Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In England, clinical researchers enrolled 1056 women aged 13-56 years attending the genitourinary medicine clinic in Bristol during February-October 1994 in a study on the relationship between the menstrual cycle and the detection rate of Chlamydia trachomatis from the cervix. They conducted a routine speculum examination and an amplified enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to take a swab from the cervix and a swab from the urethra. The chlamydia incidence rate was 8.8% (93 women) at any site, 2.3% at both sites, 4.9% at the cervix alone, and 1.5% in the urethra alone. Sampling at the urethra increased the detection of C. trachomatis by 17%. 808 women had a regular menstrual cycle. C. trachomatis was more likely to be detected in women aged under 25 years than in those of older age groups (14% for age 15-19 and 12.2% for 2-24 vs. 3.6-8%; p 0.0001). Detection of C. trachomatis at the cervix had a significant association when weeks 1-2 were compared to weeks 3 and later (5.4% vs. 9.4%; p = 0.029) and when weeks 1-3 were compared to week 4 and later (6.2% vs. 10.8%; p = 0.023). It had a relative risk (RR) of 1.7. Detection of C. trachomatis at any site was also significant when weeks 1-3 were compared to weeks 4-5 (11.8% vs. 7.5%; p = 0.048) (RR = 1.6). Combined oral contraceptive (OC) use and the lack of a cervical ectropion (i.e., cervix turning outward) both had an independent association with the variation in detection of C. trachomatis with the menstrual cycle. Specifically, the elevated detection at the cervix occurred after the second week in OC users (14.2% vs. 6%; RR = 2.3; p = 0.008) and only after the third week in women without a cervical ectropion (9.3% vs. 3.5%; RR = 2.7; p = 0.004). Based on these findings, the authors recommend sampling the urethra in addition to the cervix to increase chlamydia detection and chlamydia screening for young women with no cervical ectropion who use OCs. They also recommend that screening for chlamydia be performed in the latter part of the menstrual cycle in OC users who do not have a cervical ectropion.
Int J STD AIDS 1997 Jan
PMID:Hormonal factors and the laboratory detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in women: implications for screening? 904 77

Recently, a number of medications approved for nondermatologic use have proved useful against dermatologic diseases. This article reviews the dermatologic uses and effects of deferasirox, bortezomib, dasatinib, and cyclosporine eye drops. Deferasirox--an oral iron chelator--could be an effective treatment against porphyria cutanea tarda, hemochromatosis, and pathogens such as mucor that thrive in iron rich environments. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor and multiple myeloma treatment, may be effective against nodular amyloid and has been effectively used against squamous cell carcinoma; although trials demonstrate it is ineffective against metastatic melanoma. Bortezomib has many cutaneous side effects including erythematous plaques or nodules, a generalized morbilliform erythema with ulcerations and fever, purpuric eruptions, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, Sweet's syndrome, and folliculitis. Dasatinib is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor active in vitro against most cell lines containing BCR-ABL mutations that confer resistance to imatinib. Dasatinib is likely to be effective against dermatofibroma sarcoma protuberans and cutaneous acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and has caused panniculitis. Cyclosporine 0.05% ocular emulsion (eye drops) are approved to treat dry eyes including dry eyes caused by collagen vascular disease. Cyclosporine eye drops might also have utility in treating eye pathology of ocular rosacea, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, graft versus host disease, herpes keratitis, chronic sarcoidosis of the conjunctiva, conjunctival manifestations of actinic prurigo, keratitis of keratitis-ichthyosis deafness (KID) syndrome, and lichen planus-related kerato-conjunctivitis. This article speculates that cyclosporine eye drops would also be useful for any disease causing ectropion or eclabion of the eye as well as toxic epidermal necrolysis-related eye pathology (in particular corneal scarring).
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PMID:A review of deferasirox, bortezomib, dasatinib, and cyclosporine eye drops: possible uses and known side effects in cutaneous medicine. 1737 1

Multiple modifications to the structure of curcumin have been investigated with an aim to improve its potency and biochemical properties. Previously, we have synthesized a series of curcumin analogs. In the present study, the anticancer effect of 2-pyridyl cyclohexanone, one of the curcumin analogs, on esophageal carcinoma Eca109 and EC9706 cell lines and its molecular mechanisms were investigated. 2-Pyridyl cyclohexanone inhibited the proliferation of Eca109 and EC9706 cells by inducing apoptosis as indicated by morphological changes, membrane phospholipid phosphatidylserine ectropion, caspase 3 activation, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Mechanistic studies indicated that 2-pyridyl cyclohexanone disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, disturbed the balance of the Bcl-2 family proteins, and triggered apoptosis via the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway. In 2-pyridine cyclohexanone-treated cells, the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3 were dose-dependently decreased and p38 and p-ERK signals were notably activated in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we found that the addition of S3I-201, a STAT3 inhibitor, led to a decreased expression level of Bcl-2 in Eca109 cells. The chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that STAT3 bound to the promoter of Bcl-2 in the Eca109 cells. Furthermore, the mutation of four STAT3 binding sites (-1733/-1723, -1627/-1617, -807/-797, and -134/-124) on the promote of Bcl-2 gene alone attenuated the transcriptional activation of STAT3. In addition, down-regulation of STAT3 resulted in less of transcriptional activity of STAT3 on Bcl-2 expression. These data provide a potential molecular mechanism of the apoptotic induction function of 2-pyridyl cyclohexanone, and emphasize its important roles as a therapeutic agent for esophageal squamous carcinoma.
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PMID:The Curcumin Analogs 2-Pyridyl Cyclohexanone Induce Apoptosis via Inhibition of the JAK2-STAT3 Pathway in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. 3018 59