Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Continuing evolution in cardiac stimulation today imposes on PM manufacturers the need to submit their products under new criteria, such as: contained dimensions, functional complexity and longer periods of patient care. PM electronic circuity plays a determinant role in meeting the best solution of these problems. Thick film hybrid technology has been chosen by the Authors because it is deemed to be the best compromise for the present goals, such as: low power consumption, low weight and small size, electrical parameters stability, functional complexity and high circuitry density, Hi-Rel performance for longer working life. A little space has been reserved for schematic diagrams of the manufacturing cycle and the applied technology; particular evidence has been shown concerning selection criteria for circuitry component selection and Hi-Rel tests for the end product. Hi-Rel and qualification standards have been selected by the Authors from MIL-STD 883 methods and AAMI-FDA pacemakers standards. Practical results of the application of this methodology can be summarised as follows: only 44-50% of the total circuits pass the complete cycle of tests and thus are used for PM manufacture; electronic failure rate in the implanted units is 0.024% failure per month.
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PMID:[Technology and real performances of a new circuit for new pacemaker (author's transl)]. 75 62

At various intervals after intravenous injection of carrier-free 67Ga-citrate, iron dextrane or deferoxamine mesylate was injected into EMT-6 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice. After treatment, rapid clearance of 67Ga from soft tissues was observed. Tumor uptake was not greatly affected, and so increased tumor-to-blood ratios were observed. The authors conclude that these drugs can enhance target-to-nontarget uptake ratios for tumors.
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PMID:Pharmacologic enhancement of gallium-67 tumor-to-blood ratios for EMT-6 sarcoma (BALB/c mice). 75 57

Mice of 1.5, 9, 22, and 31 to 32 months of age were injected with the thymus-dependent antigen, TNP-SRC, or the thymus-independent antigen, TNP-SRC, TNP-MRC. The anti-SRC and TNP immune responses to TNP-SRC were markedly reduced in older mice, whereas the anti-TNP response to the TNP-MRC showed no substantial decline. Young mice produced higher anti-TNP plaque-forming cell responses after injection of TNP-SRC than after TNP-MRC, whereas in older mice the reverse obtained. Old mice but not young mice displayed a high anti-SRC cross-reactive response after injection of TNP-MRC. The avidity of anti-TNP antibody of young mice immunized with TNP-SRC was higher than that following immunization with TNP-MRC, whereas the avidities of anti-TNP antibodies from old mice injected with these two reagents were the same. Those individual mice which showed a poorly regulated immune response also displayed an autologous anti-MRC plaque-forming cell response after injection of either TNP-SRC or TNP-MRC. It is suggested that mechanisms mediated by suppressor T cells may be responsible for regulating the autoimmune response to modified self antigens, and that these are severely impaired in age individuals.
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PMID:Autoimmunity and aging: the age-related response of mice of a long-lived strain to trinitrophenylated syngeneic mouse red blood cells. 79 42

Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) in a cold environment (10, 0, or -5 degrees C) learned to partially control their chamber air temperature by pulling a chain for 10-s reinforcements of 30 degrees C air. A maximal response rate of 5/min produced an average air temperature (24-27 degrees C), well below their preferred 35 degrees C. Metabolic heat production was elebtaed 0.3-1.0 W/kg. Preoptic cooling (via stereotaxically implanted thermodes) stimulated increased metabolic heat production, with a resultant rise in core temperature. Preoptic warming stimulated reduced heat production and some peripheral vasodilation, resulting in a fall in core tenperature. The metabolic response of all animals was directly related to the skin-to-air temperature difference (Tsk - TA). Usually, mean skin temperature remained essentially unchanges as a result of a steady behavioral response rate. An increase in metabolic heat production was observed in one monkey during preoptic warming. The study demonstrated that even when behavioral thermoregulation is inefficient, it is generally sustained with maximal vigor over long periods. This behavior is then supplemented by appropriate autonomic adjustments when necessary to achieve full regulation of the body temperature.
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PMID:Autonomic thermoregulation in squirrel monkey when behavioral regulation is limited. 81 17

Mice primed with heavily trinitrophenylated sheep red cells (TNP128SRC) or glutaraldehyde-treated sheep red cells (G-SRC) developed an early helper function mediated by thymus-derived cells. Such mice were able to produce high secondary responses to both hapten and carrier after challenge 2 days after priming, with lightly trinitrophenylated SRC (TNP0.14SRC). However, the primary response of the TNP128SRC or G-SRC-primed mice were very low to undetectable, and their secondary responses were also low when the challenge antigen was administered 4 days after priming or later. Inhibitory humoral factor(s) which were induced in the primed animals appeared responsible for the decreased capacity of primed mice to mount a secondary response when challenged later than 2 days after priming. Transfer of spleen cells from TNP128SRC-primed mice to sublethally irradiated recipients circumvents their exposure to inhibitory humoral factor(s) present in intact animals allowing them to react with challenge antigen. Enriched populations of T cells, but not B cells, were able to transfer this early immunologic memory to irradiated recipients. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
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PMID:Studies on the immune response to fixed antigens. Preferential induction of helper function with heavily trinitrophenylated sheep erythrocytes, and glutaraldehyde-treated sheep erythrocytes. 81 79

