Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effectiveness of levamisole hydrochloride as a microfilaricidal agent when used 3 weeks after thiacetarsamide sodium therapy for canine dirofilariasis, was studied in 6 experimental dogs and 20 clinical cases. The drug, when administered orally in gelatine capsules daily, cleared microfilariae from the circulation in the experimental dogs in 7 to 11 days. A dose rate of 10mg/kg appeared as effective as 15mg/kg. In the clinical group 70% of dogs had zero microfilarial counts after 4 to 8 doses at 10mg/kg daily. Vomiting, diarrhoea and inappetence were observed in some animals, but were not a significant problem. Elevations in plasma GPT and AP levels were recorded during the administration of levamisole in some dogs while GOT levels rose in 1 dog only. Urea and creatinine levels were unaffected in all dogs. The only haematological parameter affected was the eosinophil count which rose during levamisole administration. All levamisole-treated animals, were successfully commenced on daily DEC, as a prophylactic measure, while an anaphylactic-type reaction occurred when this drug was administered to 1 of the 2 control animals.
...
PMID:Levamisole as a microfilaricidal agent in the control of canine dirofilariasis. 116 38

In the serum of 40 male and 40 female rats the following parameters were determined: Sodium, potassium, creatinine, chloride, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, glucose, urea, protein, cholesterol, bilirubin, lipids, alanine amino-transferase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine arylamidase. The analyses were carried out in the same rats both after continuous feeding, and after a 24-hour fasting periods spaced at intervals of 3- to 4-weeks. The concentration of glucose and the activities of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were higher after feeding than after fasting, and in most cases these differences were statistically significant. The concentration of lipids tended towards increased values. The other parameters examined were slightly or not influenced by the time of the foregoing feeding.
...
PMID:[The influence of feeding on clinical-chemical parameters in the serum of rats (author's transl)]. 119 11

The author carried out on 35 cats a study on the protein content, potasium and sodium. aldolase, GOT, GPT and LDH of the uterine muscle. The animals were divided into three groups: first-15 nonpregnant cats, second-10 pregnant cats at the first half of pregnancy and third-10 pregnant cats at the second half of pregnancy. He used a piece of uterine muscle from which proteins were extracted by solutions of potasium iodide with various strength. The total protein was determined by the method of Loury, but the sarcoplasmic proteins were examined electrophoretically. Electrolytes were estimated by flame photometer. The enzyme activity was examined by the reagents of "Boehringer". There was an increase of the amount of myosin and of the enzyme active sarcoplasmic protein fraction in the myometrium of pregnant animals. Potasium was increased in the uterine muscle during pregnancy, but sodium decreased. Enxyme activity of ALD, GOT and GPT was the highest in animals from the second group, but that of LDH-in the third group.
...
PMID:[Biochemical changes in the myometrium of pregnant cats]. 124 Aug 2

Described are the susceptibility of the Indian langur (Presbytis entellus) to Leishmania donovani and the consequent haematological and serum biochemical changes. The host response to antileishmanial chemotherapy and the immunological profile were also examined. Each langur was inoculated intravenously with 1 x 10(8) amastigotes; a spleen biopsy carried out on day 35 post-infection (p.i.) revealed 10-13 L. donovani bodies per 500 cell nuclei, which reached a maximum of 130-195 at death (day 105-110 p.i.). The infected monkeys lost body weight, developed severe anaemia, lymphocytosis, hyperproteinaemia, hypergammaglobulinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and an increase in the level of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase (AAT). Treatment with sodium stibogluconate (60 mg Sb5+ per kg body weight intramuscularly for 10 days) reduced the number of spleen parasites (0-1 amastigotes per 500 cell nuclei) but after the therapy the parasites appeared in the skin, which had previously been free of infection. Relapse occurred on day 30 post-treatment (10-24 amastigotes per 500 cell nuclei) and the parasites were resistant to repeat intensive therapy (120 mg Sb5+ per kg per day x 30 days). The stibogluconate treatment caused a proportionate reduction in the haematological and biochemical parameters to normal values except for alkaline phosphatase and AAT, which remained elevated. The level of IgG antibodies, which rose during the infection, rapidly fell to the pretreatment value following the first therapeutic schedule and then increased a second time coinciding with relapse. Our findings suggest that langurs could serve as acceptable models for human visceral leishmaniasis.
...
PMID:The Indian langur: preliminary report of a new nonhuman primate host for visceral leishmaniasis. 131 9

