Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serological diagnosis was examined for deep mycotic infections, especially candidiasis. Candida antigen and antibody researches were made by means of CAND-TEC (RAMCO Co., Ltd) and passive hemagglutination test (PHA) (Roche Co., Ltd), respectively, and simultaneous determinations were made of D-arabinitol, a fungal metabolite and (1----3)-beta-D-glucan, fungal parietal component. 1) For normal subjects, 1 of 173 cases (0.6%), 5 of 200 cases (2.5%) and 7 of 157 cases (4.5%) showed greater than or equal to 1:4, greater than or equal to 320 x and greater than or equal to 11 mumol/l for CAND-TEC, Candida antibody and D-arabinitol, respectively, and values above these were judged positive. 2) Of the 171 patients with pyrexia refractory to general antibiotic agents, who were treated at our Department and related institutions from November 1988 to March 1990, 41 with obvious Candida infections were CAND-TEC, Candida antibody, D-arabinitol and (1----3)-beta-D-glucan positive in 33 (80.5%), 21 (51.2%), 29 (70.7%) and 13 cases (56.6%), respectively. At least one item-positive patient was as high as 97.4%. On the other hand, in the group having no Candida infection at all, 1 of 57 cases on CAND-TEC (1.7%) and 10 of 55 cases on Candida antibody (18.2%) were positive, indicating significant differences from the surely Candida-infectious group. 3) Comparative examination of CAND-TEC and other testing methods revealed a correlation of CAND-TEC with D-arabinitol in cases showing 1:4 and 1:8 less than or equal to, but not other significant difference.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Studies of serological diagnosis for invasive candidiasis]. 140 76

Candida spp. is frequently detected from perioperative patients, especially from those requiring central venous catheter (CVC) management. CAND-TEC could detect the blood fungus infection easily and quickly. We analyzed 438 specimens from 57 patients requiring perioperative CVC management for more than three weeks, and investigated usefulness of CAND-TEC comparing with other serological methods. The dilution rate of CAND-TEC showed a positive correlation with amount of beta-D-glucan which was measured by Toxicolor test and Endotoxin-specific assay. It also showed a positive correlation with amount of D-arabinitol. When blood samples diluted more than four times were positive with CAND-TEC, the patients were considered to be infected, and accumulative infection rate was up to 84.2% three weeks after introduction of CVC management. CAND-TEC would be useful in detecting Candida infection compared with conventional methods, and the fungus infection was much more frequent incidence than ever expected. It is important to detect fungus infection early and respond immediately to avoid nosocomial infection.
 ...
PMID:[Early diagnosis and management against perioperative fungus infection]. 147 Jan 56

In 1987, data from the Centers for Disease Control AIDS data base indicated a 50% prevalence of oropharyngeal Candida infection, a 10% rate of esophageal infection, and .5% rate of bronchopulmonary infection among AIDS patients. Candida-positive blood cultures were found in 13 of 903 AIDS patients, and disseminated Candida infection was ascertained in 11 of 101 post mortem examinations of AIDS victims. 5 of 12 patients with oral Candida infection progressed to AIDS within a 42-week investigation as opposed to only 1 of 17 patients without Candida. In the former group, CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 ratios were also significantly lower. Most infections were caused by Candida albicans. Genital Candida occurs in 5-20% of women in reproductive age. In a study of 66 HIV-infected women Candida vaginitis preceded oral Candida infections which preceded Candida esophagitis. 33 women had vaginal infection, 25 had oral Candida, and 9 had esophageal infection with reduced CD4 counts. Infections of the oropharynx and the vagina are reduced CD4 counts. Infections of the oropharynx and the vagina are treated with amphotericin B, nystatin, miconazole, and clotrimazole. Systemically effective compounds include ketoconazole, itraconazole, and fluconazole, although interactions with rifampicin, phenobarbital, and phenytoin used in HIV treatment occur. Fluconazole is contraindicated in C. glabrata and C. krusei infections as it selects for azole-resistant Candida strains. Iv amphotericin B and fluconazole are used in serious infections when oral treatment is ineffective.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Candida infections in AIDS patients. 161 60

