Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.10.1 (ERK)
 95,504 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-one new RFLP systems corresponding to 24 loci have been identified from a chromosome 10-specific cosmid library. Twelve of the markers on the proximal long arm (cen-q11.2) of this chromosome, including four RFLP systems for the RET locus, will be especially useful in efforts to identify the gene responsible for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A). The new panel of markers also may contribute to fine-scale mapping of tumor suppressor genes associated with glioblastoma multiforme or renal cell carcinoma, because allelic deletions in these tumors have implied the presence of a tumor suppressor gene(s) on chromosome 10.
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PMID:Thirty-one new RFLP systems detected by twenty-four DNA markers on human chromosome 10. 134 81

We analyzed the alteration of int-2, c-erbB-2 and EGFR genes in 32 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract, 15 cases of renal cell carcinoma and 14 cases of prostatic carcinoma by Southern blot hybridization method. Three- to 12 fold amplification of int-2 gene was observed in 4 (12.5%) of 32 transitional cell carcinomas. Of these 4 cases 3 were G3 tumor with muscle invasion and the remaining was G1, pTa tumor with subsequent recurrence of multiple tumors. The other 2 cases (6.3%) with invasive transitional cell carcinoma showed amplification of c-erbB-2 gene. Neither amplification nor gross rearrangement of EGFR gene was detected in transitional cell carcinoma. On the other hand, renal cell carcinomas and prostatic carcinomas had neither amplification nor gross rearrangement of these 3 genes. These results suggest that the int-2 gene located in chromosome locus 11q13 and the c-erbB-2 gene have a specific role in carcinogenesis and in progression of transitional cell carcinoma through their gene amplifications.
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PMID:[int-2 and c-erbB-2 gene amplification in urological cancers]. 136 54

Expression of the oncogenes, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, HER2/neu, c-myc, and c-fos, in renal cell carcinoma and corresponding nonneoplastic kidney tissue of 30 patients has been analyzed by Northern blot analysis. In renal cell carcinoma an inverse relationship of EGF receptor and HER2/neu gene expression was detected, with high expression of the EGF receptor gene in 22 of 30 (73%) cases and low expression of the HER2/neu gene in 28 of 30 (93%) cases. Furthermore, altered expression of the oncogenes c-myc and c-fos was detected in renal cell carcinoma, which appears to be related to the tumor grade of malignancy. Additional Southern blot analysis of six renal cell carcinomas gave no indication of chromosomal rearrangement events or gene amplification.
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PMID:Inverse relationship of epidermal growth factor receptor and HER2/neu gene expression in human renal cell carcinoma. 197 62

The ability of normal human fibroblast-derived chromosomes to suppress tumorigenicity in nude mice and in vitro growth properties of various tumor cell lines was examined. Normal human chromosomes tagged with pSV2neo gene by DNA transfection were transferred to the following human tumor cell lines by microcell-fusion: SiHa (uterine cervical carcinoma), A204 (rhabdomyosarcoma), SK-NEP-1 (Wilms' tumor), HHUA (uterine endometrial carcinoma), SK-N-MC (neuroblastoma), YCR (renal cell carcinoma), HT1080 (fibrosarcoma), and CC1 (chorionic carcinoma). The results indicate the presence of a putative tumor-suppressor gene(s) in multiple chromosomes, and suggest that multiple genes may normally be involved in suppressing the transformed phenotypes at different stages in some tumors. Thus, the microcell transfer of chromosomes to specific tumor cell lines is a useful technique to demonstrate the presence of tumor-suppressor genes on individual chromosomes, and may also be useful in cloning of tumor-suppressor genes as well as elucidating their function in cell-growth and differentiation.
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PMID:Multiple chromosomes carrying tumor suppressor activity, via microcell-mediated chromosome transfer, for various tumor cell lines. 248 35

We examined whether a combined use of UFT with interferon against human KDR-1 strain cells was effective or not. KDR-1 strain derived from the patient with renal cell carcinoma was transplanted into nude mice. When the tumor grew large enough, the mice were divided into 4 groups. The group consisted of 1) oral use of 5% Acasia as a control, 2) oral administration of UFT, 3) combined use of UFT and IFN-alpha, 4) intraperitoneal injection of IFN. Each group was treated continuously for 16 days. Antitumor effect was not observed in group 2 and 4, but observed in group 3. The concentration of UFT in the tumor tissue did not show any differences between combination and UFT groups. Therefore, there is no evidence to prove that IFN-alpha makes UFT level higher. Antitumor effect was observed histopathologically in the combined regimen group, although a mechanism of synergistic effect is still unknown.
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PMID:[Antitumor activity of UFT and interferon-alpha against human renal cell carcinoma in athymic nude mice]. 312 84

Recent evidence indicates that laminin may be involved in the phenotypic behavior and metastasis of certain tumor cells. We examined the effect of laminin on monocyte-macrophage killing of two human tumor lines, Malme-3M melanoma and CAK-I renal carcinoma. Laminin enhanced both monocyte- and macrophage-mediated tumoricidal activity against human melanoma cells but did not promote monocyte and macrophage killing of CAK-I renal carcinoma cells. Laminin promoted substratum adherence of melanoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner but had no effect on adhesion of the renal carcinoma cells. The monocyte-macrophage cytotoxicity promoted by laminin paralleled its effects on cell substratum adhesion. In addition to an effect on adhesion, laminin also promoted migration of the melanoma cells but not of the renal carcinoma cells. Laminin did not promote the adhesion of monocytes or macrophages. Laminin may promote monocyte-macrophage tumor cytotoxicity by increasing the interaction of tumor and effector cells through its effect on target or tumor cells.
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PMID:Laminin selectively enhances monocyte-macrophage-mediated tumoricidal activity. 396 63

