Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.10.1 (ERK)
 95,504 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Researchers recently found that Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 2003) scores reported by state experts were much higher than those reported by defense experts in sexually violent predator cases pursued for civil commitment (Murrie, Boccaccini, Johnson, & Janke, 2008), which raised the question of which scores were more accurate. In this study, two independent raters rescored the PCL-R from file review for 44 offenders from that sample who had opposing evaluator scores (allegiance cases) and 44 who had state expert, but not defense expert, scores (comparison cases). The independent raters agreed with one another in their scoring of the allegiance and comparison cases (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] ICCA,1 = .95), but they disagreed with both state (ICCA,1 = .29) and defense (ICCA,1 = .14) experts in the allegiance cases. Agreement was stronger between state experts and independent raters for the comparison cases (ICCA,1 = .63), but the independent raters assigned significantly higher PCL-R scores than experts for both the allegiance and comparison cases. These findings suggest that offenders who were selected for rescoring by the defense may have been more difficult to score. Findings also raise questions about the extent to which PCL-R scores based on correctional file review only are comparable to those based on file and interview.
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PMID:When experts disagreed, who was correct? A comparison of PCL-R scores from independent raters and opposing forensic experts. 2235 47

In a recent study of sex offender civil commitment proceedings, Murrie et al. (Psychol Public Policy Law 15:19-53, 2009) found that state-retained experts consistently assigned higher PCL-R total scores than defense-retained experts for the same offenders (Cohen's d > .83). This finding raises an important question about the validity of these discrepant scores: Which type of score, state or defense evaluator, provides the most useful information about risk? We examined the ability of PCL-R total scores from state and defense evaluators to predict future misconduct among civilly committed sex offenders (N = 38). For comparison, we also examined predictive validity when two state experts evaluated the same offender (N = 32). Agreement between evaluators was low for cases with opposing experts (ICCA,1 = .43 to .52) and for cases with two state experts (ICCA,1 = .40). Nevertheless, scores from state and defense experts demonstrated similar levels of predictive validity (AUC values in the .70 range), although scores from different types of state evaluators (corrections-contracted vs. prosecution-retained) did not. The finding of mean differences between opposing evaluator scores, but similar levels of predictive validity, suggests that scores from opposing experts in SVP cases may need to be interpreted differently depending on who assigned them. Findings have important implications for understanding how rater disagreement may relate to predictive validity.
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PMID:Do PCL-R scores from state or defense experts best predict future misconduct among civilly committed sex offenders? 2266 5