Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biochemical changes in the air-breathing catfish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.) exposed to a sublethal level of carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) at 0.5 ppm concentration in ambient water for a period of 30 days were assessed. A small reduction in growth rate was observed in the fish treated with 0.5 ppm carbofuran for 60 days although no mortality or any apparent symptom of toxicity could be noted. Studies were carried out on the activities of certain enzymes of intermediary metabolism viz., glucose 6-phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, Na+, K+-ATPase, GOT and GPT in certain vital tissues of the fish exposed to carbofuran (0.5 ppm) for 30 days. Exposure to carbofuran resulted in sharp inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in brain of the fish which recovered rather rapidly after terminating pesticide treatment and maintaining the fish in clean freshwater. Ratio of the levels of calcium/phosphorus in serum showed significant diminution in experimental groups of fish compared to controls. Level of ammonia in serum of experimental fish was markedly increased while excretion of ammonia by fish showed concomitant decrease. The bioaccumulation level of the pesticide and its degraded product, 3-hydroxy-carbofuran in liver tissue was measured by gas chromatography. A rationale of the effect of carbofuran on metabolism vis-a-vis toxicity in the fish has been suggested.
...
PMID:Certain biochemical responses in the air-breathing catfish Clarias batrachus exposed to sublethal carbofuran. 712 66

The chemical measurements on our Technicon SMAC of lipemic sera before and after clearing lipemia by ultracentrifugation showed that uric acid, creatinine, carbon dioxide, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and alkaline phosphatase were not affected significantly by lipemia, whereas sodium, urea, glucose, chloride and total protein showed small but significant increases with averages of less than 1.9 percent. Albumin showed a significant decrease of 1.2 percent. In contrast, the results for the enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) showed striking differences between pre- and post-centrifuged sera in a number of specimens. With lactate dehydrogenase, thirty-two of fifty specimens registered an increase in activity while with the aminotransferases, thirty-five and forty-one out of fifty specimens showed a decrease in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities, respectively. Although much of the lipemic interference can be explained by the volume displacement of serum by lipids or by interference by lipemia with colorimetry, the anomalous effects observed with the enzymes indicate the possibility of other, as yet, undetermined factor(s).
...
PMID:The effect of hyperlipidemia on Technicon SMAC measurements. 712 23

The effects of the sublethal concentration (0.012%) of Congo Red on Heteropneustes fossilis were studied after 30 days exposure. The RBC count haemoglobin (Hb)% and PCV decreased significantly. The total WBC count, MCV, MCH, and MCHC showed a significant increase. Serum calcium, serum cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly elevated, whereas serum phosphorus was significantly reduced. The activities of serum alkaline phosphatase (AlPase), acid phosphatase (AcPase). RNase, GOT, GPT and amylase were also significantly elevated. The possible reasons for these changes are discussed.
...
PMID:Haematological and biochemical characteristics of Heteropneustes fossilis under the stress of Congo Red (diphenyl disazo binaphthionic acid). 716 84

Monensin fed to beef cows at levels of 50, 200 or 300 mg daily during late gestation and early lactation induced feed savings of 3.2, 10.5 and 13.5%, respectively, when feed intakes were regulated to produce similar changes in cow weights, condition scores and weight to height ratios during the 168-day feeding period. Feed dry matter intakes were different (P < .05) for the orthogonal single degree of freedom comparisons that were made. The monensin treatments and the adjustments in feed intake associated with them had no apparent effect on (1) calf birth weights, (2) adjusted 205-day weaning weights or (3) first-service conception rates for the cows. Monensin increased (P < .05) the proportion of propionate and the ratio of acetate to propionate in rumen samples taken prepartum, but not in samples taken postpartum. Blood samples obtained at the same time that rumen samples were obtained showed no treatment effects on serum creatinine, lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, inorganic phosphorus, calcium, creatine phosphokinase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase or total protein.
...
PMID:Efficacy of monensin for beef cows. 719 80

Using the both methods. RaBA-Super System (Rapid Blood Analyzer System), the clinical values for chemical constituents of blood in Shiba goats bred in Stock Farm, University of Tokyo, were determined on the following items: total protein, albumin, TTT, glucose, BUN, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, GOT, GPT, ALP, LDH, CPK, cholinesterase, calcium and inorganic phosphorus. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1) All items determined were to be analyzed by means of the RaBA-Super System, although the values for total cholesterol, TTT, ALP and CPK varied considerably with individuals. 2) The values of adult female goats were significantly higher than those of young ones in total protein and albumin, and lower in glucose, cholinesterase, ALP and CPK. 3) The values of GPT and BUN of adult female goats in summer were significantly lower than those in winter and autumn. 4) The values for triglyceride and albumin of adult female goats using the RaBA-Super System were inconsistent with those analyzed simultaneously by the manual method, but a significant linear correlation was recognized between the both methods.
...
PMID:[The clinical values fro chemical constituents of blood in normal miniature Shiba goats (author's transl)]. 720 32

Inoculation of 2 groups of dogs with 1 X 10(9) and 4 X 10(9) Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae produced disease varying from transient fever to uremia and death. Clinical signs of disease in the severely affected dogs were fever, dehydration, depression, and icterus. Laboratory changes in serum of infected dogs included increased urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. Chloride concentration decreased in the serum of dogs with severe disease. The icterus in the infected dogs did not appear to be related to hemolytic anemia.
...
PMID:Serum biochemical changes in dogs with experimental Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae infection. 727 Oct 27

