Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

150-200 g heavy, Walker-carcinoma bearing, male Sprague-Dawley-rats showed rapid, tumour weight dependent, loss of liver glycogen until complete depletion in tumour groups heavier than 40 g/animal. Simultaneously the glycogen mobilization after massive glucagon stimulation, was successivly diminished and finally abolished in different groups with increasing tumor weight. Concomitantly the spontaneous and stimulated activity of liver phosphorylase a was found markedly reduced in advanced tumour cachexia, the extent of stimulation of liver phosphorylase a activity by intracardial injections of epinephrine not being altered. Tumour induced inhibition of glycogen mobilization thus appears to have been excluded. To account for the relative late pronounced hypoglycemia in peripherial rat blood in face of the early loss of liver glycogen, accelerated gluconeogenesis has been postulated. In accord with this spontaneous rise in liver tyrosine amino transferase was found in tumour bearing rats along with a doubled maximal stimulation value after medrol injection as compared to control groups. This behavior could not be shown for liver alanine aminotransferase and liver fructose 1,6-di-phosphatase. The former showed no differences between control and tumour groups neither of spontaneous nor of stimulated activity. The latter showed only a very reluctant rise after massive stimulation by triamcinolone for 3 days in the control groups, the tumour bearing groups showing no deviation from spontaneous control values.
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PMID:[Biochemical investigations of cancer cachexia. II. Depletion of glycogenolysis and stimulation of gluconeogenesis in Walker carcinoma 256 bearing rats (author's transl)]. 0 45

Gamma-GT, alcaline phosphatase and other parameters of abnormal liver functions were estimated in 54 consecutive in-patients having active RA but without a previous history or clinical signs of liver disease, and compared with a matched control group, suffering from degenerative rheumatic disease. There was a slight to moderate elevation of gamma-GT in 40.4% of the RA-patients (mean value 27.2 IU/l) and in 32.1% (mean value 22.3 IU/l) of the control group, respectively. The difference was not significant. Abnormal values in the control group occurred mainly in patients with peri-arthropathia of the shoulder, before mobilisation under anaethetic (3 of 5) and - coxarthrosis before total hip replacement (4 of 12). Alkaline phosphatase was elevated in 25.9% of the RA-patients (mean value 41.3 +/- 21.9 IU/l) and in 14.8% of the control group (mean value 34.3 +/- 15.9 IU/l). The difference was significant. There was a correlation between gamma-GT and alcaline phosphatase in the RA-group (r = 0.549, p less than 0.001) but not in the control group (r = 0.102). Abnormal values found in the control group were mainly found among patients with osteoporosis, following fractures, and coxarthrosis. The frequency of abnormal results and the value of the means increased with raising disease activity. Two groups of 30 and 32 patients, respectively, were examined at intervals of 2 or 4 weeks over a period of 6-10 and 18 months, respectively, and showed temporary elevations os gamma-GT in 3/4 of all patients, of GOT in 2/3 of alcaline phosphatase in 1/2 and of GPT in 1/3. Compared with other parameters of liver disease gamma-GT did not react in a different but in a more sensitive way. In our opinion it is the most sensitive indicator of reactive changes of the liver in RA.
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PMID:[Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in chronic polyarthritis. I. Comparison with a control group and relationship with alkaline phosphatase]. 1 55

Enzyme activity of lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate-oxalacetate and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, creatine phosphokinase, cholinesterase, alkaline, acid and prostatic phosphatase and aldolase has been studied in a total of 213 subjects, of whom 97 were of good health, 63 had bone tumors and 53 suffered from osteomyelitis. The activities of the majority of the enzymes were found to become significantly changed in comparison with the norm. In both patient groups, the more striking differences being noted in that of osteomyelitis. However, enzymatic activity alone does not allow to differentiate the group of bone tumors from that of osteomyelitis, the differences between these two groups not being of significance in any one of the enzymes followed.
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PMID:Serum enzyme activity in bone tumors and osteomyelitis (LDH, GOT, GPT, CPK, CHE, ALP, AP, PP, ALD). 19 May 48

In 40 manic-depressive patients under lithium prophylaxis the time course of the following variables has been studied over a period of 3 years (retrospective investigation): Diff. blood smear, hemoglobine, leucocytes, electrolytes in serum, electrophoresis, GPT, GOT, alcaline phosphatase, creatinine and urea in serum. Appr. 1000 blood samples were evaluated. The issue of additional psychotropic medication has been given special consideration.
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PMID:Time course of clinical-chemical parameters under long-term lithium treatment. 46 48

