Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 77-year-old male presented at our Department of Urology in August 1990 with a gradually enlarging swelling in the right scrotum. On August 21, right high orchietomy was performed. This was diagnosed histologically as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (diffuse large cell type), and the patient was transferred to our department on September 11 for further examination and treatment. As enlargement of the lymph nodes around the abdominal aorta was evident, it was diagnosed as stage IIA according to the Ann Arbor Classification. Beginning on September 21, three courses of COP-BLAM therapy (CPM, VCR, PDN, BLM, ADR, PCZ) were administered (the third course started on November 8) to achieve complete remission. Hepatic dysfunction appeared, however, from November 16, and by November 19, GOT and GPT increased to 6700 and 2120, respectively, with aggravation of jaundice. PDN therapy was instituted, and GOT and GPT improved gradually, but jaundice did not improve. On December 22, laparoscopy was performed, and liver biopsy produced histologic findings of drug-induced hepatitis. Further, lymphoblastic response was positive for CPM. Hepatic failure occurred on December 29, and plasma exchange was performed, but it failed to improve the condition, and the patient died on January 15. We described a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma complicated by hepatic dysfunction, probably induced by CPM, in an elderly patient who died to hepatic failure.
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PMID:[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in an elderly patient complicated by cyclophosphamide-induced allergic hepatic dysfunction]. 143 65

The results of 25 percutaneous biopsies of the liver from 24 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are reported. In all cases, the value of their serum biochemistry (LDH, GOT, GPT and/or alkaline phosphatase) was abnormal and sufficient tissue material was biopsied to obtain a histopathological evaluation. Specimens from five ultrasonically suspected lymphoma of the liver showed tumor involvement histopathologically. Diffuse tumor involvement was also histologically found in three ultrasonically unsuspected livers. Six liver specimens showed degenerative and/or fibrotic change in the new and previously treated patients.
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PMID:Percutaneous histopathologic evaluation of liver in treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 306 33

Five children, ages 2.5 to 12 years (mean 6.2 years), with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were given 22 courses of high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) therapy (6-8 g/m2/24 h). No serious clinical complications were encountered, but stomatitis occurred after three (14%) of the courses. First-phase elimination half-lives (t1/2(alpha)) of MTX and 7-hydroxy-methotrexate (7-OH-MTX) after 21 infusions were 2.7 +/- 0.4 h and 6.5 +/- 1.8 h (mean +/- SD). In one course (4.5%) there was delayed systemic MTX elimination, with first-phase elimination half-lives (t1/2(alpha] for MTX and 7-OH-MTX of 4.2 and 9.9 h, respectively, and second-phase elimination half-lives (t1/2(beta)) of 43 and 58 h. Significant decreases in white blood cell count, increases in serum creatinine, and increases in alanine aminotransferase and/or aspartate aminotransferase during the first 2-6 days were present in five (23%), three (14%), and six (27%) of the courses, respectively. The regimen was tolerated well by the children.
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PMID:High-dose methotrexate therapy (6-8 g/m2) in childhood malignancies: clinical tolerability and pharmacokinetics. 315 11

An 87-year-old woman, who had been suffering from hypothyroidism and had been treated as an outpatient at our department since 1982, noticed left cervical swelling toward the end of November 1992. Because ultrasonic examination revealed a mass in her thyroid gland, she was admitted for a closer examination and additional treatment. Biopsy of thyroid gland revealed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL; the diffuse small cell type, B-cell origin). A part from the swelling of thyroid gland and the left cervical lymph node, performance of various examinations did not detected any other NHL lesions. Therefore, it was classified as stage II NHL according to the Ann Arbor classification. Laboratory data on admission were as follows; WBC 4,400/microliters, Hb 13.6 g/dl, platelet count 10.1 x 10(4)/microliters, GOT 51 IU/l, GPT 31 IU/l, TSH 1.17, free-T4 1.03, free-T3 2.04, and microsome test 1,600 x. Those data indicated marked hypothyroidism. In addition, stage IIa and IIc gastric cancers were detected by the examination with gastric endoscopy performed for stage classification. Both were adenocarcinomas. Because polyps were found in her sigmoid colon with colonoscopy, polypectomy was performed. The polyps were diagnose histologically as moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. On July 20, COP-BLAM therapy was started (CPM 600 mg div, VCR 1.2 mg iv, ADR 30 mg iv on day 1, PDN 40 mg p.o and PCZ 100 mg p.o. on days 1-10, BLM 7.5 mg div on day 14). Subsequently, the left cervical lymph node swelling disappeared, and shrinkage of the mass in the thyroid gland was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of elderly Hashimoto disease presenting malignant lymphoma, gastric cancer and colon cancer]. 829 59

