Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:2.7.1.1 (hexokinase)
5,274 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The specific activities of erythrocyte membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7.) and soluble hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1.) in vitamin E deficient and vitamin E sufficient rabbits were investigated. 2. Acetylcholinesterase specific activities values of 43.4 in deficient and 57.4 in sufficient vitamin E rabbits were obtained. Hexokinase specific activity was not modified, and values of 3.31 in deficient and 3.6 in controls were found. 3. No peroxidation process was detected by us on vitamin E deficient diets. 4. These observations would suggest that the membrane stabilizing effect of vitamin E may be accomplished by a mode of action not necessarily related to its ability to prevent lipid peroxidation.
...
PMID:Erythrocyte membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase in vitamin E deficient rabbits. 168 4

The effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation upon macrophage metabolism and function was examined in aged rats fed a balanced or a polyunsaturated-rich diet. The following parameters were studied: number of cells in the intraperitoneal cavity, maximal activity of hexokinase, citrate synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase and phosphate-dependent glutaminase. The consumption of glucose and the production of lactate, hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric reactive substances were measured in control ONCO-BCG injected rats. The results indicated that vitamin E has no significant effect on the values of the parameters studied in the macrophages of rats fed a balanced diet both for 3 (mature) or 17 months (aged). This antioxidant did not provoke any response on the changes caused by ageing the animals. However, several of the metabolic and functional alterations in macrophage induced by the polyunsaturated-rich diets were reversed by the inclusion of vitamin E in the diet. These changes were associated with macrophage migration capacity, citrate synthase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and the content of lipid peroxides. The findings suggest that vitamin E has a beneficial effect for macrophage metabolism and function, but the effects are confined to particular circumstances.
...
PMID:Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation on macrophage metabolism during ageing. Study in rats fed fat-rich diets during ageing. 784 17

Rabbit red blood cell hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) has been shown to be inactivated in vitro by incubating intact erythrocytes in the presence of an oxygen-radical-generating system represented by ascorbate and iron. It was interesting to note that among the glycolytic enzymes, only hexokinase was found to be susceptible to the action of oxygen radicals, suggesting that the loss of activity of this enzyme may be one of the first signals of cellular damage in rabbit red blood cells. This statement is supported by the fact that, under the experimental conditions used, we did not observe any significant plasma membrane lipid peroxidation nor intracellular proteolysis. Furthermore, mature erythrocytes are unable to synthesize hexokinase as well as other proteins de novo; therefore, the inactivation of this enzyme, which is both the first and one of the rate-limiting enzymes of the glycolytic pathway, could play an important role in determining metabolic impairment of red blood cells, with possible physiological implications. We also investigated the effect of various radical scavengers and antioxidants (glucose, vitamin E, dithiothreitol, flavonoids) which are able to influence the inactivation of hexokinase activity to different extents. Finally, under the experimental conditions used (90 min of incubation at 37 degrees C), we did not observe any difference in the hemolysis of rabbit red blood cells incubated in the presence or absence of ascorbate and iron (hemolysis was about 1% after 90 min of incubation), suggesting that the system used was able to furnish information about the cellular damage produced by oxygen radicals without provoking cell lysis.
...
PMID:Inactivation of rabbit red blood cell hexokinase activity promoted in vitro by an oxygen-radical-generating system. 818 13

The effect of vitamin E (VE) or diazepam (DZ) pretreatment on some carbohydrate metabolic aspects in the brains of stressed rats was studied. DZ and VE were given i.p. at doses of 5 mg/kg body wt for 6 days prior to subjecting the animals to single swimming stress (SSS). Pretreatment of the rats with DZ or VE diminished the stress-induced increases in plasma corticosterone and glucose levels and reversed the decrease due to stress on brain ATP, glucose, glycogen and pyruvate contents. The increase in brain ADP and lactate was brought back to levels which approached the pre-stressed values. Moreover, DZ and VE pretreatments helped in attenuating the stress-induced alteration in brain mitochondrial and cytosolic hexokinase as well as sodium, potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K(+)-ATPase) activities. The change in these metabolic parameters produced by VE pre-treatment was less than that exhibited by DZ. The effects of VE were explained in light of its antioxidant property in preventing the free radical production and lipid peroxide formation which are important factors in the pathogenesis of stress.
...
PMID:Effect of pretreatment with vitamin E or diazepam on brain metabolism of stressed rats. 839 75

The effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) and vitamin E on the alterations in glucose metabolism induced by perchloroethylene (PER) was studied in mice. Oral administration of PER (3 g kg-1 body wt. day-1) in sesame oil for 15 days caused a significant increase in liver weight, degeneration/necrosis of hepatocytes and increase in kidney weight, glomerular nephrosis and degeneration. These changes occurred concurrently with a significant decrease in blood glucose level, elevated activities of hexokinase, aldolase and phosphoglucoisomerase and decreased activity of gluconeogenic enzymes (glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-diphosphatase), indicating the sensitivity of liver and kidney as target tissues in PER toxicity. Evidence is presented that both 2DG (500 mg kg-1 body wt. day-1 i.p.) and vitamin E (400 mg kg-1 body wt. day-1 by oral gavage) during concomitant administration prevented most of the above PER-induced biochemical and pathological alterations. These results suggest that early metabolic and pathological perturbations following exposure of PER in mice can provide the basis for its documented potential for chronic effects like cytotoxicity and may be involved in modulation of carcinogenicity.
...
PMID:Perchloroethylene-induced alterations in glucose metabolism and their prevention by 2-deoxy-D-glucose and vitamin E in mice. 885 21

The major goal of this study was to examine the ability of several antioxidants namely, vitamin E, beta-carotene and N-acetylcysteine, to protect the brain from oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin). LPS, a component of the bacterial wall of gram-negative bacteria, has been recognized as one of the most potent bacterial products in the induction of host inflammatory responses and tissue injury and was used in this study to mimic infections. LPS injection resulted in a significant increase in the stress indices, plasma corticosterone and glucose concentration, a significant alteration of the brain oxidative status observed as elevation of the level of malondialdehyde (MDA, index of lipid peroxidation) and reduction of reduced glutathione (GSH), and a disturbance in the brain energy metabolism presented as a reduction in the ATP/ADP ratio and an increase in the mitochondrial/cytosolic hexokinase ratio. However, the activities of brain superoxide dismutase and Na+, K+-ATPase and contents of cholesterol and phospholipids were not altered. Administration of the aforementioned antioxidants prior to LPS injection ameliorated the oxidative stress by reducing levels of MDA, restoring GSH content and normalizing the mitochondrial/cytosolic hexokinase ratio in the brain in addition to lowering levels of plasma corticosterone and glucose. In conclusion, this study showed the increased free radical generation during infections and LPS-induced stress. It also suggests that brain oxidative status and energy is disturbed.
...
PMID:Protective effect of vitamin E, beta-carotene and N-acetylcysteine from the brain oxidative stress induced in rats by lipopolysaccharide. 1133 Dec 2

The present study was carried out to assess the influence of sesame oil on blood glucose, lipid peroxidation, and status of antioxidants in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in adult female albino Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g by administration of STZ (40 mg/kg of body weight) intraperitonially. Both normal and diabetic rats were fed with a commercial diet containing 2% oil supplemented with 6% sesame oil for 42 days. Diabetic rats had elevated levels of blood glucose (322.61 +/- 9.49 mg/dL), glycosylated hemoglobin, vitamin E, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and lipid hydroperoxides and decreased levels of hemoglobin, vitamin C, and reduced glutathione (GSH). An increase in glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activities and a decrease in hexokinase activity were observed in liver and kidney tissues. When diabetic rats fed with sesame oil were compared with diabetic rats, a significant reduction in levels of blood glucose (222.02 +/- 8.27 mg/dL), glycosylated hemoglobin, TBARS, and lipid hydroperoxides and glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activities and an elevation in hemoglobin, vitamin E, and GSH levels and hexokinase activity were observed. Thus, sesame oil consumption influences beneficially the blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant levels in diabetic rats.
...
PMID:Influence of sesame oil on blood glucose, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant status in streptozotocin diabetic rats. 1617 50