Investigations were performed to evaluate the activities of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and lactate-dehydrogenase enzymes in rats intoxicated by different doses of carbon disulfide. Serum GOT and GPT activities were elevated which may be due to CS2 effect on cell membrane permeability. Serum-alkaline-phosphatase activity showed also increment, which was again attributed to the liver affection. A significant rise in serum-lactate-dehydrogenase activity which was referred to be as a result of muscle-lactate dehydrogenase release into the blood circulation.
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PMID:Serum enzyme changes associated with carbon disulfide hepatotoxicity in experimental animals. 60 28

In 30 dogs, weighing 20 to 30 kg, the common bile duct was ligated. Pre- and postoperative bilirubin, GOT, GPT and alc. phosphatase were controlled. Eight days later a longitudinal incision was made across the stenosed segment, which was then widened with a patch. 15 dogs received a Teflon patch - 15 other dogs a Solcograft pathch. After patch-widening-plasty laboratory parameters returned to normal within a few days. X-ray controls could not find any stenosis two years after Teflon-patch-plasty, while after Solcograft-patch-plasty four dogs showed a common bile duct-stenosis within the first following year. Four weeks after Teflon-patch-plasty the patch was covered with bile duct epithelium inside. After Solcograft-patch-plasty within the first postoperative year no epithelization could be observed.
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PMID:[Patch widening technic of benign bile duct stenosis in dogs using teflon and Solco grafts]. 75 84

Dogs (20 kg body weight) were laparotomized and the choledochous duct was ligated. Pre- and postoperative laboratory-parameters such as bilirubin, GOT, GPT, and alcaline phosphatase were controlled. Then, 8 days later, a patch-widening-plasty was performed after incision of the stenosis in 10 dogs. In the 10 other dogs the stenosis was resected and the defect was bridged over with a Teflon prosthesis. A few days later laboratory parameters became normal. Histologic investigation showed that after 4 weeks the Teflon prosthesis was covered with a bile duct-epithelial layer. In one of 3 patients with normal laboratory findings who have a Teflon patch, the operation took place 2 years ago.
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PMID:[Use of alloplastic material on the extrahepatic bile ducts]. 99 86

Effect of ethanol on functional activity of isolated perfused rat liver was studied (rate of O2 utilization, absorption of bromosulpholeine from perfusate, bile formation); total activity and activity in supernatant of nine marker enzymes were also determined (malate dehydrogenase, beta-glucuronidase, arylsulphatases A and B, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase, acetylesterase, glucoso-6-phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase). Activity of the enzymes was simultaneously studied in perfusate. Ethanol (0.5%) caused distinct impairement in functional activity of isolated liver; rate of bile formation and absorption of bromosulpholeine from perfusate were primarily altered. Degree of impairements in functional activity of liver tissue correlated with the concentration of ethanol in perfusate. In analysis of correlation between the total activity of the enzymes in liver tissue and their activity in supernatants and perfusate it was shown that the concentration (1%) of ethanol used did not produce damaye effect on plasma membranes and membranes of subcellular structures of hepatocytes, but, within certain limits, it displayed a stabilizing effect.
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PMID:[Effect of ethanol on stability of cell membranes in experiments using isolated liver]. 121 Jan 8

Thioacetamide (100 mg/kg), when administered to normal rats, caused a significant increase in the activities of 5'-nucleotidase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and a decrease in the activities of glucose 6-phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase enzymes in the liver. DNA, RNA, and proteins were increased while the cytochrome P450 in the microsomal fraction and the glycogen content in the liver were decreased significantly. Elevations in the activities of GOT, GPT, and alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin content in serum were also observed. Picroliv, a standardised glycoside fraction of Picrorhiza kurroa, in doses of 12.5 and 25 mg/kg prevented most of the biochemical changes induced by thioacetamide in liver and serum. The hepatoprotective activity of Picroliv was comparable with that of silymarin, a known hepatoprotective agent obtained from seeds of Silybum marianum.
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PMID:Picroliv affords protection against thioacetamide-induced hepatic damage in rats. 206 53

We report the results of a long-term follow-up of 40/101 patients with benign biliary strictures treated with percutaneous balloon dilatation (PBD) at the Radiology Department of the University of Turin, from March 1983 to March 1990. We excluded all the patients who were not followed or treated after June 1988, being their follow-up shorter than 18 months. All patients underwent accurate clinical, biological (AST, ALT, gammaGT, alcaline phosphatase) and US controls. Mean follow-up was 33.5 months. Mean success rate was 75% in strictures of bilioenteric anastomosis, 86% in iatrogenic strictures of the common bile duct, 65% in sclerosing cholangitis, 80% in papillary strictures in which endoscopic treatment had not been possible for anatomical reasons. Our results, compared to the most important radiological and surgical series, show PBD to have lower morbidity than surgery and no mortality during the so-called peroperative period (30 days). Moreover, in case of recurrences, PBD can be repeated without further complications and does not affect eventual surgery.
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PMID:[Percutaneous transhepatic bilioplasty: long-term results]. 224 38


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