Chlamydia trachomatis can be identified in up to 60% of cases of nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) and the aetiology of most of the remainder is obscure. This paper reports a role for other genitourinary (GU) infections such as candidiasis, warts and herpes simplex, in the causation of NGU. One hundred and ten men fulfilled the entry criteria which included the probability that their contacts would attend the department. Fifty-four of the 110 men had GU infections other than NGU; 56 had no other infections. NGU was detected in 31 (57%) of cases with other GU infections and 8 (26%) were chlamydiae-positive: in contrast NGU was found in only 10 (18%) of those with none of the other infections and 3 (30%) were chlamydiae-positive. Chlamydiae-negative NGU was, therefore, more common in those with other GU infections. Forty-five (86%) of 52 contacts of 41 patients with NGU had various GU infections such as candidosis and anaerobic vaginosis, in contrast with other GU infections in only 7 (23%) of 30 contacts of men with no other GU infections. Other GU infections in patients and their contacts appeared significantly related to the presence of chlamydiae-negative NGU.
Int J STD AIDS 1990 Nov
PMID:Aetiology of non-gonococcal urethritis: a possible relation to other infections. 204 9

Two commercially available latex agglutination tests: Cand-TEC(TM) from RAMCO Laboratories, Inc., Houston, Texas, USA, for the detection of a heat labile Candida antigen, and LA-Candida Antigen Detection System from Immuno-Mycologics (IMMY), Inc., Norman, Oklahoma, USA, for the detection of Candida mannan antigen, and Own LAT, a self-prepared latex agglutination test for the detection of Candida mannan antigen were tested on 467 sera of patients at risk for deep-seated Candidosis. Separate, parallel investigations were made to demonstrate anti-Candida antibodies (3 methods), circulating immune complexes (not antigen-specific, 2 methods), and rheumatoid factor (2 methods). Specificity and sensitivity of the mannan antigen detection systems were studied. Conditions of specific and non-specific mannan binding to antisera were studied in a defined mannan-antiserum system. The potential and the limitations of the Candida mannan antigen and protein antigen detection systems using latex particle agglutination are evaluated.
 ...
PMID:Coexistence of free antigens, free antibodies and immune complexes in sera from patients with suspected deep-seated candidosis. 274 39

Eighty-three serum specimens from 24 patients infected with Candida albicans were examined for circulating Candida protein antigens with the Candida Detection System (CAND-TEC; Ramco Laboratories, Inc., Houston, Tex.). The medical records of each patient were reviewed for clinical evidence of Candida colonization or disease, predisposing factors for infection, underlying illness, the presence of a contaminated indwelling venous catheter, intravenous amphotericin B therapy, and outcome. Forty-nine serum specimens with antigen titers of 1:2 or less were obtained either from colonized patients or at a time when disseminated disease was not yet clinically suspected. Except for five specimens from two colonized patients, one with a contaminated arterial line, the other specimens with titers of 1:8 or greater (n = 14) were obtained from patients who had been clinically diagnosed and treated for disseminated candidiasis. Serum specimens with titers of 1:4 were often from patients with deep-seated candidal infection but were not uniformly diagnostic; in this situation additional specimens should be tested for Candida antigen titers. Only 1 of 24 serum specimens from patients with no evidence of C. albicans infection had a Candida protein antigen titer of 1:8. With a 1:8 or greater titer as a criterion for dissemination, the sensitivity of the CAND-TEC system was 71%, with a specificity of 98%. If the 1:8 titer for the colonized patient with a contaminated arterial line is not considered a false-positive result, the CAND-TEC sensitivity was 83%. The latex agglutination assay appears to be a useful, rapid, and noninvasive means of laboratory diagnosis of systemic candidiasis. The recovery of C. albicans from at least three body sites may also be a useful predictor of disseminated disease.
 ...
PMID:Candida detection system (CAND-TEC) to differentiate between Candida albicans colonization and disease. 353 75

The relationship between circumcision and sexually transmissible disease was studied in 1350 men who attended the Public Health Department Special Treatment Clinic in Perth, Western Australia. Evidence of circumcision was obtained by examination. More than 98% of the men studied gave a verbal report of their circumcision status which was consistent with the examination findings. Eight hundred and forty-eight men had STD; 471 men, who presented to the clinic for diagnosis and treatment but who were found not to have STD, constituted the control group. The results of the study show significant associations between the state of being uncircumcised and four major sexually transmissible diseases--herpes genitalis, candidiasis, gonorrhoea and syphilis. Estimates of the relative risk suggest that uncircumcised men are twice as likely as circumcised men to develop herpes genitalis or gonorrhoea, and five times as likely to develop candidiasis or syphilis. However, the data for syphilis should be interpreted with caution because of the small number of cases. No significant increase in risk was found for any of the other sexually transmissible diseases diagnosed at the clinic.
 ...
PMID:Circumcision and sexually transmissible disease. 668 50

