Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.7.10.1 (ERK)
95,504 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The delayed intradermal test and migration inhibition tests were used to assess the delayed hypersensitivity in patients with BHF and simple intestinal bilharziasis using SEA. All bilharzial patients gave a positive intradermal test. The specificity of the intradermal test using SEA is demonstrated clearly by the negative response in all control groups.
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PMID:Cell mediated immune (CMI) responsiveness to soluble egg antigen (SEA) and its relation to the occurrence of schistosomal hepatosplenic disease in patients with schistosomiasis mansoni. 53 16

Determination of serum enzymatic activities in hepatosplenic bilharziasis (H.S.B.) were conducted in 100 bilharzial patients, in different stages and 30 controls SGot, SGPT, ALK pH, ALD and SLDH with its both fractions heat stable and labile.). Early elevation of serum enzymatic activities of SGOT, SGPT and SALK. pH, may be considered as a sensitive parameter for functional changes in H.S.B. rather than other conventional liver function tests. The elevated enzymic activity of total LDH in this study was associated with elevation in its both fractions. In particular, the changes in the total activity was in parallel with that of its heat labile fraction. The latter may be considered as a confirmatory test for marked deterioration of liver functions in H.S.B. The changes in the heat stable fraction was inconstant and may be attributed to extrahepatic bilharzial dissimilation. Significantly high serum enzymatic activity of SALD was found in cases of H.S.B. particularly those showing striking muscle wasting.
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PMID:Studies on certain serum enzymatic activities in hepatosplenic bilharziasis. 55 51

Infection with Schistosoma mansoni induces humoral and T cell mediated responses and leads to a delayed hypersensitivity that results in granulomatous inflammatory disease around the parasite eggs. Regulation of these responses resulting in a reduction in this anti-egg inflammatory disease is apparently determined by idiotypic repertoires of the patient, associated with genetic background and multiple external factors. We have previously reported on idiotype/anti-idiotype-receptor interactions in clinical human schistosomiasis. These findings support a hypothesis that anti-SEA cross-reactive idiotypes develop in some patients during the course of a chronic infection and participate in regulation of anti-SEA cellular immune responses. We report here on experiments which extend those observations to the regulation of granulomatous hypersensitivity measured by an in vitro granuloma model. T cells from chronic intestinal schistosomiasis patients were stimulated in vitro with anti-SEA idiotypes and assayed in an autologous in vitro granuloma assay for modulation of granuloma formation. These anti-SEA idiotype reactive T cells were capable of regulating autologous in vitro granuloma formation. Both CD4 and CD8 T cells could be activated to regulate granuloma formation. This regulatory activity, initiated with stimulatory anti-SEA idiotypic antibodies, was antigenically specific and was dependent on the presence of intact (F(ab')2) immunoglobulin molecules. The ability to elicit this regulatory activity appears to be dose dependent and is more easily demonstrated in chronically infected intestinal patients or SEA sensitized individuals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Human schistosomiasis mansoni: studies on in vitro granuloma modulation. 134 21

Soluble antigens were prepared from Schistosoma haematobium eggs collected from urine of 6-16 year-old children with urinary schistosomiasis. The electrophoretic profile of the soluble egg antigen (SEAH) preparation was almost identical to that (SEAh) obtained from UNDP/World Bank/WHO, Switzerland and prepared from S. haematobium eggs retrieved from intestines of infected hamsters. Reactivity of 50 individual patients with S. haematobium in Western blots led to the identification of the SEA protein bands carrying human B cell epitopes. Some, but not all, of these SEA proteins initiated peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferation in T cell Western assays. These antigens are probably the ones inducing granulomatous response in vivo, and that are responsible for the immunopathology of the disease.
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PMID:Identification of the Schistosoma haematobium soluble egg antigens inducing antibody production and/or T cell proliferation in humans. 150 Jul 85

The sera from 25 patients with acute, 36 patients with chronic schistosomiasis japonica and 68 patients with pagumogonimiasis skrjabini were tested against SEA, schistosome egg, Paragonimus adult antigen (PAA) and Paragonimus metacercaria using different tests including biotin-avidin system (BAS), ELISA, circumoval precipitate reaction (COPT) and metacercaria membrane reaction (MCMR). Results showed: 1. The specific reactions using PAS and ELISA were (1) both 100% in acute schistosomiasis patients (ASP), (2) 100% and 97.2% respectively in chronic schistosomiasis patients (CSP) and (3) both were 98.5% in paragonimiasis patients (PP). 2. The cross reactions using BAS, ELISA and MCMR were (1) 76%, 72% and 20% respectively in ASP, (2) 27.8%, 22.2% and 19.4% respectively in CSP. 3. The cross reactions using BAS, ELISA and COPT were 26.5%, 30.9% and 8.8% respectively in PP. 4. The frequency of cross reaction was related to the sensitivity of the test used. 5. The frequency of cross reaction in ASP was remarkably lower with MCMR than with BAS or ELISA. 6. The frequency of cross reaction in CSP was related to the intensity of infection. 7. We suggest that more than one test should be carried out in patients who showed cross reaction to a single test, then the frequency of cross reaction would decline.
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PMID:[Serological cross reaction between schistosomiasis japonica and pagumogonimiasis skrjabini]. 180 53