The numerous physiological and nutritional factors which influence the concentration of serum calcium are considered. The causes of hypercalcaemia and hypocalcaemia are briefly discussed, with particular reference to the clinical symptoms and pathology. The effect of the acid-base status on the serum-ionized calcium level is stressed. The causes of changes in the serum concentrations of phosphorus and magnesium are briefly reviewed, along with the abnormalities of lactate, pyruvate, and hydrogen ion concentrations. The kidney function tests, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and the renal clearance tests are discussed, with emphasis placed on correlating their results with the findings from repeated urinalyses. The important physiologic influences and pathological processes which result in changes in the concentrations of these parameters are delineated. The causes of increases in the serum enzymes, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, asparate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamic dehydrogenase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, creatinine phosphokinase, amylase and lipase are discussed. The changes in serum bilirubin concentration and its components are fully described, with emphasis placed on the correlation of the findings with urinalysis data and the complexities resulting from the numerous pathologic conditions causing jaundice. These conditions are listed for each of the domestic animals. The other liver function tests, bromosulphthalein dye retention or excretion, serum uric acid and blood ammonia concentration are briefly considered. All the tests described are very useful, and frequently essential, in aiding the veterinary practitioner to arrive at a diagnosis and prognosis, but they never replace clinical acumen.
...
PMID:Correlation of changes in blood chemistry with pathological changes in the animal's body: II Electrolytes, kidney function tests, serum enzymes, and liver function tests. 727 79

1. Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) of mean initial weight 15 g were given either a low-manganese or control diet containing 1.3 and 33 mg Mn/kg dry diet respectively. 2. Weight gains over a 24-week feeding period were the same for both groups of trout. 3. Hepatosomatic index, blood packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration, plasma protein and the activities of aspartic aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) and alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2) were unaffected by dietary Mn intake. 4. Plasma potassium and iron levels were increased in the trout given the low-Mn diet. 5. The hepatic levels of magnesium, sodium, K, zinc, copper, Mn and phosphorus were significantly reduced in the fish given the low-Mn diet. 6. In those trout given the low-Mn diet the levels of Mn and calcium in the vertebral ash were significantly reduced. 7. The hepatic activity of Cu-Zu superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1; Cu-ZnSOD) and of Mn superoxide dismutase (EC1.15.1.1; MnSOD) in cardiac muscle and liver was reduced in the group of trout given the low-Mn diet. The fall in Cu-ZnSOD and MnSOD activities coincided with reduced tissue levels of their respective metal components.
...
PMID:The effect of low dietary manganese intake on rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). 731 45

We studied the effects on 25 analytes of duration of contact of serum with non-anticoagulated blood and of temperature. Serum was separated after blood was allowed to stand, for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, or 48 h at 4, 23, or 30 degrees C. Results obtained for bilirubin, albumin, zinc sulfate turbidity, thymol turbidity, cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), leucine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1), amylase (EC 3.2.1.2), total cholesterol, triglycerides, beta-lipoprotein, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2) were not influenced by storage at 4, 24, or 30 degrees C for as long as 48 h. Negligible differences were seen for potassium in sera in contact with cells as long as 24 h at 23 degrees C and for inorganic phosphorus after 48 h at 4 degrees C. However, at 4 degrees C we noted an increase at 8 h, a slight decrease at 30 degrees C. Statistically significant changes were seen for total protein and calcium after 48 h at 30 degrees C; for aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), and alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), between 8 and 24 h at 23 degrees C and as soon as 6 h at 30 degrees C; for lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) after 8 h at 30 degrees C and between 8 and 24 h at 23 degrees C; for glucose at 24, 4, or 2 h of storage at 4, 23, or 30 degrees C, respectively; for inorganic phosphorus after 48 h at 23 degrees C or 8 h at 30 degrees C; for potassium after 4 h at 4 degrees C or 24 h at 30 degrees C; and for sodium after 48 h at 4 degrees C or 6 h at 23 or 30 degrees C.
...
PMID:Serum-constituents analyses: effect of duration and temperature of storage of clotted blood. 744 20

Age-related changes of 27 items in serum chemistry were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes from 6 to 30 weeks of age. The following 12 items were shown as an increase in those values during growth and maturity, i.e., total protein, albumin (female only), glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid (female only), beta-lipoprotein, cholinesterase (female only), asparate aminotransferase (female only), creatinine, direct-bilirubin and total-bilirubin. However, the following 4 items decreased with aging, i.e., asparate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase and inorganic phosphorus. No age-related changes were found in the values for calcium, sodium and chloride in both sexes and for alanine aminotransferase, cholinesterase and albumin in males. The sex differences were shown in the following 12 items: higher values in males were alkaline phosphatase, creatinephosphokinase, glucose and inorganic phosphorus, and higher values in females were cholinesterase, albumin, phospholipid, non-esterified fatty acid, urea nitrogen, direct-bilirubin, total-bilirubin and serum iron. No sex-related differences were found in the values for calcium, sodium, chloride and total cholesterol.
...
PMID:[Age-related changes and sex differences on the serum chemistry values in Sprague-Dawley rats--I. 6-30 weeks of age]. 749 31


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---