Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Results of biochemical tests in 61 patients with acute viral hepatitis resp. 63 patients with subacute hepatitis were compared with laboratory findings of 27 patients with liver cirrhosis in the stage of severe activity of the disease. In acute and subacute viral hepatitis was the activity of GPT and CHE significantly higher than in active cirrhosis of the liver. In contrast to these findings was the activity of GLDH and the blood level of bilirubin in both groups of patients similar and for the differential diagnosis of no importance. Low albumin, high gammaglobulin and significant increase of IgG and IgA fractions of immunglobulins in serum are additionally to the results of the activity of some serum enzymes for the diagnosis of active liver cirrhosis in comparison to acute and subacute viral hepatitis of greatest value.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis and liver cirrhosis with severe activity (author's transl)]. 5 26

Among 17 patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection smooth-muscle antibodies (SMA) of the IgM class were detected in 9 (53%) and IgG-SMA in 6 (35%), while no IgA-SMA were found. IgM-SMA were present most often and in the highest titres (10-160) in the beginning of the disease, while IgG-SMA were found both early and late during the course of infection. SMA occurred most frequently in patients with specific CMV antibodies of the IgM class and in patients with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase values, but these relationships were not significant. Elevated levels of serum IgG, IgA and IgM were found in CMV infection, and a correlation between serum IgM values and IgM-SMA titres was demonstrated (alpha less than 0.01). A similar correlation between serum IgG and IgG-SMA could not be established. These findings are in support of the assumption that IgM-SMA account for a minor part of the elevated serum IgM levels in CMV infection, but not of the hypothesis that the stimulus for antibody production is the release of antigens from liver cells.
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PMID:Immunoglobulin levels and specific viral antibodies in relation to smooth-muscle antibodies in cytomegalovirus infection. 22 39

Population genetic studies of Shuara Indians in Ecuador are performed for GPT, AP, PGM1, Ak, EsD, 6-PGD, Hp, Gc, C3, Bg, ChE, Tf, Pi, Bf phenotypes, IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C3-proactivator, C4 levels and acetylator phenotypes. Some systems having a polymorphism in many other populations showed a lack of some of those alleles in the population under study (C3, ChE, Tf, AK and almost absent 6-PGD, Bg, Bf).
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PMID:Genetic studies in Ecuador: acetylator phenotypes, red cell enzyme and serum protein polymorphisms of Shuara Indians. 93 Oct 22

Fifteen women with pseudo-LE syndrome were studied. The dissease is characterized by recurrent attacks of fever, myalgia, arthralgia, visceral manifestations (pericarditis, myocarditis, pleurisy, pleural effusion and lung involvement). A prominent feature was an abnormal liver function with elevated GOT and GPT levels in serum, and impaired bromsuophalein elimination. The incidence of varicosities and thrombophlebitis was markedly increased. There was a correlation between complement-fixing antimitochondrial antibody (AMA) titres and the degree of activity of the disease. A reverse correlation was observed between antimitochondrial antibody titres and the absolute lymphocyte count in peripheral blood. In all instances the antimitochondrial antibodies were of polyclonal origin, belonging mainly to immunoglobulin class IgG and, in a few patients, IgM, IgA, or IgD. AMA titres, lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood, sedimentation rate, serum iron level and alpha1- and alpha2-globulins proved to be valuable in following the course of the disease. Other values (C-reactive protein, alpha1-acid glycoprotein, immunoglobulin and beta1c-globulin in serum) were not helpful.
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PMID:[Clinical and serological aspects of the pseudo-LE syndrome (author's transl)]. 112 30

