Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To examine the relationship between hepatitis B core antigen-specific interferon gamma production and the liver injury, we measured the sequential change in this production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of seven patients with chronic hepatitis B. Four patients who experienced acute exacerbation showed increased interferon gamma production when the serum alanine aminotransferase level peaked or during the recovery phase. In the three patients who did not experience acute exacerbation, interferon gamma production gradually decreased in one who had a low peak of alanine aminotransferase but did not show significant change in the other two. Increased production of hepatitis B core antigen-specific interferon gamma at the time of acute exacerbation suggests that interferon gamma induced by hepatitis B core antigen plays a role in hepatocellular injury of patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Scand J Gastroenterol 1992 Sep
PMID:Hepatitis B core antigen-specific interferon gamma production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells during acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B. 138 10

An ELISA was developed for measuring serum antibodies against the arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and a closely related isolate termed callitrichid hepatitis virus (CHV). The ELISA was used to test sera from healthy adults and from hepatitis patients. In Birmingham, Alabama, the seropositivity rate for healthy black women was 5.1% (7/138), and the rate for patients with all types of hepatitis or cirrhosis was 4.3% (2/46). In San Antonio, Texas, the seropositivity rate among a clinical series of patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis was 0 (0/20), and the rate among persons rejected from blood donation because of high serum alanine aminotransferase levels was 2.4% (2/82). These results indicate that infection with LCMV or CHV is common in Birmingham but that infection is not associated with hepatitis.
J Med Virol 1992 Sep
PMID:Prevalence of serum antibodies against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in selected populations from two U.S. cities. 140 29

This study was designed to clarify the effects of changes in liver tissue glutathione (GSH) concentration on postischemic liver injury together with the effects of gamma-glutamylcysteine ethyl ester (GCE), a prodrug of GSH, and GSH. Rats were pretreated with GSH (50 mg/kg, i.v.), or GCE (50 mg/kg, i.v.), or untreated. In each rat, liver was isolated, and liver mitochondria were prepared after 2 h of ischemia or 1 h of reperfusion following 2 h of ischemia. Mitochondrial function was measured polarographically. Liver adenine nucleotide concentrations were also determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Liver tissue GSH, an oxidized form of glutathione (GSSG) concentrations, and activities of GSH peroxidase and GSSG reductase were determined enzymatically. Liver hypoxanthine and xanthine concentrations were determined by HPLC. Liver tissue concentration of lipid peroxide was measured. Leakages of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and adenine nucleotides into the hepatic vein after reperfusion were also measured. Administration of GCE improved the recovery of mitochondrial function and maintained tissue GSH concentration concomitantly. Increases in liver lipid peroxide concentration after reperfusion, and leakage of liver cell enzymes and adenine nucleotides were mitigated by administration of GCE. Administration of GSH itself failed to maintain tissue GSH concentration and had no protective effects. From these results, it is concluded that in the postischemic process, free radical formation might be enhanced, and the radical scavenging system deteriorated. To enhance the radical scavenging system is a possible maneuver to prevent radical-related cell damage associated with reperfusion, because pharmacological reduction of breakdown of ATP to hypoxanthine and xanthine seems to be difficult. GCE maintained liver GSH concentrations and mitigated postischemic liver injury, concomitantly. Clinical use of GCE might be recommended.
Transplantation 1992 Sep
PMID:The effects of gamma-glutamylcysteine ethyl ester, a prodrug of glutathione, on ischemia-reperfusion-induced liver injury in rats. 833 63

The historical and clinical features and the haematological and biochemical changes in 126 cats with hyperthyroidism are described; 125 of the cats were domestic short- or longhaired, and one was a chinchilla. There were 62 males and 64 females with a mean age of 13.0 years. The duration of signs ranged from two days to two years with a mean of 5.4 months. The historical and clinical features were weight loss, polyphagia, polyuria/polydipsia, tachycardia, hyperactivity, diarrhoea, respiratory abnormalities, other cardiac abnormalities, skin lesions, vomiting, moderately raised temperature, decreased activity, decreased appetite, congestive cardiac failure, haematuria and intermittently decreased appetite. Goitre was palpable in 123 cats. The serum total thyroxine concentrations of the cats were more than three standard deviations above the mean of the reference range. Serum total tri-iodothyronine concentrations ranged from 0.78 to 14.96 nmol/litre and were within the reference range in 11 of the cats. Mild hyperthyroidism was a much commoner cause of high normal or marginally above normal thyroid hormone concentrations than severe, concurrent, non-thyroidal illness. Other common biochemical changes were increased of serum alanine aminotransferase, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. There were minimal changes in the red cell parameters. Leucocyte changes showed two trends: a mature neutrophilia, either with or without an accompanying leucocytosis often in association with a lymphopenia, or an eosinophilia, either with or without a lymphocytosis.
Vet Rec 1992 Sep 19
PMID:Historical, clinical and laboratory features of 126 hyperthyroid cats. 141 11

Activities of arginase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were determined in sera obtained in a group of healthy women, women with verified carcinoma of the breast, benign mastopathy, a group of patients with carcinoma of various organs and a group of patients with acute viral hepatitis. Preoperative values of serum arginase activity in patients with breast carcinoma were up to 4-fold those found in healthy women. Sensitivity of the test was 86%. After the surgery, the activity decreased abruptly during the first week and normalised within 15-30 days. In benign diseases of the breast, the activity of arginase was normal. Serum arginase activity is raised in both benign and malignant liver diseases, however, the quotients alanine aminotransferase/arginase, aspartate aminotransferase/arginase and alkaline phosphatase/arginase differ significantly. Thus, use of alanine aminotransferase/arginase quotient implies a high degree of confidence in differentiating between increased arginase activity in mammary carcinoma (alanine aminotransferase/arginase = 0.572 +/- 0.278) and high arginase activity in hepatitis (alanine aminotransferase/arginase = 12.226 +/- 1.822).
Clin Chim Acta 1992 Sep 15
PMID:Arginase, a new marker of mammary carcinoma. 142 58