58 patients (25 with GN, 13 with PN, 10 with hypernephroma, and 10 healthy controls) were tested for t-cell activity against glomerular basement membrane antigen (GBMA), total renal antigen (TRA), hypernephroma antigen (HyA), HEP, and PPD by means of the electrophoretic mobility test described by Field and Caspary. Positive reactions to GMBA were demonstrated in 21 to 25 GN patients, and 2 of 13 PN patients. There was no reaction among the hypernephroma patients or the controls. Lymphocytes from all 10 hypernephroma patients, but only 1 of the other 37 patients tested, were sensitized against HyA. No conclusion may be drawn regarding the pathogenetic relevance of the findings, but attention is drawn to the diagnostic value of tests based on these results.
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PMID:Cellular immunity in glomerulonephritis. 617 74

TRKE-1 is a pure line of epithelium-like neoplastic cells derived from the kidney of a rat treated 48 hr previously with a carcinogenic dose of dimethylnitrosamine. Using light microscopy, the line was characterized by cohesive growth behavior typical for epithelium and the formation of hemicysts (domes) at postconfluence. Enhancement of dome formation by dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and dimethyl sulfoxide and inhibition by ouabain established these structures as a manifestation of differentiated cellular function, namely, transepithelial fluid transport. Structurally, TRKE-1 cells in monolayer culture were characterized by apical distribution of microvilli, cilia, and endocytic vesicles, ordered sequence of junctional components at the apical lateral border including tight junction and desmosomes, basolateral cellular interdigitations below the junctional complex, basal location of microfilament bundles, and a conspicuous content of mitochondria. Each of these features typifies mammalian renal tubule epithelium in vivo. The occasional profusion of microvilli; the prominent, apically distributed endocytic vesicles; and the well-developed basal microfilament tracts suggest, in particular, that the proximal segment of the nephron may represent the site of origin of this transformed cell line. The various morphological aspects of renal epithelial differentiation were also expressed in multicellular tumor spheroids grown in suspension, with an accentuation of junctional complexes, endocytic vesicles, and intracytoplasmic lumina. In addition, this three-dimensional culture mode supported cellular organization into acinar profiles suggestive of primitive tubule formation. In confirming the epithelial nature of TRKE-1 and a possible identity with the proximal tubule, this study provides an in vitro animal model representative of chemically transformed renal epithelium which may be analogous to human renal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Differentiated features of a transformed epithelial cell line (TRKE-1) derived from dimethylnitrosamine-treated rat kidney. 664 May 46

Control of neoplastic proliferation reflects in part monocyte/macrophage destruction of target cells--destruction that evidently requires cell-cell interaction. We herein show it to involve the natural plasma opsonin, fibronectin. With two cultured human tumor lines--Malme melanoma and CAK-I renal carcinoma cells--addition of fibronectin, purified to homogeneity, enhances macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity 2--4-fold (p less than 0.01). Both fresh human monocytes or the U-937-cultured macrophage line become more lethal to tumor cells with added fibronectin. The fibronectin-enhanced monocyte and U-937 tumoricidal activity occurred in a dose-dependent fashion. Specificity of fibronectin's action was validated by use of affinity-purified rabbit antifibronectin antibody, which completely abated its enhancement of tumoricidal activity. Enhancement of tumoricidal activity did not occur when monocytes or U-937 were exposed to fibronectin-coated plates. However, the addition of soluble fibronectin to fibronectin-coated plates was then capable of enhancing cytocidal activity. These studies demonstrate that human fibronectin is capable of increasing both fresh and cultured human monocyte tumor-directed cytotoxicity. Fibronectin appears to be a potentially important circulating molecule that may favorably influence human monocyte tumor cell cytotoxicity.
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PMID:Fibronectin enhances in vitro monocyte-macrophage-mediated tumoricidal activity. 709 27

The effects of high-energy shock waves (HESW) on the human renal cell carcinoma were examined. The kidneys were available from 32 patients treated by radical nephrectomy due to renal cell carcinoma. Immediately after nephrectomy the kidneys were perfused with cold HTK solution and stored for a maximum of 4 h in hypothermia at 8 degrees C. The tumors were treated with 4,000 shocks (65 mPa = 0.6 mJ/mm2) in an electromagnetic lithotriptor (Siemens Co., Erlangen, Germany). Microscopic and immunohistological examinations of the tumors were performed after treatment, and cell proliferation rates of treated and untreated specimens were analyzed by cell cultures in 10 cases. HESW induce severe microscopic damage in the tumor tissue as complete rupture of the vessel walls and destruction of the tubular-formed tumor masses in the focal area. Immunohistochemistry shows intact immune reactive endothelial cells by factor 8-associated antibodies until the border to histological damage. Around this region a zone of negative antibody reaction against collagen type 4 is found. In cell cultures the proliferation rates of treated specimens were significantly lower compared to untreated. The human renal cell carcinoma seems to be susceptible for treatment with shock waves. HESW induce direct damage of tumor cells and vascular damage in the tumor which may be the primary cause of tumor necrosis.
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PMID:Treatment of human renal cell carcinoma with high-energy shock waves--a new in vivo/in vitro model. 757 Nov 74


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