Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 52-year-old woman presented slight fever, diffuse papular skin rash and painful cervical lymph node swelling. Her lymph node swelling generally up to 3 cm in diameter, with petechiae on the lower legs and hepato-splenomegaly within a few weeks. ESR was 45 mm/h, Hb 10.0 g/dl, RBC 345 x 10(4)/microliter, WBC 22,600/microliter (atypical lymphocyte 47%), PLT 1.0 x 10(4)/microliter, GPT 91 U/L, gamma-globulin 34.3%, EBV-VCA x 2,560, EBNA x 20, and anti-rubella antibody x 512. The biopsied cervical lymph node showed histologic features of effacement of nodal architecture by an exuberant vascular proliferation accompanied with infiltration of the immunoblasts, and was diagnosed as immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL)-type lymphadenopathy. The pulse therapy of methylprednisolone and high dose of gamma-globulin improved lymphadenopathy, thrombocytopenia and anemia. IBL-type lymphadenopathy after infection of rubella virus may be different from true IBL, but is important to discuss the pathogenesis of IBL.
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PMID:[IBL-type lymphadenopathy after infection of rubella virus]. 171 58

It is now quite well accepted that laboratory test results are indispensable or of primary significance to accurately diagnose a new patient's disease. Furthermore, most doctors recently find difficulty in appropriately selecting and ordering necessary but not excess laboratory tests and to read and interpret all the given test results correctly. In our hospital the system of the outpatient clinic will be changed basically on a specialty clinic system. In order to operate such a specialty clinic system effectively, it appears quite important to set up a unit to discriminate new unspecified patients properly and to consult them to an appropriate specialty clinic. As a preliminary trial, we opened a new patient clinic in July, 1992. The aim of this clinic is to accurately diagnose the new patients' disease immediately and to send them to the specialty clinic on the day of their first visit. Prior to history taking and physical examination by the attending doctor, the patients are instructed to take a set of laboratory tests. These include urinalysis, chest X-P, ECG, hematological examinations (RBC, WBC, Ht, Hb, PLT and ESR) and biochemical tests (AST, ALT, ALP, gamma GTP, LDH, CPK, Chol, T-Bil, TP, Alb, TG, BUN, Cr, Glu, Na, K, Ca, P and CRP). These results are transferred to the clinic within one hour so that the doctor is able to make the diagnosis effectively and to refer the patients to an appropriate clinic.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Roles of department of laboratory medicine on the new patient clinic]. 828 94

Organ Weight, hematologic and blood chemistry values were determined to establish reference values in the female ferret. Organ weight per kg body weight was calculated for various organs. Body surface area (BSA) was also determined by the direct method, and K values (constant) were calculated. The K value was 3.48 in the Dubois and Dubois equation, and 9.69 in the Meeh-Rubner equation. Blood samples were used to record 10 hematologic and 57 serum (plasma) chemistry values, and 7 immunological parameters. Among hematologic values, values whose coefficient of variation (cv) exceeded 30% were RBC, WBC and PLT. In blood chemistry, the CV of gamma-G, UA, ZTT, GPT, gamma-GTP, MAO, ALD and IgG exceeded 30%. In the total amino acid analysis, only the CV of TAU exceeded 30%. Electrophoretograms of amylase and CPK isozyme were quite different from those of humans. Although 1-MEHIS, 3-MEHIS and CAR have not been detected or are present in trace amounts in human plasma, concrete values were detected in female ferret plasma. Hematologic and serum chemistry values were in general agreement with normal values seen in cats and dogs. However, the alpha 1-G percentage, and ALP and amylase activities were lower than the corresponding values in cats and dogs. The RBC count, RET-C percentage and LDH activities were higher than in cats and dogs. Since there have been no comprehensive articles on reference values for the female ferret, the present report contributes to studies that involve this animal as an experimental model.
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PMID:Reference values for organ weight, hematology and serum chemistry in the female ferret (Mustela putrius furo). 851 87

