Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 52-year-old woman presented slight fever, diffuse papular skin rash and painful cervical lymph node swelling. Her lymph node swelling generally up to 3 cm in diameter, with petechiae on the lower legs and hepato-splenomegaly within a few weeks. ESR was 45 mm/h, Hb 10.0 g/dl, RBC 345 x 10(4)/microliter, WBC 22,600/microliter (atypical lymphocyte 47%), PLT 1.0 x 10(4)/microliter, GPT 91 U/L, gamma-globulin 34.3%, EBV-VCA x 2,560, EBNA x 20, and anti-rubella antibody x 512. The biopsied cervical lymph node showed histologic features of effacement of nodal architecture by an exuberant vascular proliferation accompanied with infiltration of the immunoblasts, and was diagnosed as immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL)-type lymphadenopathy. The pulse therapy of methylprednisolone and high dose of gamma-globulin improved lymphadenopathy, thrombocytopenia and anemia. IBL-type lymphadenopathy after infection of rubella virus may be different from true IBL, but is important to discuss the pathogenesis of IBL.
Rinsho Ketsueki 1991 Sep
PMID:[IBL-type lymphadenopathy after infection of rubella virus]. 171 58

Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concentration was detected by use of 2 commercially available kits containing antibodies to human AFP--a radioimmunoassay and an enzymetric test. Using neonatal canine serum (a source high in AFP), it was determined that reagents from both kits were able to bind to canine AFP, but a significant difference was detected in AFP concentration. The enzymetric test was superior in detecting canine AFP. Sera from dogs were classified into 6 groups: from dogs with primary hepatic tumors only (group 1); from dogs with primary hepatic tumors and other tumors (group 2); from dogs with normal liver but with other types of neoplasia (group 3); from dogs with nonneoplastic hepatic disease and tumors originating in other organs (group 4); from dogs with nonneoplastic hepatic disease only (group 5); and from clinically normal dogs (group 6). Serum biochemical determinations (alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, albumin, total protein, total bilirubin, and serum bile acids) and values from the 2 AFP assays were obtained for all dogs. Serum AFP concentration detected by the enzymetric test was significantly higher in dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Values greater than 250 ng/ml were detected in 5 of 9 dogs with cholangiocarcinoma and in 3 of 4 dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma. High serum AFP concentration also was indicative of liver involvement in 2 of 3 dogs with primary hepatic lymphosarcoma; 2 dogs had values greater than 225 ng/ml. Serum AFP concentration in dogs with other types of hepatic tumors was less than 250 ng/ml, and serum AFP concentration could not be correlated with such tumors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991 Sep 15
PMID:Detection of serum alpha-fetoprotein in dogs with hepatic tumors. 172 Jan 15

Plasma B-6 vitamer and plasma and urinary 4-pyridoxic acid concentrations of 21 young white women, 21-27 years, having radiomonitored pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and coenzyme stimulation of erythrocyte alanine aminotransferase activities indicative of adequate vitamin B-6 status were determined in an effort to establish normal ranges for plasma B-6 vitamers. B-6 vitamers and 4-pyridoxic acid were quantitated using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric and ultraviolet detection. Pyridoxal phosphate values obtained by radioenzymatic and chromatographic, fluorometric and ultraviolet, assays were highly correlated as were pyridoxine phosphate values determined using both detectors. The B-6 vitamer and 4-pyridoxic acid values of these subjects should be of use in the establishment of normal ranges of these congeners in women.
Biomed Chromatogr 1991 Sep
PMID:Plasma B-6 vitamer and plasma and urinary 4-pyridoxic acid concentrations in young women as determined using high performance liquid chromatography. 174 49