A case of B cell lymphoma with clinical and histological features of malignant histiocytosis was described. A 57-year-old male was admitted to Shinshu University Hospital because of transverse myelopathy. Five months before admission, he noticed urinary disturbance, which progressed to urinary obstruction. The following month, bilateral muscular weakness appeared in his legs. A few days later he could not stand up, and was admitted to a local hospital. Neurological examination revealed sensory disturbances below the level of Th12 in all modalities, and marked weakness and hyperreflexia in the lower limbs. A spinal tumor was suspected. However, myelography showed no abnormality. The patient's condition worsened and he became bed-ridden in February 1990. He was transferred to Shinshu University Hospital for further evaluation. On admission he was poorly nourished with fever, anemia, hepatomegaly, and bilateral pretibial pitting edema. No lymphadenopathy was observed. Neurological examination showed total sensory loss below the level of Th12, spastic paraplegia, hyperreflexia in the legs, and urinary obstruction. Laboratory findings revealed an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased CRP, pancytopenia, and hypoalbuminemia. Serum level of IgG, IgA, IgM, LDH, ALP, GPT and total bilirubin were increased. CSF and MRI imaging of the spinal cord were normal. Proliferation of atypical histiocytes with marked erythrophagocytosis, which is a characteristic pathological feature of malignant histiocytosis, was observed in peripheral blood and aspirated bone marrow. Immunoenzyme staining of bone marrow using monoclonal antibody L-26, which is a B-cell marker, revealed B-cell lymphoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of B-cell lymphoma with clinical and histological features of malignant histiocytosis]. 130 24

The present study was undertaken to investigate toxic potentials of linoleic acid anilide (LAA) and heated linoleic acid anilide (HLAA) and their possible role in the etiology of toxic oil syndrome (TOS). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given 250 mg/kg of LAA or HLAA in mineral oil through gavage, on alternate days for 2 weeks (total 7 doses). Control rats received an equal volume of vehicle only. The animals were sacrificed at day 1, 7 and 28 following the last dose. Ratio of organ weight/body weight showed a significant increase in lung in LAA group at day 7 while spleen showed remarkable increases in both treatment groups at day 1 and 7. On the other hand, this ratio showed decreases in case of liver, brain and heart at some time points. Among blood parameters, red cell counts and hemoglobin content decreased at day 1 in both LAA and HLAA treated groups, while platelet counts showed an increase. Serum LDH, GOT and GPT activities significantly decreased at day 1 and 7 in both LAA and HLAA treated groups, however, these changes were more prominent in the HLAA treated group. Interestingly, at day 28, these serum enzyme levels recovered to control levels. Both LAA and HLAA treated groups showed a decrease in serum IgM levels at day 1, however, at day 7 only the LAA group showed a significant decrease. IgA levels significantly increased in both groups at all the time points studied and were more pronounced in the HLAA treated group. Similarly, IgG levels also showed increases in both the groups. In addition to serum immunoglobulin changes, alterations in the lymphocyte subpopulations were also observed. While T-cell population decreased, B-cell population remained unchanged. Among T-cell subsets, T-helper cells did not show any change while T-suppressor cells decreased significantly at day 1 in the LAA group and at day 1 and 7 in the HLAA group, but regained control levels at day 28. The biochemical and immunological alterations observed in this study as a result of LAA and HLAA exposure and more so by HLAA further support that the fatty acid anilides may play a role in the etiology of TOS.
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PMID:Heated linoleic acid anilide: toxicity and relevance to toxic oil syndrome. 189 81