A 27-year-old woman who acquired cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central America was inadvertently treated with 10 times the intended daily dose of the pentavalent antimonial compound sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam): 8500 mg (143 mg/kg) instead of 850 mg. The patient felt "wiped out" during the 4-h infusion of the drug. After the mistake in dosing was discovered, she was vigorously hydrated and carefully monitored in an intensive care unit for greater than 48 h. Her vital signs were stable, and no arrhythmias were noted. Her alanine aminotransferase level rose briefly to 2.4 times the upper limit of normal, and her white blood cell count briefly fell 43% to a low of 3700/microliter. Her skin lesions subsequently healed without further therapy. Although sodium stibogluconate has been associated with a variety of side effects, in this case, a single high dose of the drug was tolerated without serious toxicity.
...
PMID:Sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) overdose during treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. 131 73

We sought to determine if there were any differences in the results of clinical laboratory tests between blood samples collected from the orbital venous plexus and the posterior vena cava of adult male rats. Thirty healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized by ether inhalation, and blood samples were collected successively from the orbital venous plexus (OVP) and the posterior vena cava (PVC) for hematologic (n = 10), serum chemistry (n = 10), and coagulation (n = 10) analyses. The prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times of samples from the OVP were prolonged (17% and 288%, respectively) when compared with samples from the PVC. Respective hematologic biases were as follows: red blood cell count (7%), hemoglobin (6%), hematocrit (5%), mean corpuscular volume (-3%), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (-1%), mean corpuscular hemoglobin content (1%), white blood cell count (13%), and platelet count (-7%). Respective serum chemistry biases were as follows: sorbitol dehydrogenase (-7%), glucose (-7%), blood urea nitrogen (-10%), creatinine (-2%), total protein (4%), albumin (2%), globulin (9%), alkaline phosphatase (5%), lactate dehydrogenase (-6%), aspartate aminotransferase (-5%), alanine aminotransferase (-2%), total bilirubin (0%), direct bilirubin (0%), magnesium (-17%), sodium (4%), potassium (0), chloride (4%), calcium (-2%), phosphorous (-17%), cholesterol (3%), triglycerides (24%), creatinine kinase (-8%), 5'nucleotidase (0%), and total bile acids (4%). For hematologic testing, there were no biologically significant differences between samples collected from the OVP and PVC. The coagulation times and serum Mg and P showed biologically significant differences between samples collected from the OVP and PVC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:Effect of bleeding site on clinical laboratory testing of rats: orbital venous plexus versus posterior vena cava. 132 Jan 64

Ubiquinol-1 in aerated aqueous solution inactivates several enzymes--alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, Na+/K(+)-ATPase, creatine kinase and glutamine synthetase--but not isocitrate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase. Ubiquinone-1 and/or H2O2 do not affect the activity of alkaline phosphatase and glutamine synthetase chosen as model enzymes. Dioxygen and transition metal ions, even if in trace amounts, are essential for the enzyme inactivation, which indeed does not occur under argon atmosphere or in the presence of metal chelators. Supplementation with redox-active metal ions (Fe3+ or Cu2+), moreover, potentiates alkaline phosphatase inactivation. Since catalase and peroxidase protect while superoxide dismutase does not, hydrogen peroxide rather than superoxide anion seems to be involved in the inactivation mechanism through which oxygen active species (hydroxyl radical or any other equivalent species) are produced via a modified Haber-Weiss cycle, triggered by metal-catalyzed oxidation of ubiquinol-1. The lack of efficiency of radical scavengers and the almost complete protection afforded by enzyme substrates and metal cofactors indicate a 'site-specific' radical attack as responsible for the oxidative damage.
...
PMID:Enzyme inactivation by metal-catalyzed oxidation of coenzyme Q1. 135 46

