates of GH are indeed associated with antecedent chronic stress/depression, whatever might be the cause. We further discuss the psychoneuroimmunological underpinning of the systemic features of the recurrent GH prodrome. Recommendations about holistic management of recurrent GH that include both pharmacological and psychological therapies are given.
Int J STD AIDS 2008 Jun
PMID:Does chronic stress lead to increased rates of recurrences of genital herpes--a review of the psychoneuroimmunological evidence? 1859 70

The rate of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has soared in China. Yet, there is no universal consensus about the accuracy of the syndromic approach to STI management. This study aims to compare the syndromic approach with laboratory tests. A randomly selected sample of market vendors in eastern China (n = 4510) was recruited and assessed for the five most common STIs (Chlamydia trachomatis infection, gonorrhoea, genital herpes [herpes simplex type 2, HSV-2] syphilis and trichomoniasis [female only]). Symptom-based assessments made by physicians were compared with laboratory tests. Laboratory test results were used as the gold standard for the comparisons. The overall sensitivity of physician symptom-based assessment was about 10%; sensitivity was lower for males (1.6%) than for females (17.2%). The sensitivity of physician assessments for those who reported STI symptoms was relatively higher (36.7%) than for those who reported no symptoms (5.1%). More than half (54.37%) of the participants were diagnosed with STI of trichomoniasis. For the other four types of STIs, physicians correctly identified only <10% of the positive cases. The study detected a low sensitivity of STI diagnosis made by physicians in an Eastern city of China. The failure in the detection of asymptomatic patients remains one of the limitations of the syndromic approach.
Int J STD AIDS 2008 Jun
PMID:Syndromic and laboratory diagnosis of sexually transmitted infection: a comparative study in China. 1859 75

The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and to evaluate the relationship between HSV-2 infection and sociodemographic factors and the sexual practices of female sex workers (FSWs) in Kaiyuan city, Yunnan Province, China. This cross-sectional study involved 737 FSWs and was carried out from March to May 2006 with confidential interviews and laboratory tests for HSV-2 and other sexually transmitted infections (STI). HSV-2 was the most common STI (68%), followed by Chlamydia trachomatis (26%), Trichomonas vaginalis (11%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (8%) and syphilis (7%). Prevalence of HIV-1 was 10.3%. Adjusted odds ratios of HSV-2 seroprevalence were 2.6 (95% CI [confidence interval]: 1.30-5.38) for HIV-1 infection, 2.0 (95% CI: 1.33-3.16) for vaginal douching, 2.0 (95% CI: 0.45-0.86) for condom breaking or falling off during sexual intercourse with the client in the previous week, 1.8 (95% CI: 1.07-3.18) for > or =5 years of commercial sex work, 1.6 (95% CI: 1.08-2.33) for > or =5 clients in the previous week, 0.6 (95% CI: 0.45-0.86) for > or =9 years of education. This study identifies a very high prevalence of HSV-2 infections among FSWs in Yunnan Province, with only a few who reported a prior history of genital herpes. HSV-2 serological screening and suppressive therapy should be considered for study populations. Education on the importance of diagnosis, treatment and prevention may help control the spread of HSV-2 infection.
Int J STD AIDS 2008 Sep
PMID:Prevalence and predictors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among female sex workers in Yunnan Province, China. 1872 58

This study was undertaken to establish reliable factors in order to identify chlamydial cervicitis among suspicious patients. Between January and December 2007, 406 patients who were suspected to have cervicitis due to clinical symptoms, were tested with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), vaginal pH and Nugent score (NS) in our University hospital and related clinics. During the same period, 67 patients who were diagnosed as having other sexually transmitted diseases (Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis, Condyloma acuminatum and genital herpes) were also made to participate in this study. Eighty-nine women (22%) were positive for CT PCR. Bacterial vaginosis (BV)-positive women were tested positive for CT PCR (75/288), significantly higher than those without BV (6/66, P = 0.01). In addition, under 20-years old women were positive for CT PCR (24/57), significantly higher than those who were over 30 years old (16/113, P = 0.001). The proportion of patients with high NS (>7) in CT, NG and T. vaginalis cases were 75/89 (84.3%), 22/27 (81.5%) and 11/14 (78.6%), respectively. Whereas the high NS of the C. acuminatum and genital herpes groups were recorded at 7/14 (50%) and 4/12 (33.3%), respectively. Younger women with BV could be at a higher risk for STDs, especially for CT cervicitis.
Int J STD AIDS 2009 Feb
PMID:Can bacterial vaginosis help to find sexually transmitted diseases, especially chlamydial cervicitis? 1918 56

Genital herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. We established a web-based survey to determine risk for genital herpes and encourage people to attend for herpes simplex virus testing. A survey was established on the Australian Herpes Management Forum (AHMF) website, consisting of 16 demographic and sexual health-related questions. Each question carried a numerical risk-weighting based on epidemiological data; the higher the overall score, the greater the risk of herpes. To determine how representative our sample was in relation to age and sex, we compared our survey with Australian Census data. Between October 2006 and August 2007 there were 5572 responses, 4358 (92%) were Australian. Compared with the Australian population, the survey population had a higher proportion of individuals aged less than 34 years, and a lower population over 55. Six hundred and eighty-six (13.8%) were classified as low risk, 2558 (51.6%) as medium risk and 1710 (34.5%) as high risk of having acquired genital herpes. In total, 39% reported four or fewer, and 38% reported 10 or more, sex partners in their lifetime. A large number of individuals participated in this survey, confirming that the Internet is a useful tool for health promotion for genital herpes.
Int J STD AIDS 2009 Nov
PMID:Genital herpes: an Internet-based risk survey. 1979 47

Clinical diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) (GH) infection is insensitive and non-specific and requires laboratory confirmation. In this study we compared viral culture and the amplification of HSV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with respect to turnaround time and cost. We compared 182 swabs submitted to our laboratory between March and May 2005, which were tested using MRC-5 cell culture, with 168 genital swabs submitted during the same months in 2006, and were tested by PCR. We concluded that PCR testing in our laboratory has significantly improved the turnaround time, with 68.4% of tests having been reported in less than 24 hours. This in turn significantly improved the service provided for the diagnosis of genital herpes without additional costs.
Int J STD AIDS 2010 Apr
PMID:Comparison between turnaround time and cost of herpes simplex virus testing by cell culture and polymerase chain reaction from genital swabs. 2037 6


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