Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.10.1 (ERK)
 95,504 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The HEP and ts2 strains of rabies virus inoculated intracerebrally into adult mice normally cause clinically inapparent infection. In the experiments described, this is converted into a lethal infection by immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide, which also prevented induction of immunity with vaccine. Lethal infection of HEP-inoculated mice was also observed in mice treated with antihymocytic serum, and in athymic (BALB/c-nu) nude mice.
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PMID:Pathogenesis of rabies in immunodeficient mice. 109 60

The replication of seven rabies virus strains (CVS, HEP, PV, ERA, WIRAB, CPZ and BOLIVAR) in BHK cells and the inactivation dynamics of these strains by beta-propiolactone, acetylethylenimine, and ethylenimine were studied to find the most immunogenic strain and the most economic and stable inactivating agent for the production of an inactivated tissue culture rabies vaccine for animal use. The seven strains reached the peak of virus production 3 to 5 days after inoculation of the cell culture; PV yielded the highest virus titer (10(9) plaque-forming units/ml). The infectivity of virus suspensions containing 10(7) to 10(8) plaque-forming units/0.1 ml was inactivated by beta-propiolactone in 0.5 h, acetylethylenimine in 3.0 h, and ethylenimine in 1.0 h. Most of the vaccine lots prepared with the different strains and inactivating agents passed a modified National Institutes of Health potency test. The vaccines prepared with the PV strain had consistently higher antigenic values (equal or better than four) than the other six strains. This difference was highly significant (F6,12=59.8), whereas there were no statistically significant differences among the antigenic values of the vaccine lots prepared with the three inactivating agents. Batches of lyophilized and liquid vaccine stored at 4 C maintained potency for over 1 year. Ten dogs vaccinated with a vaccine prepared with the PV strain and inactivated with ethylenimine developed a good antibody response and resisted challenge 60 days after vaccination, while seven of eight nonvaccinated controls died of rabies. This information indicates that an inactivated, stable, economic, and easy-to-prepare rabies vaccine can be produced in BHK cells by using the PV strain and ethylenimine as an inactivating agent.
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PMID:Ethylenimine-inactivated rabies vaccine of tissue culture origin. 125 1

Twenty cases of human squamous cell carcinomas of larynx were processed with an improved direct chromosome preparations. Metaphases were obtained from 5 cases and detailed G-banding analyses were completed in 3 cases. In addition, a cell line of squamous cell carcinomas of larynx (HEP-2) was analyzed with high resolution banding technique. Three generations were cytogenetically analyzed (365, 375, 395). DM, which indicate gene amplification was found in case 4 and the cell line. 6q- and i (8q) appeared in both primary tumors and the cell line, and thus could be considered as characteristic changes in human squamous cell carcinomas of larynx.
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PMID:[Chromosomal analysis of human squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx]. 130 70

Four types of cultured cell (Gin-1, Chang Liver, HEP-2 and L-929) were used in vitro to determine the cytotoxicity of 12 Chinese-Japanese Dental Casting Alloys from cell recovery ability. A new cytocompatibility detecting method--cell recovery test was established and recommended. This method can be able to observe the state of cell recovery through self growth cycle, diminish the side-effect of dead cell and its products on the living cells, nearly mimic the environment in vivo and study the inherited toxicology of cells. The application of computer photo-pattern analysis technique can acquire the objective and accurate data directly.
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PMID:[Study on the recovery of 4 types of cultured cell after contacting varieties of dental casting alloys]. 130 28

We investigated a 73-kDa polypeptide (p73), a minor component of the rabies virion (HEP-Flury and ERA strains), accounting for as much as 1% of total virion proteins. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting with the antiserum against the heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) demonstrated that p73 was identical to a constitutive type of cellular hsp70. The antiserum also detected p73/hsp70 in the purified virions of other negative-stranded RNA viruses, such as vesicular stomatitis virus (New Jersey serotype), Newcastle disease virus (Miyadera strain), and influenza A virus (PR8 strain), among which, however, the contents were variable.
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PMID:Identification of heat shock protein 70 in the rabies virion. 132 9

SK-HEP-1 is an immortal, human cell line derived from the ascitic fluid of a patient with adenocarcinoma of the liver. We have determined that these cells are of endothelial origin. Despite the location of the tumor from which SK HEP-1 was derived, the cell line does not have properties of hepatocytes. Northern blot analysis of total cellular RNA shows no messenger RNA for the hepatic-specific proteins albumin, alpha-fibrinogen, or gamma-fibrinogen. Endothelial characteristics are seen by transmission electron microscopy. These features include numerous pinocytotic vesicles, electron dense granules consistent with Weibel-Palade bodies, and abundant intermediate filaments, identified immunocytochemically as vimentin. Cultures grown on plastic dishes grow in bundles of polygonal to spindle-shaped cells. Proteins characteristic for endothelial cells are identified by immunocytochemistry. Addition of basement membrane material (Matrigel) or type I collagen to the cultures induces these cells to organize into a tubular network.
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PMID:SK HEP-1: a human cell line of endothelial origin. 137 4

