Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.1.1 (hexokinase)
 5,274 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells were isolated from adult rat liver that had been fully regenerated after a 70% partial hepatectomy. The characteristics of the parenchymal cell preparations from regenerated rat liver indicated that they were a homogeneous population and comparable with parenchymal cells isolated from intact liver. The parenchymal cells from regenerated adult rat liver contain glucokinase, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase type I and aldolase B. The non-parenchymal cells contain hexokinase, pyruvate kinase type III and aldolase B. When cells were isolated at different times of the day from rats on controlled feeding schedules, variation of tyrosine aminotransferase activity and liver glycogen content were observed in the parenchymal cells in keeping with the reported diurnal oscillations found in whole liver extracts. When parenchymal cells were isolated from rats 48 and 72h after partial hepatectomy, different isoenzyme patterns were observed. These cells appeared to synthesize pyruvate kinase type III, a function that was assigned previously to non-parenchymal cells or to foetal rat liver hepatocytes.
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PMID:Isoenzyme patterns in parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells isolated from regenerating and regenerated rat liver. 415 Jun 53

The influence of dexamethasone on the isozyme patterns of ATP-hexose phosphotransferases, aldolase and pyruvate kinase of adult rat hepatocytes maintained in primary cultures has been studied. A progressive loss of the typical adult liver isozymes glucokinase, pyruvate kinase L and aldolase B, with a simultaneous increase of both pyruvate kinase A and hexokinase activities, was observed in hepatocytes cultured in the absence of added glucocorticoid. When the culture medium was supplemented with 10(-7)M dexamethasone, the adult liver patterns of pyruvate kinase and aldolase were preserved for at least seven days of culture, the initial level of glucokinase was maintained for three days, and the rise of hexokinase activity was delayed and partially blocked. These results are discussed in relation to the known beneficial effect of glucocorticoids on the survival of cultured hepatocytes.
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PMID:Effect of dexamethasone on the isozyme pattern of adult rat liver parenchymal cells in primary cultures. 711 Jan 29

Cancer cells with a high glycolytic rate have an advantage in tumor growth. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often exhibits an aberrant expression of glycolytic enzymes, particularly type II hexokinase (HKII) and aldolase B (ALDOB). This study examined the aberrant expression of HKII and ALDOB in 203 surgically resected HCCs. A dramatic down-regulation of ALDOB was found in 116 HCCs (57%), while 43% of HCCs maintained the expression. HKII mRNA was overexpressed in 70 (35%) primary HCCs. The ALDOB down-regulation and HKII overexpression correlated with high-grade (grade II-IV) HCC (all ps<0.0001), portal vein invasion (stage IIIB-IV) (ps<1x10(-6)), early tumor recurrence (ETR) (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively) and a lower 5-year survival (p=0.000001 and p=0.0062, respectively). Notably, in stage II HCC which had no vascular invasion, the ALDOB down-regulation was associated with ETR (p<0.05) and a lower 5-year survival (p=0.015). The down-regulation of ALDOB correlated with a high AFP (p=1x10(-8)), whereas the overexpression of HKII, which has two functional motifs for the mutant p53, correlated with the p53 mutation, p<0.01. The three factors (ALDOB down-regulation, HKII overexpression and p53 mutation) not only correlated with tumor progression, but also interacted with one another, leading to a more aggressive HCC with a portal vein invasion and various extent of intrahepatic metastasis by more than four-fold (ps<1x10(-6)) and frequent ETR by more than two-fold (ps<0.0001) compared with HCCs without the events. In conclusion, the aberrant expression of ALDOB and HKII is associated with advanced disease, ETR and poor prognosis, and ALDOB down-regulation in stage II HCC is a predictive marker of ETR and an unfavorable outcome.
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PMID:Aberrant expression of the glycolytic enzymes aldolase B and type II hexokinase in hepatocellular carcinoma are predictive markers for advanced stage, early recurrence and poor prognosis. 1835 95