Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.1.1 (hexokinase)
 5,274 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We isolated two allelic mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana that showed an early senescence phenotype under light/dark and continuous dark photo regimes, and designated the mutant hypersenescence1 (hys1). The hys1 mutants decreased chlorophyll and protein content, lowered the efficiency of photosystem II, and accumulated several senescence upregulated gene transcripts earlier than the wild-type plants. In addition to these senescence features, the hys1 seedlings responded more intensely to exogenously applied sugars than did wild-type seedlings in sugar-induced growth inhibition and sugar-mediated transcript accumulation, both of which are known to be regulated by the sugar sensor hexokinase. The hys1 mutant also had abnormal trichomes. Map-based cloning of the HYS1 gene identified a novel gene that encodes a protein with a potential nuclear localization signal in the amino-terminal region, and five putative transmembrane domains in the carboxyl-terminal region. Furthermore, we found that the constitutive expressor of pathogenesis-related genes 5 (cpr5) mutant, which shows spontaneous pathogen-defence responses and abnormal trichomes, has a point mutation in the HYS1 gene, suggesting that these independently isolated mutants are allelic to each other. Although no definite conclusion can be drawn from these results, we suggest that altered sensitivity to sugars and/or enhanced efficiency of sugar signalling in the hys1/cpr5 mutant may have important roles in the initiation processes of leaf senescence and pathogen-defence responses in Arabidopsis.
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PMID:Identification of a novel gene HYS1/CPR5 that has a repressive role in the induction of leaf senescence and pathogen-defence responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. 1184 76

In this study, we investigated the genome-wide gene expression profiles in the liver tissue of diabetic rats before and after RS treatment. The microarray-based analysis revealed that a total of 173 genes were up-regulated and 197 genes were down-regulated in response to RS treatment. These genes were mainly related to glucose metabolism (e.g., hexokinase, pyruvate kinase and phosphotransferase etc.), and lipid metabolism (e.g., carnitine palmitoyl transfer 1, fatty acid transporter, beta hydroxyl butyric dehydrogenase etc.). Cluster analysis results showed that the up/down-regulated genes were highly responsive to RS treatment, and were considered to be directly or indirectly associated with reducing plasma glucose and body fat. To interpret the mechanism of RS regulation at the molecular level, a novel gene network was constructed based on 370 up/down-regulated genes coupled with 718 known diabetes-related genes. The topology of the network showed the characteristics of small-world and scale-free network, with some pathways demonstrating a high degree. Forkhead class A signaling pathway, with a degree of 8, was analyzed and was found to have an effect mainly on glucose and lipid metabolism processes. The results indicate that RS can suppress the development of type 2 diabetes in the STZ rat model through modulating the expression of multiple genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. The potential application of this novel gene network is also discussed.
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PMID:A novel gene network analysis in liver tissues of diabetic rats in response to resistant starch treatment. 2578 10