Twenty-one hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) against the M2 protein of the Nishigahara (RECH) strain of rabies virus were prepared using the SDS-polyacrylamide gel-purified M2 protein as the immunogen. All moAbs reacted with the protein after Western blotting of rabies virus. By combinations of competitive binding assays, examination of the reactivity of moAbs to the cells infected with parent RCEH and two other strains, CVS and HEP-Flury, and immunoprecipitation with in vitro translation products derived from full-length and truncated cDNAs of the M2 gene, these moAbs could be classified into seven epitope groups. Of these, 20 moAbs belonging to six epitope groups were suggested to recognize an antigenic determinant in the amino-terminal region, from the 1st to the 72nd amino acid of the protein (8 moAbs from two groups directed to amino acids 1 to 72; 2 moAbs from a group directed to amino acids 9 to 72; 5 moAbs from a group directed to amino acids 17-72; 5 moAbs from two groups directed to amino acids 32 to 72). The antigenic determinant recognized by the remaining 1 moAb was shown to be located in the amino acid region from 50 to 171. These moAbs should be useful for further studies on the biological functions of the M2 protein of rabies virus.
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PMID:Mapping of the antigenic determinants recognized by monoclonal antibodies against the M2 protein of rabies virus. 137 39

To identify cis-acting elements involved with the expression of the rat carboxypeptidase-E (CPE) gene, constructs containing various regions of the 5'-flanking region of the CPE gene attached to the luciferase reporter gene were transiently expressed in cell lines derived from pituitary (AtT-20 and GH4C1), liver (SK-HEP-1), and kidney (HEK293 and COS1). Regions of the CPE gene spanning the major transcription initiation site (-12 to 47) are sufficient for low levels of transcription. Activity is enhanced 3- to 15-fold by sequences present between -12 and -395 in all cell lines examined. Sequences between -395 and -3081 influenced transcription activity up to 5-fold in some, but not all, cell lines. There was no correlation between the transcription activities of the various constructs and the level of endogenous CPE mRNA in the cell lines, indicating that the tissue-specific elements responsible for the large variations in endogenous CPE mRNA levels are not present within -3081 to 47. The region between -395 and 45 was examined in greater detail using transient expression assays and DNase-I protection analysis. Transcription activity is enhanced in GH4C1 and HEK293 cells by sequence present between -12 and -84; this region contains a potential GC box, which binds factors present in GH4C1 nuclear extracts. Other regions between -340 and 80 that bind proteins in the GH4C1 nuclear extracts include the major transcription initiation site, which has homology to the initiator sequence; the pituitary-specific transcription initiation sites (-101 and -105); and sequences with homology to NF-1, Pan-1, simian virus-40 enhancer core, and AP-2-binding sites. Taken together, these results suggest that basal expression of the CPE gene from its major transcription initiation site, which does not contain an up-stream TATA box, is primarily under the control of an initiator-like element together with an upstream GC box.
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PMID:Expression of the rat carboxypeptidase-E gene in neuroendocrine and nonneuroendocrine cell lines. 149 89

Ayurvedic medicine, which uses decoctions made of medicinal plants, is used to cure diseases in many Asian countries including Sri Lanka. Although proper storage facilities for medicinal plants are unavailable in Sri Lanka, neither the potential for growth of toxigenic fungi nor their ability to produce mycotoxins in stored medicinal plants has been investigated. We isolated three Fusarium species, F. culmorum, F. acuminatum and F. graminearum from the medicinal plant Tribulus terrestris. Culture extracts of the 3 Fusarium spp. were cytotoxic to mammalian cell lines BHK-21 and HEP-2. Three toxic metabolites produced by Fusarium spp; T-2 toxin, zearalenone, and diacetoxyscirpenol were also cytotoxic to the mammalian cell lines. The 3 Fusarium spp. grown on rice media produced zearalenone. Plant material destined for medicinal use should be stored under suitable conditions to prevent growth of naturally occurring toxigenic fungi prior to its use.
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PMID:Cytotoxicity of Fusarium species mycotoxins and culture filtrates of Fusarium species isolated from the medicinal plant Tribulus terrestris to mammalian cells. 149 62

Three hundred and three children under 5 years old with acute measles and diarrhoea (cases) and 300 other age-matched children with diarrhoea (controls) were examined for enteroadherent E. coli (EAEC) and other agents including rotavirus and Cryptosporidium. EAEC was determined by tissue culture of HEP-2 cells. Other agents were determined by conventional methods. EAEC was identified from both cases and control accounting for 10.3% (31/303) and 15.2% (46/300) respectively. Other bacterial agents were: 10.3% (31/303) from cases and 12.8% (39/300) from controls. A higher detection rate of enteroparasites was found among cases 15% (45/300) than controls 8.9% (27/300) whereas rotavirus was the reverse, 3% (9/303) in cases and 30.3% (92/300) in controls. To our knowledge characterization of EAEC has not been done before and therefore might be attributing factor to some of our unexplained diarrhoeal cases.
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PMID:Escherichia coli associated with acute measles and diarrhoea at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. 150 1


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