In a 106-wk toxicity and carcinogenicity study, groups of 60 male and 60 female weanling Wistar rats were fed 0, 0.5, or 50 mg bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (TBTO)/kg diet. In males, feed consumption was increased in all treated groups and increased water consumption occurred at 5 and 50 mg/kg. During the second year, body weight decreased in the 50-mg/kg males, while the females in that group showed no weight gain. Excess mortality was confined to the 50-mg/kg group towards the end of the study. Haematological changes, comprising anaemia, lymphocytopenia and thrombocytosis were noted mainly at the high-dose level. Also, signs of decreased kidney function and increased plasma enzyme activities (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) were noted. No effects on serum hormone concentrations (thyrotropin, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone or insulin) were observed, except for a decrease in the free thyroxin:thyroxin ratio in both sexes at the high-dose level. Higher serum IgM and IgA levels were present at 50 mg/kg, while, in females, IgG was decreased. At 50 mg/kg, the ovaries, adrenals, spleen (females), heart (males), pituitary, liver and kidneys were increased in weight, but the thyroid weight was decreased in females. The total tin concentrations in liver and kidneys showed a dose relationship and, in general, the concentrations were similar after 1 and 2 yr. Non-neoplastic histological alterations after 1 yr consisted of a decrease in the cell height of the thyroid follicles in all dose groups, with a reduced number of psammoma bodies at 50 mg/kg, a decrease in splenic iron content at 5 (females only) and 50 mg/kg, and a slight bile-duct activation. After 2 yr, only the thyroid changes were still present. In addition, at 2 yr, vacuolation and pigmentation of the proximal tubular epithelium and nephrosis were enhanced at 50 mg/kg. The incidence of benign tumours of the pituitary was significantly elevated and enhanced at 0.5 and 50 mg/kg. At 50 mg/kg increases in pheochromocytomas in the adrenal medulla and in parathyroid adenomas (males) were noted, while adrenal cortical tumours were decreased (males). There was a low, non-dose-related incidence of pancreatic carcinoma. Other tumour rates were in line with control data. It is concluded that lifetime feeding of 50 mg TBTO/kg diet induces toxicity in various organ systems. An increase in some common tumours was found at the high dose, probably due to hormonal or immunological changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (TBTO) in the rat. 234 92

Examinations were performed of 31 fattened pigs suffering from papular dermatitis (PD) and 33 fattened pigs without dermal changes (C) coming from the D. large pig-fattening farm and the production breeding herd of pigs. The weight of the pigs was from 95 to 105 kg. Both farms are sited in a mining area (intensive lignite extraction). The PD pigs, compared with the controls (C), had less total protein, cholesterol and calcium in their blood serum and increased concentrations of thyroxine (T4), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), vitamins A and E, inorganic phosphorus and potassium, and the higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity. The PD pigs also had an increased leucocyte count in blood. In their peripheral lymphocytes the PD pigs had a significantly higher number of aberrant cells, 3.9 times higher number of chromosome breaks, slightly increased rate of sister chromatid exchanges, but half the number of chromosome exchanges of the C pigs. No differences between PD pigs and the controls were recorded in the response of the T-lymphocytes of peripheral blood to non-specific phytohaemagglutinin stimulation; neither were there any substantial differences in the concentration of serum immunoglobulins of the IgG, IgM and IgA classes. The PD and C pigs of both herds (the D. and M. farms) had low concentrations of all three serum immunoglobulins. The higher occurrence of PD in the D. herd, compared with the M. farm, is associated with a greater reduction of serum immunoglobulins (IgM by 38%, IgA by 25%, IgG by 15%).
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PMID:[Biochemical, hematologic, immunologic and cytogenetic study of papillary dermatitis in fattened pigs]. 309 11

The influence of hemosorption in multimodality therapy of 71 patients with chronic liver diseases was studied. Together with clinical improvement of the health status hemosorption was followed by a decrease in the concentration of bilirubin, cholesterol and gamma-globulins, ALT activity, the level of the thymol test, IgA, IgG and CIC. The content of T-lymphocytes and their subpopulation changed very little. Hemosorption efficacy was more marked in chronic active hepatitis and at initial stages of biliary cirrhosis than at the dystrophic stage of biliary cirrhosis. The use of hemosorption in multimodality therapy of patients with chronic liver diseases contributed to faster clinical improvement, return of biochemical and immunological indices to normal.
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PMID:[Use of hemosorption in the treatment of patients with chronic liver diseases]. 357 64

A retrospective study on 50 young and 35 aged patients with acute hepatitis B was performed. Clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated. The most significant results obtained in the aged group when compared with the young were longer hospitalization, less elevated serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase significantly higher, lower IgM and higher IgA levels. The results indicate that acute hepatitis B in elderly adults is characterized by a milder liver cell necrosis and a hypercholestatic pattern. The possible causes for these features are discussed.
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PMID:Different course of acute hepatitis B in elderly adults. 400 76


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