To discover the relative importance of body core temperature versus bodyskin temperature in raising limb blood flow and heart rate, we exposed seven unanesthetized, chaired baboons (Papio anubis) to a variety of heating protocols. First, the baboons were exposed to a 40-45 degrees C environment for 0.75-1.5 h. Arterial or right atrial blood temperature (Tbl), skin temperature (Tsk), mean right iliac blood flow (MRIF), and heart rate (HR) all increased gradually during heating. On the average, HR increased from 106 to 160 beats/min and MRIF rose to 286% of control level. To separate influences of Tbl and Tsk on cardiovascular changes, we manipulated Tbl and Tsk independently via a heat exchanger incorporated into a chronic femoral arteriovenous shunt. In most baboons, the MRIF and HR response to a hot environment could be essentially duplicated by elevation of bTbl with Tsk held neutral, while elevation of Tsk with Tbl held neutral had little effect. One baboon exhibited significant response to Tsk elevation with Tbl held neutral, although subsequent manipulation of Tbl overrode this response. We conclude that the normal response to heating in baboons is mainly attributable to drives from internal temperature-sensitive mechanisms. Elevated Tsk shows large effects only in exceptional cases.
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PMID:Control of baboon limb blood flow and heart rate-role of skin vs. core temperature. 82 75

Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at 13.56 MHz were used to heat locally EMT-6 sarcomas and KHJJ carcinomas in BALB/cKa mice. Temperature profiles obtained in tumors during treatment showed uniform temperature distribution throughout the tumor volume with no systemic hyperthermia. Temperature could be maintained at a stable level throughout treatment by adjustment of power. Tumors were treated at 43 degrees, 43-5 degrees, and 44 degrees, for 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 min. The EMT-6 tumor was highly sensitive to cure by radiofrequency heating: a 5-min exposure at 44 degrees resulted in cure of almost 50% of the tumors. Cure rate was a function of temperature and of duration of exposure. The KHJJ carcinoma was somewhat more resistant to cure by radiofrequency heating, although most of the animals treated at 43.5 degrees or above were cured of their tumors. In an effort to explain the remarkable effectiveness of radiofrequency heating, tumor cell survival studies were done on EMT-6 tumors treated in situ. Cell inactivation by radiofrequency heating was similar to that for hot water bath heating. However, direct cell killing cannot account for the observed cures, and an additional mechanism must be responsible for tumor eradication.
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PMID:Tumor cure and cell survival after localized radiofrequency heating. 83 83

IgM and IgG anti-sheep red blood cells agglutinins were measured from dayy + 2 to day + 30 in SPF mice immunized with 108 SRC and treated with 2.5 or 25 mg LMS/dg. Untreated control mice produced high levels (1:8200) of IgM-antibodies from day + 4 to day + 20. Early, day + 4, IgG-agglutinins appeared together with IgM-antibodies in mice treated with 2.5 mg LMS/kg, whereas administration of 25 mg LMS/kg induced the synthesis of antibodies belonging only to the IgG class. Titres were significantly lower (1:512) in LMS-treated mice than in controls. The switch to IgG of antibody formation is another for the ability of LMS to stimulate T cell activities.
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PMID:[Influence of levamisole on antibody production]. 84 84

An Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system with the capabilities of rapid response, patient extrication, basic life support, advanced life support, radio communication, and transportation provides appropriate care for a wide spectrum of injured and acutely ill patients. The validity of the selective dual response system in demonstrated by: 1) rapid provision of basic life support, 2) appropriate availability of advanced life support, 3) conservation of educational and fiscal resources, and 4) the enchancement of knowledge and manipulative skill expertise of relatively few, but busy, EMT-paramedics who are provided close medical supervision and support.
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PMID:An effective prehospital emergency system. 85 49

Orthostatic tolerance was measured in 20 lowlander Indian soldiers (sojourners) by recording responses of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and mean skin temperature (Tsk) to 70 degrees head-up passive tilt, initially at Delhi (260 m altitude) and thereafter at 3500 m at weekly intervals for 3 weeks. For comparison, observations were also made once on 10 acclimatized lowlanders (AL) and 10 high-altitude natives (HAN) at the same altitude. Among sojourners, the percentage of subjects showing orthostatic intolerance (OI) during tilt increased at high altitude in the first and second weeks; six subjects fainted in the first week as compared to one who fainted at sea level (SL). There was no incidence of fainting among AL or HAN and the percentage of subjects showing OI was very small. The magnitude of cardio-acceleration to tilt was higher in sojourners at high altitude (HA) and relatively less in AL and HAN. The systolic BP during tilt showed no change at SL or during the first and second weeks of stay at altitude in sojourners, but in third week showed a mild rise and was comparable to the responses of AL and HAN. The diastolic BP during tilt always showed a rise, although it was of a higher magnitude during the second and third weeks in sojourners as well as in AL and HAN. There was a fall in Tsk during tilt, which was of a lesser magnitude at HA. It has been concluded that there is a reduced orthostatic tolerance at higher altitude during the first week, due to hypocapnia, after which it is improved as a result of relative sympathetic hyperactivity and adaptation of the vasomotor centre to reduced PaCO2 level.
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PMID:Changes in orthostatic tolerance in man at an altitude of 3500 meters. 87 Dec 81


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