Twelve free-ranging mouflon (Ovis ammon), eight adults and four lambs, were captured in northeast Spain. The animals were transported for 9 hr from the capture site to the Wildlife Rescue Center at Vallcalent (Lleida), 300 km SW. Blood samples were taken at capture and after transport to study the effects on hematologic and biochemical parameters. The RBC, PCV, Hb, and alkaline phosphatase values were significantly higher in lambs than in adults, and total protein levels were significantly lower in lambs. Comparisons of blood parameters of adult animals at capture and after transport revealed significantly lower RBC, PCV, Hb, PLT, lymphocyte counts, glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, and alkaline phosphatase values and significantly higher neutrophil count, AST, ALT, CK, LDH, and total bilirubin levels after transport. The differences observed in the blood parameters of lambs before and after transport were not statistically significant.
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PMID:Effects of capture and transport on blood parameters in free-ranging mouflon (Ovis ammon). 958 Feb 18

We investigated the effects of the oral administration of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on morphologic change and function of liver in dogs. Fifteen adult mongrel dogs (n=15) were divided into three groups: a control group (40% hepatectomy, untreated), a 250 group (40% hepatectomy, 250 mg/kg of KRG, PO), and a 500 group (40% hepatectomy, 500 mg/kg of KRG, PO). The liver regeneration, histologic findings, CBC (WBC, RBC, PCV, and PLT), and liver function tests (AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, LDH, and T-bil) were examined during experiment. The liver regeneration rates were higher in treated groups than in the control group. But, there were no significant differences. All hematological values were within normal ranges except leukocyte counts for 3 days postoperatively. The levels of AST and ALT in the treated groups were significantly decreased compared to that in the control group (p<0.05). The numbers of degenerative cells and area of connective tissue were significantly decreased in the liver of the dog with KRG administration (p<0.01). On the basis of these results, we could conclude that KRG accelerate the liver regeneration and ameliorate the liver injury after hepatectomy in dogs.
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PMID:The effects of Korean red ginseng (ginseng radix rubra) on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in dogs. 1281 70

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acute toxicity of oral exposure to nanoscale zinc powder in mice. The healthy adult male and female mice were gastro-intestinally administered at a dose of 5 g/kg body weight with two size particles, nanoscale zinc (N-Zn) and microscale zinc (M-Zn) powder, while one group mice treated with sodium carboxy methyl cellulose was used as the control. The symptoms and mortality after zinc powder treatment were recorded. The effects of particles on the blood-element, the serum biochemical level and the blood coagulation were studied after 2 weeks of administration. The organs were collected for histopathological examination. The N-Zn treated mice showed more severe symptoms of lethargy, vomiting and diarrhea in the beginning days than the M-Zn mice. Deaths of two mice occurred in the N-Zn group after the first week of treatment. The mortalities were confirmed by intestinal obstruction of the nanoscale zinc aggregation. The biochemical liver function tests of serum showed significantly elevated ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH in the M-Zn mice and ALT, ALP, and LDH in the N-Zn mice compared with the controls (P<0.05), which indicated that the liver damage was probably induced by both micro- and nano-scale zinc powders. The clinical changes were observed in the two treated group mice as well. The levels of the above enzymes were generally higher in the M-Zn mice than in the N-Zn mice, which implied that M-Zn powder could induce more severe liver damage than N-Zn. The biochemical renal function tests of serum BUN and CR in the M-Zn mice markedly increased either compared with the N-Zn mice or with the controls (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between the N-Zn and the control mice. However, severe renal lesions were found by the renal histopathological examination in the N-Zn exposed mice. Therefore, we concluded that severe renal damage could occur in the N-Zn treated mice, though no significant change of blood biochemical levels occurred. Blood-element test showed that in the N-Zn mice, PLT and RDW-CV significantly increased, and HGB and HCT significantly decreased compared to the controls, which indicated that N-Zn powder could cause severe anemia. Besides the pathological lesions in the liver, renal, and heart tissue, only slight stomach and intestinal inflammation was found in all the zinc treated mice, without significant pathological changes in other organs.
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PMID:Acute toxicity of nano- and micro-scale zinc powder in healthy adult mice. 1616 31