The effect of groundnut oil on blood glucose, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant status in streptozotocin-diabetic rats was investigated and compared with diabetic and drug-treated rats. Diabetes was induced in adult female Wistar rats by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg b-wt). Normal and diabetic rats were fed an oil-free diet containing 2 percent oil supplemented with groundnut oil (6g per 94 g diet), to give 8 percent oil content, for 42 days. Diabetic rats had elevated levels of glucose (322.61 +/- 9.49), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)), vitamin E, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and lipid hydroperoxides (HP) and decreased levels of hemoglobin (Hb), vitamin C, and reduced glutathione (GSH). An increase in the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and a decrease in hexokinase activity also were observed in the liver and kidney. When diabetic rats were fed groundnut oil, a significant reduction in glucose (244.04 +/- 11.66), HbA(1c), TBARS, HP levels, and glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activities and an elevation in Hb, vitamin E, GSH levels, and hexokinase activity were observed. Diabetic rats had elevated total cholesterol (TC), VLDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) and decreased HDL-cholesterol. Diabetic rats fed groundnut oil showed a small but significant reduction in TC, VLDL-C, LDL-C, and TG and an elevation in HDL-C. Groundnut oil consumption slightly but significantly decreases the blood glucose, HbA(1c), lipid peroxidation, and lipid profile and increases antioxidant levels in diabetic rats.
...
PMID:Effect of dietary substitution of groundnut oil on blood glucose, lipid profile, and redox status in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. 1787 71

Diet and nutrition have substantial impact on reducing the incidence of diabetes mellitus, where oxidative stress is an important etiopathological factor. The combined protective role of low dose of naringin (15 mg kg(-1)) and vitamin C (25 mg kg(-1)) and high dose of naringin (30 mg kg(-1)) and vitamin C (50 mg kg(-1)) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced toxicity was studied in male Wistar rats. To induce type II diabetes mellitus, rats were injected with STZ intraperitoneally at a dose of 45 mg kg(-1) body weight. STZ-induced diabetic rats showed significant increase in blood glucose, water intake, food intake and glycated hemoglobin and significant decrease in plasma insulin, total hemoglobin, body weight and liver glycogen. Diabetic rats also showed significant decrease in the activity of hexokinase and significant increase in the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in liver and kidney. The levels of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides and vitamin E were elevated while the level of reduced glutathione was decreased in diabetic rats. Glycoprotein components such as hexose, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid were increased in plasma, liver and kidney of diabetic rats. Oral administration of high doses of naringin (30 mg kg(-1)) and vitamin C (50 mg kg(-1)) to diabetic rats for a period of 21 days normalized all the above-mentioned biochemical parameters. The effect exerted by naringin (30 mg kg(-1)) and vitamin C (50 mg kg(-1)) was similar to the effect exerted by insulin (6 units kg(-1)). Thus, our study shows the antihyperglycemic and antioxidant effects of naringin and vitamin C in STZ-induced type II diabetes mellitus in rats.
...
PMID:Combined treatment with naringin and vitamin C ameliorates streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male Wistar rats. 1834 97

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of aqueous seed extract of Tephrosia purpurea (TpASet) on blood glucose and antioxidant status in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hyperglycemia associated with an altered hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities, elevated lipid peroxidation, disturbed enzymatic [Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)] and non enzymatic [Glutathione, vitamin C and vitamin E] antioxidant status were observed in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of "TpASet" at a dose of 600 mg/kg body weight showed significant improvement in above mentioned parameters. Our results clearly indicate that "TpASet" has potent antihyperglycemic and antioxidant effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and therefore further studies are warranted to isolate and characterize the bioactive principles from "TpASet".
...
PMID:Effects of Tephrosia purpurea aqueous seed extract on blood glucose and antioxidant enzyme activities in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. 2016 45


1 2 Next >>

---