A 76-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of general fatigue in June 1987. He had received total gastrectomy against gastric carcinoma two years previously. The examinations revealed the elevation of GOT, GPT and gamma-GTP, and increased CT number of the liver. Specimen of the liver biopsy showed deposition of iron and slight fibrosis. He was diagnosed as idiopathic hemochromatosis. He was given deferoxamine, and his elevated GOT, GPT and gamma-GTP were normalized. Idiopathic hemochromatosis is frequently associated with various malignancies including hepatic carcinoma. However, only a few cases of idiopathic hemochromatosis associated with gastric carcinoma have been reported.
Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi 1992 Sep
PMID:[A case of idiopathic hemochromatosis associated with gastric cancer]. 142 60

The serum cholylglycine (CG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin levels were studied in 210 patients with hepatobiliary disease and in 70 healthy subjects. Serum CG concentrations in all the hepatobiliary diseases were found to be significantly higher than those of their controls. Patients with abnormal increases in ALT and bilirubin levels also showed raised CG concentrations; however, some patients with normal ALT and bilirubin levels, still had markedly elevated CG values. Patients with hepatic cirrhosis had high serum CG levels, followed, in descending order, by chronic active hepatitis and chronic persistent hepatitis. In the cholecystitis and cholelithiasis cases, their CG levels were significantly higher than those of the controls but lower than the values in hepatic disease patients; however, more cholecystitis cases had abnormally high serum bilirubin levels than CG. The results also show that serum CG concentrations vary in the different hepatobiliary diseases, and that serial CG measurements are more sensitive than measuring ALT and bilirubin levels in the diagnosis of hepatic diseases. Serum CG can be used as an index for evaluating the activity of chronic hepatitis; it can also be employed as a diagnostic tool in cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.
Horm Metab Res 1992 Sep
PMID:A correlative study on serum cholylglycine levels in hepatobiliary disease. 142 17

We studied gamma-interferon production of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to alpha-interferon in hepatitis B virus carriers and healthy individuals. The magnitude of gamma-interferon production was significantly higher in patients with anti-HBe antibody than in patients with HBe antigen and healthy individuals. Furthermore, alpha-interferon augmented the production of gamma-interferon of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with active liver injury [serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), greater than 40 U/L], but not that from patients with inactive liver injury (serum ALT, less than 40 U/L) or healthy individuals. These results suggested that alpha-interferon could enhance the cellular immune response against hepatitis B virus by augmenting the endogenous production of gamma-interferon in patients with active liver injury, implying that the responsiveness to alpha-interferon might be responsible for liver cell injury.
J Clin Immunol 1992 Sep
PMID:Effects of alpha-interferon on gamma-interferon production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in hepatitis B virus carriers. 143 Jan 5

In a 47-year-old male patient a tonsillar swelling was pointed out in May, 1991. Lymph node biopsy revealed that he had malignant lymphoma (diffuse large cell type). He had no hepatic dysfunction on admission, but because of positive hepatitis B (HB) antigen and negative HB antibody, he was diagnosed as an asymptomatic HB carrier. The staging examination showed that he had stage IIA lymphoma. Treatment with the COP-BLAM regimen was initiated on June 8. But the level of serum GOT and GPT increased to 286 IU/l and 392 IU/l, respectively. Serum DNA polymerase also increased to 9492 cpm. Interferon-alpha (3 x 10(6) units daily) was administered intramuscularly from June 8. Serum DNA polymerase decreased to zero on September 2, and his HBe antibody became positive indicating seroconversion. COP-BLAM chemotherapy without prednisolone was initiated from September 9 and complete remission was achieved. He was discharged from our hospital on September 25. It has been frequently reported that asymptomatic HB antigen carriers developed fulminant hepatitis during the course of chemotherapy. Our case suggests that it is necessary to continue chemotherapy in order to attain seroconversion by early use of interferon-alpha, when lymphoma patients display aggravated hepatic dysfunction and increased DNA polymerase levels.
Rinsho Ketsueki 1992 Sep
PMID:[Successful interferon-alpha treatment of hepatitis B developing during chemotherapy of malignant lymphoma]. 143 50

A 77-year-old male presented at our Department of Urology in August 1990 with a gradually enlarging swelling in the right scrotum. On August 21, right high orchietomy was performed. This was diagnosed histologically as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (diffuse large cell type), and the patient was transferred to our department on September 11 for further examination and treatment. As enlargement of the lymph nodes around the abdominal aorta was evident, it was diagnosed as stage IIA according to the Ann Arbor Classification. Beginning on September 21, three courses of COP-BLAM therapy (CPM, VCR, PDN, BLM, ADR, PCZ) were administered (the third course started on November 8) to achieve complete remission. Hepatic dysfunction appeared, however, from November 16, and by November 19, GOT and GPT increased to 6700 and 2120, respectively, with aggravation of jaundice. PDN therapy was instituted, and GOT and GPT improved gradually, but jaundice did not improve. On December 22, laparoscopy was performed, and liver biopsy produced histologic findings of drug-induced hepatitis. Further, lymphoblastic response was positive for CPM. Hepatic failure occurred on December 29, and plasma exchange was performed, but it failed to improve the condition, and the patient died on January 15. We described a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma complicated by hepatic dysfunction, probably induced by CPM, in an elderly patient who died to hepatic failure.
Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 1992 Sep
PMID:[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in an elderly patient complicated by cyclophosphamide-induced allergic hepatic dysfunction]. 143 65


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