The inability of the 'ethanol/high vitamin A Lieber-DeCarli diet' to induce liver fibrosis in two different rat strains was further evaluated by determining changes in parameters of liver cell damage and of retinoid and lipid metabolism. In the ethanol/vitamin A-treated group, slight but constant hepatic cell damage, as indicated by elevated alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities in blood, was already observed at 6 months and maintained until the time of death at 16 months. Serum gamma-glutamyl transaminase activities were not raised. Moderate parenchymal liver cell damage was not accompanied by fibrosis. Hypertriglyceridemia or hypercholesterolemia were observed at 6-16 months of chronic alcohol administration. This response was strain dependent. In ethanol-treated rats of both strains, total liver retinoids and serum retinol concentrations were not altered. Therefore, the hypothesis that interaction between alcohol and retinoids is a major factor in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease, needs to be reconsidered.
J Hepatol 1991 Sep
PMID:Chronic administration of ethanol with high vitamin A supplementation in a liquid diet to rats does not cause liver fibrosis. 2. Biochemical observations. 174 28

A measure of the activity of macrophage drug metabolizing enzymes through assay of peripheral monocytes was used to assess the hepatic enzymatic status and thereby evaluate age related changes in drug metabolism. Blood was obtained from elderly subjects (aged 74.8 +/- 5.2, mean +/- S.E., n = 16) and a young control group (aged 23.5 +/- 2.0, n = 27). Monocyte AHH activity was used as an index of liver drug metabolism, ALT activity as an index of liver function, monocyte media IL-1 and as an index of macrophage activation and serum IL-1 levels as a measure of endogenous pyrogenic activity. The medium collected from the cultured monocytes was also assessed for the presence of AHH inhibitory activity. Subjects provided information relating to their age, sex, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, recent infection, recent surgery, disease status and medications which could alter drug metabolism. Elderly patients were drawn both from independent seniors living at home and seniors visiting a geriatric day hospital and compared to a control group of young healthy volunteers. Using the experimental design AHH activity did not differ within experimental error between aged (0.832 +/- 0.32 nmol/mg prot. per h, n = 16) and young control subjects (0.452 +/- 0.17, n = 27). ALT activity did not differ between aged (2.83 I.U. +/- 0.46) and young (4.24 +/- 0.82). Monocyte AHH activity did not differ between males (0.45 +/- 0.14, n = 33) compared to females (0.65 +/- 0.18, n = 29), but was significantly higher in smokers (2.5 +/- 1.0, n = 5) compared to non-smokers (0.35 +/- 0.05, n = 52). Mild to moderate alcohol use showed no significant effect on AHH activity. There was no significant difference between the mean level of MCM inhibition of murine hepatocyte AHH between elderly (44.3 +/- 8.32%, n = 8) and control (31.5 +/- 6.21%, n = 15) subjects, but a larger proportion of the elderly population demonstrated such an effect. Serum IL-1 levels (range 0-55.9 pg/ml) were compared to MCM IL-1 and AHH inhibitory activity in the elderly and young group.
Mech Ageing Dev 1991 Sep
PMID:Effect of aging and other factors on monocyte aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity. 174 65

Rokitamycin, a newly developed macrolide, was administered to a total of 107 cases, 16 years old or more, in order to evaluate its clinical efficacy, safety and usefulness on Campylobacter enteritis. Daily dosage of 600 mg of rokitamycin was administered orally in three divided doses for 5 days. Bacteriological and clinical efficacies were judged by the attending doctors from the evaluation criteria made by the committee and from the days required for improvement of diarrhea, defervescence and so on, respectively. Antibacterial activities against the isolates were tested of rokitamycin (RKM), erythromycin (EM), josamycin (JM) and ofloxacin (OFLX). The results were as follows; 41 symptomatic patients and 5 carriers were evaluated. Clinical efficacy (n = 41) was 100% (excellent; 34.1%, good; 65.9%). Bacteriological efficacy (n = 41) was 97.6%. Eight of the 9 cases with consecutive stool cultures were free of the bacteria on and after one day of the drug administration. Clinical usefulness (n = 46) was 97.8%. Slight epigastric pain was seen in only one as a side effect. The items of abnormal laboratory findings were 4 elevated GPT and/or GOT and one increased number of WBC in 4 cases. MIC90 of RKM, EM, JM and OFLX against 41 clinical isolates of C. jejuni were 1.56, 3.13, 3.13 and 0.78 micrograms/ml, respectively. Rokitamycin was considered clinically useful to treat Campylobacter enteritis.
Kansenshogaku Zasshi 1991 Sep
PMID:[A clinical experience of rokitamycin on Campylobacter enteritis. Research Group of Rokitamycin on Infectious Enteritis]. 176 95