The pathophysiologic significance of proteasomes in hematologic malignancies was examined by comparison of the proteasome levels in normal subjects and patients with benign liver diseases. The serum proteasome level measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was found to be positively correlated with the tumor burden of the patients with hematologic malignancies such as acute leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and myeloma. Immunohistochemical staining showed that proteasomes were strongly expressed in these tumor cells, especially in the nuclei. These data suggest that the elevated levels of serum proteasomes in these patients are derived from tumor cells, reflect the tumor burden, and so provide prognostic information. However, in patients with benign liver diseases, serum proteasome levels correlated with serum alanine aminotransferase activities, suggesting that in hematologic malignancies associated with liver injury some of the serum proteasomes may originate from hepatocytes. The marked production of proteasomes by malignant blood cells may be involved in transformation and proliferation of these cells.
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PMID:Serum concentration and localization in tumor cells of proteasomes in patients with hematologic malignancy and their pathophysiologic significance. 838 42

We describe nine asymptomatic chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus, four males and five females, with a mean age of forty-six years and all were Chinese, who developed exacerbation of hepatitis following chemotherapy for haematological malignancies. Seven patients had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of whom three were treated with MACOP-B, two with BCEPP, one with PROMACE-CYTABOM and one with CHOP. Two patients had acute myeloid leukaemia and were treated with daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside. Exacerbation of hepatitis occurred between one to four weeks following the last course of chemotherapy in eight patients. Two patients developed exacerbation of hepatitis when the dosage of prednisolone was reduced after they had ten weeks of high dose prednisolone. The outcome was fatal in six patients; all of whom developed hepatic encephalopathy. In four of these patients, alanine transaminase levels exceeded 1000 iu/l. Cytotoxic and immunosuppressive therapy permit enhanced viral replication. Withdrawal of the drugs results in partial restoration of immunocompetence and leads to rapid destruction of hepatocytes with consequent hepatic necrosis. Hence, patients who are hepatitis B virus carriers undergoing chemotherapy should be closely monitored. The fatal outcome of reactivation of chronic hepatitis B virus warrants prospective trials addressing preventive measures.
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PMID:Exacerbation of hepatitis in hepatitis B carriers following chemotherapy for haematological malignancies. 889 18

We examined 111 patients with acute type- or lymphoma type-adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and compared them with 106 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). In addition to skin involvement and hypercalcemia which are already known to be frequent in ATL, ATL patients showed an higher incidence of hepatic involvement. There was more frequent palpable hepatomegaly, higher total bilirubin, GOT, GPT, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase values in ATL than in NHL patients (p < 0.0001). Among 36 autopsied liver samples, invasion of ATL cells was confirmed in 22 cases. ATL patients with impaired hepatic function showed shorter survival times than patients without hepatic dysfunction. Moreover, ATL patients showed a worse performance status (PS), a higher incidence of lytic bone lesions, lower total protein (TP) and serum albumin levels than NHL patients. This invasive characters of ATL cells and consequent impaired general condition seemed to be factors affecting the poor prognosis recorded in ATL.
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PMID:Frequent hepatic involvement in adult T cell leukemia: comparison with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 932 95