Consecutive cervical smears examined in 1980 were divided into those from women using IUDs (757) and those not using them (11,711). Actinomycetes were not found in the non-IUD group but were present in 7.0% of the IUD group and were significantly more common in women with plastic IUDs (11.7%) than those with copper ones (2.1%). Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), grade 3, was significantly more common in the IUD group (1.06%) than in the non-IUD group (0.34%). Trichomonas infection was significantly more common in women with IUDs and actinomycetes (9.4%), in those with IUDs and without actinomycetes (1.6%), and in those without IUDs attending the clinic for sexually transmitted diseases (STD, 5.9%) than in non-IUD, non-STD women (0.7%). Candida infection was not more common in women with IUDs (with or without actinomycetes, 1.2%) than in non-IUD, non-STD women (2.1%) but was significantly more common in STD women (3.8%). A repeat study in 1981 showed a similar prevalence of CIN 3:1.03% of the IUD group (485) and 0.33% of the non-IUD group (10,850).
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of cervical neoplasia and infection in women using intrauterine contraceptive devices. 715 84

The trends for gonorrhea and pelvic inflammatory disease in England and Wales are presented. Reported cases of gonococcal infection during a 12 year period, 1966 through 1977, were examined to determine incidence trends. Incidence rates by sex and age groups were calculated per 100,000 population. The number of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) admitted to hospitals in England and Wales can be derived from the Hospital In-Patient Enquiry. This is a 10% sample of all hospital deaths and discharges. The Enquiry records cases, not patients, and there are no criteria for the establishment of a diagnosis of PID except that it is the physician's final diagnosis. The rates for gonorrhea for both sexes have shown a steady increase (more marked in women) from 1966 to 1977. These increases appear to have leveled off recently. In 1977, the rates represetned 37,831 and 22,273 cases in men and women, respectively. Despite the leveling off over the last few years, there has been an increase of 31% for men from 1966 to 1977 and 130% for women over the same time period. The major increases have been in women aged 16-19 years and 20-24 years. From 1968 to 1977, both the number of cases of PID and the rate have increased by 50%. The number of cases requiring hospitalization was 10,960 in 1977. The age-specific PID rates are similar to the female age-specific rates for gonorrhea with major increases occurring in the 15-19 and 20-24 year age groups. A total of 2286 women were screened in the special examination of asymptomatic women. Altogether, 228 (10%) were found to have candidiasis, 97 (4%) trichomoniasis, and 5 (0.2%) gonorrhea. The screening concentrated on those who had not sought care for sexually transmitted diseases. England and Wales have excellent STD clinic service with a sophisticated recording system for cases seen in clinics and patients hospitalized with the complications of the diseases. Yet, the data systems can still be improved. These systems indicate only part of the total clinical picture of the STDs. Accurate comprehensive figures are essential for monitoring changes in the STDs and for planning appropriate medical and other facilities needed for clinical care and control.
 ...
PMID:Trends for gonorrhea and pelvic inflammatory disease in England and Wales and for gonorrhea in a defined population. 746 78

This preliminary study compared the signs, symptoms and prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and candidal infections in women using spermicides, with those using other forms of contraception, to establish whether nonoxynol-9 had any therapeutic value against BV or gave rise to vaginal candidiasis and inflammation. Overall results showed that the prevalence of BV in non-spermicide users was 35/113 (31%) but was significantly less in spermicide users, 10/66 (15%), P < 0.05. Nonoxynol-9 was not associated with increased isolation of Candida albicans, which was found in 16/113 (14%) of non-spermicide users, and in 8/66 (12%) of those using spermicides, P > 0.1. Vaginal inflammation and discharge were significantly less in spermicide users, 19/66 (29%) than in the non-spermicide group, 50/113 (44%), P < 0.05. Nonoxynol-9 contraception was associated with a significantly reduced prevalence of BV, but not with increased candidiasis or vaginal inflammation.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Comparison of the influence of spermicidal and non-spermicidal contraception on bacterial vaginosis, candidal infection and inflammation of the vagina--a preliminary study. 781 57


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>