The risk of infection after application of vapour heated prothrombin complex concentrate PROTHROMPLEX S-TIM 4 (PCC) was investigated in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. The study was conducted according to the recommendations of the International Committee on Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ICTH) with the exception that most patients required other blood products in addition to PCC. Twenty-One patients were eligible to test for the risk of acquiring hepatitis NANB (ALT-levels) and samples from 12 patients were available that could be screened for anti-HCV. Twenty patients qualified for evaluation of the risk of developing hepatitis B, and 67 patients qualified to test for HIV-1-Infection. None of these patients showed any signs of infection. Vapour heating of prothrombin complex concentrate seems to lower the risk of transmitting viral diseases considerably.
Thromb Res 1991 Sep 15
PMID:Safety of vapour heated prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) Prothromplex S-TIM 4. 178 Aug 9

The effects of age, sex, pregnancy, were analyzed and data from fasted and fed animals were compared in a population of cynomolgus macaques. No significant sex effects were observed for biochemical values and no changes were found in male hematological parameters in relation to age. Most values of females during pregnancy were within normal ranges. Comparison between fed and fasted animals showed that several biochemical parameters (e.g., ALT, glucose, CPK, LDH) and several hematological parameters (e.g., monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, hemoglobin, MCV, MCHC, and MCH) were affected by food intake.
J Med Primatol 1991 Sep
PMID:Normal serum biochemical and hematological parameters in Macaca fascicularis. 178 29

Subacute doses (1/20 LD50) of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A were fed to weanling albino rats individually and in combination for 36 weeks and then rats were maintained on toxin free normal diet for a period of 24 weeks. Livers of rats were fatty, wherever aflatoxin was administered but the enzyme activity did not show significant differences among various groups. However, in a few individuals whose livers were severely affected, higher concentrations of urine creatinine, liver RNA and DNA, and ALT enzyme activity were recorded. Histopathological examination showed various stages of hepatoma and hepatocarcinoma including nodular hyperplasia, hypertrophy, vacuolisation, degeneration, pseudolobulation, cellular infiltration and fibrosis of liver of rats fed with aflatoxin individually and in combination. Few anaplastic cells in the corticomedullary region and nuclear enlargement of proximal tubular epithelium of kidney were found wherever combined toxin and ochratoxin alone were administered. Liver tumor expression was time dependent.
Indian J Exp Biol 1991 Sep
PMID:Effect of long term feeding and withdrawal of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A on kidney cell transformation in albino rats. 179 62

The effects of lipid peroxide on protein catabolism after severe burn injury are studied. Burned rats (30% TBSA III) were divided randomly into two groups: group A (N = 120) received I. M. injection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) served as control; group B (N = 146), the treated group, receiving I. M. injection of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). It was found that in PBD 5, 7, 9, 11, 3-Methyl histidine (3-Mehis) excretion was significantly lower in group B than in group A (P less than 0.01); and that in group B cumulative urinary nitrogen (UN) excretion and cumulative nitrogen balance in the eleven-day period after burns were significantly lower than in group A (P less than 0.01); On PBD 12, serum GOT and GPT were higher significantly in group A than that in group B (P less than 0.05). Besides, in group B the total nitrogen content in liver and gastrocnemius muscle on PBD 12 was significantly higher than in group A (P less than 0.05). These findings suggest that a certain relationship exists between lipoperoxide and increased protein catabolism after severe burns. SOD and CAT, the oxygen radical scavengers, can reduce protein catabolism to a certain extent, and protect the hepatic function from being injured.
Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1991 Sep
PMID:[Effect of lipoperoxide on catabolism of protein in burns in rats]. 181 69


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