A subacute toxicity study of pentavalent antimony (Sb) compounds, sodium stibogluconate (SSG) and meglumine antimoniate (MA) was carried out in rats. Three groups of 10 rats each were treated with saline (control group), 300 mg Sb kg-1 d-1 or 900 mg Sb kg-1 d-1 of SSG for 30 d. A parallel study of similar type was conducted for MA. Compared with controls, drug-treated rats showed an impairment of feeding habits and retardation of weight gain (P less than 0.01) during the treatment period. In both SSG- and MA-treated rats there was a dose-related reduction in haemoglobin concentration (P less than 0.001), and hematocrit (P less than 0.001). Red cell count was reduced in SSG-treated rats only. Both drugs, however, significantly raised the white cell count (P less than 0.05). These changes were more pronounced with SSG them with MA. There was no change in MCV, MCH and MCHC. SSG, 900 mg Sb kg-1 d-1, significantly raised AST (P less than 0.005), ALT (P less than 0.01) and alkaline phosphatase activity (P less than 0.01). SSG-treated rats also had raised BUN (P less than 0.01) and creatinine (P less than 0.001), but no significant change in bilirubin levels. MA significantly raised AST (P less than 0.01), ALT (P less than 0.01), BUN (P less than 0.001) and serum creatinine levels (P less than 0.001), but had no appreciable effect on bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels. Both SSG and MA decreased blood glucose levels (P less than 0.01) and induced proteinuria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:Subacute toxicity of pentavalent antimony compounds in rats. 135 78

The effect of selenite coadministration on the toxicity and antitumor activity of repeated treatment with high doses of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cis-DDP) was examined in mice. Sodium selenite was injected s.c. into separate abdominal sites of mice together with cis-DDP at a molar ratio of 1:3.5 (selenite to cis-DDP) on day 0. The same amount of selenite was given daily for 4 subsequent days (days 1-4). This fixed administration schedule was repeated weekly for a total of 7 weeks. Under the experimental conditions used, the lethal toxicity, renal toxicity [indicated by an increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and plasma creatinine levels], hepatic toxicity (indicated by an increase in plasma GPT and GOT activity), and myelotoxicity (indicated by a decrease in the numbers of leukocytes and platelets) observed in mice given repeated doses of cis-DDP alone (15 or 25 mumol/kg, s.c.) were significantly depressed by the coadministration of sodium selenite. Treatment with cis-DDP alone (15, 20, or 25 mumol/kg, s.c.) resulted in some dose-dependent prolongation of the life span of mice transplanted either s.c. with colon adenocarcinoma 38 (colon 38) or i.p. with P388 leukemia (P388) but did not completely depress the tumor growth, and the animals died of either progressive disease or cis-DDP-induced toxicity. However, following the coadministration of 7.1 mumol/kg selenite with 25 mumol/kg cis-DDP, all of the mice transplanted either s.c. with colon 38 or i.p. with P388 survived for as long as 4 months after the end of the treatment and showed no evidence of malignancy. These results indicate that selenite coadministration enables the use of increasing doses of cis-DDP and, consequently, enhances the antitumor effect of cis-DDP by depressing its side effects.
...
PMID:Effect of coadministration of selenite on the toxicity and antitumor activity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) given repeatedly to mice. 139

The fluctuations of activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and those of the levels of protein, glucose, cholesterol, bilirubin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, K+, Cl-, Na+ in blood plasma of mice in natural conditions (NC) and exposed to constant light (CL) were studied in different seasons of the year (in January, April, July, October) on days 18, 24, 6 (at 12 o'clock). Most indices both in NC and CL animals had seasonal rhythm similar for each of them. This proves a primary effect of environmental geoclimatic factors of formation of circadian periodicals as compared to desynchronization in constant light revealed by Kosinor analysis in winter (acrophase from 14.16 till 16.32 o'clock) and autumn (acrophase from 23.03 til 4.40 o'clock). During the same seasons one can observe the maximum desynchronization influences of constant light, which leads to abrupt falling (to the 10-fold and more) of the fluctuations amplitude and in some cases to stabilization of circadian rhythm.
...
PMID:[Seasonal and circadian fluctuations in blood biochemical indicators in mice in natural conditions and exposed to constant light]. 142 18


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---