The purpose of this study was to determine serum ADA activity in cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata. In this study, a total of 37 cross-bred cattle which 27 of it showing clinical signs of theileriosis constituted infected group and 10 healthy cattle as control group were used as animal materials. Infected group divided into three groups according to their PCV values. Cattle with PCV > or = 25 were put on group I (n = 9), those with PCV 13-24 were put on group II (n = 11) and those with PCV < or = 12 were put on group III (n = 7). Microscopical diagnosis of the disease was also made. Hematological parameters, serum enzyme activities (ADA, AST, ALT and ALP) were determined in all cattle. Hematological results revealed that significant progressive decreases in HGB, PLT, PBML counts and ratios from group I onwards to group III, whereas the WBC, PBPL counts and ratios showed an increase from group I onwards to group III. The serum ADA, AST, ALT and ALP activity increased significantly in all infected groups compared to control group. However, these parameters were also observed to decrease progressively from group I to group III. Furthermore, the highest increase in enzyme activities observed in the infected group I. But, these enzyme's activities started to decrease in infected group II and III in parallel with PBML and PLT counts. Eventhough, this decrease did not reach to the values obtained from control group. On the contrary, PBPL counts and ratios increased in infected group II and III in contrast to decrease in PCV. As a result, increased serum ADA activity in tropical theileriosis may reflect the involvement of the cellular immune responses.
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PMID:Determination of adenosine deaminase activity in cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata. 1857 73

To investigate the relation between tendency of feverishness and patient profile in pegylated interferon (peginterferon) and ribavirin combination therapy, we performed a retrospective survey of the medical charts of patients with chronic hepatitis C that have been on interferon therapy for the past two years. The sample was 36 patients (18 males, 18 females, aged 30 to 67 years, average of 57.5 years) who were hospitalized for the introduction of peginterferon-alpha 2b and ribavirin combination therapy and did not use NSAIDs before the administration of interferon. We examined body temperature and laboratory values (AST, ALT, WBC, Hb, PLT, BUN, Cr, HCV RNA level, and HCV genotype) for one week from the initiation of peginterferon administration to one week after the administration. Tendency of feverishness was classified into two groups according to the time to reach maximum body temperature. The early fever-developing group reached maximum body temperature within 12 hours of the administration, and the slow fever-developing group reached maximum body temperature after 12 hours post administration. The early fever-developing group had a significantly higher maximum body temperature (early group, 38.5 degrees C+/-0.55; slow group, 37.8 degrees C+/-0.55), more persistent fever (early group, 71.0 h+/-31.3; slow group, 36.5 h+/-41.8), and a higher percentage of females (early group, 80.0%; slow group, 28.6%). Moreover, females and elderly patients developed significantly higher fever (temperature difference 0.78 degrees C) early (8.5 h) after peginterferon administration. These results indicate the need for careful observation of females and elderly patients in the early stage of an initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C with peginterferon.
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PMID:[Relationship between patient profile and feverishness developed during interferon-ribavirin combination therapy of chronic hepatitis C patients]. 1904

We designed an artificial neural network (ANN) to diagnose cirrhosis in patients with chronic HBV infection. Routine laboratory data (PT, INR, platelet count, direct bilirubin, AST/ALT, AST/PLT) and age were collected from 144 patients. Cirrhosis in these patients was diagnosed by liver biopsy. The ANN's ability was assessed using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and the results were compared with a logistic regression model. Our results indicate that the neural network analysis is likely to provide a non-invasive, accurate test for diagnosing cirrhosis in chronic HBV-infected patients, only based on routine laboratory data.
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PMID:A novel method for diagnosing cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B: artificial neural network approach. 2070 78

Patients who complained of pain, tenderness mass in neck, fever, limitation of mouth opening, pharyngalgia,dysphagia,with lab showing increased Neu, remarkably decreased PLT, upsurging Glu, urine-Glu, ALT, T-Bil, AFP, were finally diagnosed to suffer from deep neck abscesses after CT scanning. What was worth mentioning was that diabetes, hepatitis C, thrombocytopenia, and fungus infection added to the complexity of the treatment.
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PMID:[Deep neck abscesses accompanied by multiple underlying diseases: 2 case reports]. 2328 61


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