Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.1.21 (thymidine kinase)
 7,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have utilized the Sanders salt fractionation technique (Sanders, M. M. (1978) J. Cell Biol. 79, 97-109) to analyze the products of micrococcal nuclease digestion of adult chicken erythrocyte nuclei. By dot-blot hybridization with specific gene probes, it is found that nucleosomes from the globin gene domain, including a region extending to about 10 kilobase pairs 5' to the beta p gene are selectively enriched in the fractions eluted at low salt. In contrast, a single copy sequence located at about 10 kilobase pairs 5' to the beta p gene was concentrated in the less salt-soluble fractions. The vitellogenin and ovalbumin genes, which are never expressed in erythroid tissues, are also concentrated in the less salt-soluble fractions. Some more generally expressed genes (histone H4, thymidine kinase) appear to be more uniformly distributed. The low salt fractions are depleted in H1/H5, enriched in high mobility group 14 and 17, and contain somewhat more highly acetylated histones.
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PMID:Differential salt fractionation of active and inactive genomic domains in chicken erythrocyte. 673 42

Intraperitoneal administration of a cadmium (Cd) salt at concentrations of 2.5 and 4.0 mg CdCl2/kg of body wt., caused time-dependent severe liver injury, in Quinster rats, more intense at the higher administered dose. Thymidine kinase, the key enzyme of the salvage pathway of DNA biosynthesis, was strongly affected in liver tissue and serum of cadmium-intoxicated rats. Lower thymidine kinase activity was observed both in liver and serum of rats treated with the higher dose of cadmium, in which the maximal liver injury appeared.
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PMID:Thymidine kinase activity in liver and serum of rats after cadmium administration. 814 May 85

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed using infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) primers made from a portion of the ILTV thymidine kinase gene. DNA from various ILTV field isolates, from the USDA challenge strain of ILTV, and from commercial ILTV vaccines was specifically amplified. No amplification occurred using template DNA from uninfected chicken-embryo liver cells (CELC), several nonavian alphaher-pesviruses, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Pasteurella hemolytica, Escherichia coli, a group I avian adenovirus, fowl poxvirus, or a psittacid herpesvirus. The 647-base pair-amplified ILTV PCR product was labeled to create a nonradioactive, biotinylated DNA probe. Hybridization using the probe detected ILTV DNA. Both PCR and hybridization yielded positive results with ILTV DNA but not with the DNA of other pathogens. Hybridization was specific for ILTV using a stringent salt solution for a 30-min wash step or a somewhat less stringent salt solution for a 60-min wash step. However, slight hybridization occurred with CELC DNA when the less stringent salt solution was used in a 30-min wash step.
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PMID:Development of a polymerase chain reaction and a nonradioactive DNA probe for infectious laryngotracheitis virus. 871 48

A simple and rapid capillary electrophoretic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of thymidylate (TMP) and thymidine 5'-diphosphate (TDP) in enzyme assays without using radioactive-labeled substrates. Prior to electrophoretic separation, addition of acetonitrile and sodium chloride to the assay solution and brief centrifugation are recommended for the purpose of sample cleanup and sample stacking. The separation of micromolar TMP and TDP from millimolar adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) was performed at 25 degrees C using sodium tetraborate as the background electrolyte. Under the optimal condition, a good separation with high efficiency was achieved in 6 min. Several parameters affecting the separation were studied, including the pH of electrolyte, the applied voltage, and acetonitrile-salt sample stacking. The fronting of the ATP peak resulting from the interference of magnesium ion in the enzyme assay buffer was suppressed by the addition of sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to the sample solution. Using deoxyadenylate as an internal standard, the linear range of the method was 5-200 microM, and the concentration limits of detection of TMP and TDP were 2.6 and 3.8 microM, respectively. Application of the proposed method for simultaneous determination of TMP and TDP in enzyme assays was demonstrated by the activity assays of thymidine kinase and thymidylate kinase from white spot syndrome virus. This is a sensitive, nonradioactive method for thymidine kinase and thymidylate kinase assays.
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PMID:Simultaneous determination of thymidylate and thymidine diphosphate by capillary electrophoresis as a rapid monitoring tool for thymidine kinase and thymidylate kinase activities. 1588 May 57

Sodium N-[(trimethylamineboryl)-carbonyl]-L-phenylalanine 2 and {N-[(trimethylamineboryl)-carbonyl]-L-phenylalanyl- carbxylato}-bis-{N-[(trimethylaminebryl)-carbonyl]-L-phenylalanine} dicopper (II) 3 were successfully synthesized. The agents blocked L(1210) leukemic cell DNA and RNA syntheses by inhibiting multiple enzyme activities for nucleic acid synthesis, e.g. PRPP amido transferase, IMP dehydrogenase, DNA polymerase alpha, thymidine kinase, and TMP kinase. The copper (II) complex 3 demonstrated improved ability to inhibit L(1210) partially purified DNA topoisomerase II compared to the parent compound while the sodium salt was inactive at 100 muM.
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PMID:The Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of the Sodium Salt and Copper (II) Complex of N-[(Trimethylamineboryl)-Carbonyl]-L-Phenylalanine Methyl Ester. 1847 18

Bicyclic aryl furano pyrimidines represent the most potent anti-varicella zoster virus (VZV) agents reported to date. Lead compounds have 50% effective concentration (EC(50)) values in vitro that are in the subnanomolar range and selectivity index values that exceed 1 million. They have an absolute requirement for VZV thymidine kinase and most likely act as their phosphate forms. Some structural modification (such as aryl substitution in the base moiety) is tolerated, whereas little sugar modification is acceptable. The Cf1743 compound has proved to be significantly more potent than all reference anti-VZV compounds, as measured either by inhibition of infectious virus particles and/or viral DNA production; however, the high lipophilicity and very low water solubility of this compound gives poor oral bioavailability (<14%). Use of the modified cyclodextrin captisol and the synthesis of the 5'-monophosphate prodrug of Cf1743 has significantly improved water solubility, but does not give any enhancement in oral bioavailability. By contrast, the synthesis of the ether series does not give any further improvement in terms of solubility. The most promising prodrug to emerge to date is the hydrochloric salt of the 5'-valyl-ester, designated as FV-100. Its uptake into cells has been studied using fluorescent microscopy and biological assays, which have indicated that the compound is efficiently taken up by the cells after a short period of incubation.
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PMID:FV-100: the most potent and selective anti-varicella zoster virus agent reported to date. 2005 98


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