Chronic carriers of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, who are treated for malignant lymphoma, are at high risk of mortality from reactivated HBV infection. We report a case of a 29-year-old male chronic HBV carrier who developed fulminant reactivated HBV infection following intensive chemotherapy for stage IVB large cell B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with extensive central nervous system and bone marrow involvement. Prior to chemotherapy the patient had normal liver function tests and was negative for HBV DNA by semiquantitative PCR assay. Fulminant HBV reactivation was confirmed following clinical deterioration, massive rises in hepatic transaminases (peak alanine aminotransferase = 2,850 U/l), liver biopsy and rising levels of serum HBV DNA. Following treatment with lamivudine 150 mg bd for 18 weeks dramatic and sustained recovery ensued. Symptoms and liver function tests improved within days and HBV DNA became negative within 12 weeks. Our patient later died from relapsed lymphoma but without evidence of reactivated HBV infection. We advise that lamivudine should be considered during intensive chemotherapy treatment of chronic carriers of HBV.
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PMID:Successful treatment with lamivudine for fulminant reactivated hepatitis B infection following intensive therapy for high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1037 Jul 95

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with immune-complex mediated disorders, including Type II mixed cryoglobulinaemia. Mixed cryoglobulinaemia is itself a low-grade B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder which may progress to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Studies from Europe and Asia have found a prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients as high as 34%. Other viral infections are also associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We speculated that non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients in the midwestern USA would have an increased prevalence of hepatitis C infection. We tested 73 patients with NHL and 20 controls with Hodgkin's disease for anti-HCV antibodies by EIA-2. Only 1/73 patients and no control subject was positive for anti-HCV. The anti-HCV positive patient had no identifiable risk factors for hepatitis C, and ALT was persistently normal. HCV-RNA testing by RT-PCR was negative. Thus, none of 73 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients could be confirmed to have hepatitis C infection. In a second part of the study, of 438 patients with HCV infection followed an average of 28.1 months, only one patient developed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We conclude that in our population, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is not associated with hepatitis C virus infection. Based on these results and review of the literature, there are marked regional differences in the prevalence of hepatitis C infection in Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:Hepatitis C virus infection in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 968 Dec 21

An early phase II multi-center collaborative study of amrubicin hydrochloride, a novel synthetic anthracycline derivative anticancer agent, was conducted for malignant lymphoma at 12 institutions nationwide. A total of 41 patients were enrolled in this study between January 1988 and October 1990. Of these, 36 patients, six patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 30 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), were eligible for the study. The starting dose of amrubicin hydrochloride was 100 mg/m2 (body surface area) and it was administered once every three weeks, in principle. The efficacy was assessed for 34 patients, excluding two patients: one who has not been followed up adequately and the other violated the dosing schedule (once per week). The overall response rates (CR + PR) were 50.0% (3/6) for HD and 42.9% (12/28) for NHL. Furthermore, a relatively high response rate was noted in 8 (36.4%) of 22 NHL patients who had been treated with other anthracycline derivatives prior to the trial. The safety of amrubicin hydrochloride was assessed for 36 eligible patients. Leukopenia (grade 3 or higher) and thrombocytopenia were noted in 21 patients (58.3%) and 10 patients (27.8%), respectively. Anorexia, nausea/vomiting, fever, alopecia, decrease in hemoglobin and elevations of GOT and GPT levels were observed with a relatively high frequency. Other than myelosuppression, the following adverse reactions (grade 3 or higher) occurred during the course of the trial: diarrhea (two patients), alopecia (two patients), stomatitis (one patient), anorexia (one patient), nausea/vomiting (one patient) and fever (one patient). In conclusion, these results indicate that amrubicin hydrochloride is effective in the treatment of patients with malignant lymphoma.
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PMID:[Early phase II clinical trial of amrubicin hydrochloride in patients with malignant lymphoma]. 1172 78


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