Schistosomiasis has special characteristics in Venezuela, since the majority of the infected population is asymptomatic and the elimination of eggs is very low, difficulting in this way parasitologic diagnosis. It is thus necessary to develop sensitive and specific immunologic methods to be applied in field surveys. The present study compares two serologic tests for Schistosomiasis, the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with eggs (SEA) and adult (AWA) antigens and the traditional circumoval precipitation test (COPT). Sensitivity and specificity of the test were performed being 100% and 92% in COPT, 79% and 71% in ELISA-SEA and 71% and 91% in ELISA-AWA respectively. Advantages and disadvantages of each test are discussed.
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PMID:[Comparative analysis between the circumoval precipitin test and ELISA with raw antigens for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in Venezuela]. 184 41

We have previously reported on Id/anti-Id-receptor interactions in clinical human schistosomiasis. These findings support a hypothesis that anti-SEA cross-reactive Id develop in some patients during the course of a chronic infection and participate in regulation of anti-SEA cellular immune responses. We report here on experiments that extend those observations to the regulation of granulomatous hypersensitivity measured by an in vitro granuloma model. T cells from chronic intestinal schistosomiasis patients were stimulated in vitro with anti-SEA Id and assayed in an autologous in vitro granuloma assay for modulation of granuloma formation. These anti-SEA Id-reactive T cells were capable of regulating autologous in vitro granuloma formation. Both CD4 and CD8 T cells could be activated to regulate granuloma formation. This regulatory activity, initiated with stimulatory anti-SEA idiotypic antibodies, was antigenically specific and was dependent on the presence of intact F(ab')2 Ig molecules. The ability to elicit this regulatory activity appears to be dose dependent and is more easily demonstrated in chronically infected intestinal patients or SEA-sensitized individuals. These data support the hypothesis that anti-SEA cross-reactive Id are important in regulating granulomatous hypersensitivity in chronic intestinal schistosomiasis patients and these cross-reactive Id appear to play a major role in cell-cell interactions that result in the regulation of anti-SEA cellular immune responses.
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PMID:Granulomatous hypersensitivity to Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens in human schistosomiasis. II. In vitro granuloma modulation induced by polyclonal idiotypic antibodies. 194 Mar 77

Studies of the pathogenesis of schistosomal infections have revealed that the occurrence of disease is so strongly related to host responses to parasite products, that schistosomiasis can be considered as an immunological disease. Further, numerous genetic and environmental factors may modify the host resistance or susceptibility to disease. To test whether hepatosplenic patients manifest different immune capabilities, and the effects of intensity of infection on immune responses; we evaluated anti-SMW68 and anti-crude antigens (SWAP & SEA) antibody levels in 100 children aged 9-15, having light and moderate S. mansoni infection (80-360 eggs/gm of stool). In this group, anti-SMW67 antibody levels (determined by ELISA) were significantly higher in those with lower levels of infection (P less than 0.001). Furthermore, the hepatosplenic patients showed a lower anti-SMW68 antibody levels than those with intestinal schistosomiasis. (P less than 0.05). We conclude that the worm burden and so the resultant morbidity may be influenced by the immune capabilities of the host. Whether enhanced antibody response to SMW68 represents acquired protective humoral immunity remains to be determined.
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PMID:Association of reduced antibody response to "SMW68" (an affinity purified schistosomal antigen) with hepatosplenomegaly in Egyptian schoolchildren infected with Schistosoma mansoni. 212 45

Activities of IL-1 produced by peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and IL-2 released by peripheral blood mononuclear cells induced by PHA, SWAP and SEA in vitro were detected in patients with various stages of schistosomiasis japonica. It was found that the activity of IL-1 was greatly increased and positively related to the body temperature, and high level of IL-2 was induced by SWAP and SEA in the group of acute schistosomiasis. The activity of IL-1 was significantly reduced in the groups of chronic and advanced schistosomiasis, especially in the latter group. The level of IL-2 induced by SWAP and SEA in the groups of chronic and advanced schistosomiasis was significantly lower than that in the group of acute schistosomiasis, but was much higher than that in the group of normal control. The level of IL-2 induced by SWAP and SEA in the cases of acute schistosomiasis was positively related to the activity of IL-1. The results indicate that the specific cellular immunity was increased in acute cases and decreased in chronic cases of schistosomiasis japonica. Both specific and nonspecific cellular immune responses were greatly reduced in cases of advanced schistosomiasis japonica. IL-1 and IL-2 may play an important role in the immunoregulation of schistosomiasis japonica.
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PMID:[Changes in induced interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 activity and their interrelationship in patients with schistosomiasis japonica]. 217 63

Humoral and cellular immune response in schistosomiasis was studied pre and post praziquantel therapy. After treatment the mean anti SEA IgM and IgG and anti SWAP IgM levels in all cases showed significant reduction. In patients with high eosinophilic count anti SEA IgE and IgA were statistically decreased. Other specific antibodies showed negligible changes Cellular immune response was not affected.
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PMID:Humoral and cellular immune response in schistosomiasis pre and post praziquantel therapy. 223 Mar 24


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