Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Total serum creatine kinase (CK) and its isozyme activities were determined in dogs with dirofilariasis. Before heartworm removal, total CK and isozyme activities in dogs of the mild group were not different from those in dogs of the heartworm-free group. BB activity was higher in dogs of the hemoptysis group. Dogs of the ascites group displayed a mild increase in MM activity. In dogs of the caval syndrome (CS) group, total CK and MM activities were highest among the heartworm-free and heartworm-infected dogs, and MM isozyme accounted for most (75%) of total CK activity. MB and BB activities were also higher. However, there were no significant differences in CK activities between the surviving and non-surviving cases. In dogs with pulmonary heartworm disease (mild and ascites groups), MM activity correlated significantly with the number of heartworms (r = 0.45), hematocrit value (Ht, r = -0.40), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT, r = 0.42) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, r = 0.46) activities, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (r = 0.64) and total pulmonary resistance (r = 0.50). In dogs with CS, MM activity did not correlate with any parameter, but BB activity correlated with the number of heartworms at the right atrium (r = 0.61), Ht (r = -0.53), ALT (r = 0.80), LDH (r = 0.73) and serum urea nitrogen (r = 0.47). At 1 week after heartworm removal, BB and MM activity decreased in dogs of the hemoptysis and ascites groups, respectively. In dogs of the CS group, total CK and MM isozyme activities decreased markedly (P less than 0.01) regardless of their prognosis.
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PMID:Serum creatine kinase activities in dogs with dirofilariasis. 183 97

The author studied the characteristics of ACE inhibitor-induced cough in 41 non-smoking hypertensive patients. For at least 6 months, 20 patients (10 males and 10 females) were treated with enalapril, and 21 (11 males and 10 females) with aracepril. The results were as follows. 1) ACE inhibitor-induced cough was induced in 7 cases (1 male and 6 females). The incident rate of cough was 17.1%. ACE inhibitor-induced cough was not significantly related to past allergic history or to the beta-adrenergic blocker therapy. The laboratory findings of the cough sufferers--such as eosinophil percent in venous blood, serum GOT and GPT, urea nitrogen, creatinine, renal function (PSP excretion test and creatinine clearance), and pulmonary function (%FVC, FEV1.0% and %V25)--were not significantly different from those of the non-coughers. 2) Inhibitory effects of ipratropium bromide inhalation of ACE inhibitor-induced cough were noted in 83.3% of the patients, but their coughs did not completely disappear. From these findings, the pathogenesis of this cough may be related to be as follows. The cough seems to be related to the release of acetylcholine from vagal nerve terminals or to the stimulation of irritant receptors and vagal reflex. 3) Chronic persistent cough or bronchial asthma did not occur after stopping the treatment with ACE inhibitors. The mean follow-up period was 15.6 months.
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PMID:[Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-induced cough in non-smoking hypertensive patients]. 183 7

In the period of January 1978 to October 1988, 32 Le Veen shunts (LVS) were implanted in 20 patients, out of which 16 were alcoholic cirrhotics and 4 postnecrotic cirrhotics. In the present study, we correlated preoperative laboratory data of these patients with their postoperative evolution, comparing the clinical results of patients who survived more than 30 days (13 patients = 65%) with the results of those who died within the same period (7 patients = 35%). For that matter, 14 laboratory tests were performed in order to measure the serum levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, bilirubin, albumin, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, fibrinogen, gamma GT and prothrombin activity. After statistical analysis, we observed that 6 of the 14 tests performed could be considered of prognostic value in the following decreasing order of importance: fibrinogen, alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin activity, urea, gamma GT and bilirubin. We observed that all the 7 patients who died prematurely presented 3 or more of these levels altered, when compared with standard values. Based on these data, we concluded that serum levels of fibrinogen, alkaline phosphatase, urea, gamma GT, bilirubin and activity of prothrombin proved to be important factors in determining the prognosis of immediate survival in cirrhotic patients who underwent LVS implantation. We also concluded that when 3 or more of these factors are altered, the implant of LVS is contraindicated, whatever clinical criteria for indication and contraindication were taken into account.
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PMID:Prognostic value of preoperative tests in the surgical treatment of ascites with the implant of Le Veen shunts in cirrhotics. 184 48

1. The effects of nitrates and nitrites on growth, erythrocytic count, liver and kidney functions, humoral and cell mediated immune responses in cockerels were investigated. 2. Sodium nitrate (4.2 g/kg diet) and sodium nitrite (1.7 g/kg) retarded growth, caused methaemoglobinaemia and changes in erythrocytic count, serum concentrations of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, creatinine and urea. 3. Cockerels given nitrate or nitrite in the food had reduced haemagglutination responses after injection of sheep erythrocytes and a reduced delayed hypersensitivity reaction to purified protein derivative tuberculin following sensitisation to Bacille Calmette Guerin. 4. Nitrates and nitrites are environmental pollutants present in food and water and they may contribute to the aetiology of liver and kidney diseases and problems related to failure of immunity in domestic fowls.
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PMID:Pharmacotoxicological aspects of nitrate and nitrite in domestic fowls. 186 78

At sublethal concentrations, cypermethrin caused a decrease in total proteins and an increase in free amino acids, protease, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in liver, brain and gill tissues of Tilapia mossambica. Nitrogen metabolic profiles like ammonia, urea and glutamine were also elevated in all the tissues as a consequence of cypermethrin toxicity. Glutamate dehydrogenase, AMP deaminase and adenosine deaminase activity was also increased in the present study.
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PMID:Cypermethrin induced changes in nitrogen metabolism of fish, Tilapia mossambica. 187 79

Kochia foliage that had tested positive to Dragendorff's reagent (presumptive alkaloids) and had elicited chronic toxicosis when fed to rats was fed to sheep to characterize early stages of kochia toxicosis and evaluate treatments that might improve tolerance. Twelve fine-wool lambs (46 +/- 9 kg BW) were fed chopped kochia hay (35%) mixed with chopped alfalfa hay (65%) for 4 wk. The kochia diet had 14.3% CP and 39.9% ADF. Dry matter intake averaged 3.4% of BW/d. Body weight did not change during 4 wk and blood serum components were not changed from values at the onset. Thereafter, kochia was increased to 50% of diet for five more weeks, during which four treatments were imposed randomly (three lambs/treatment): 1) none; 2) N-acetyl-L-cysteine plus trans-stilbene oxide, 21 and 52 mg/kg of BW, respectively, given i.p. twice weekly; 3) retinyl palmitate, 275 mg, plus alpha-tocopherol, 300 mg/lamb dosed i.m. twice weekly; and 4) zinc sulfate mixed in the feed to provide 500 mg daily. Kochia contained 4.8% oxalate. The diet with 50% kochia had 16% CP and 36% ADF, and digestibility coefficients were 59% for DM, 72% for CP, and 59% for ADF. After 5 wk, blood glucose was elevated slightly, total bilirubin was increased about 1.5-fold (P less than .05), alanine aminotransferase was elevated slightly (P less than .05), and inorganic phosphorus and urea (blood urea N) were diminished (P less than .05); other serum components, including calcium, were unchanged from initial levels (P greater than .10). Treatments had negligible effects for modifying serum signs of mild chronic toxicosis associated with kochia hay fed as 50% of diet.
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PMID:Nutritional and toxicological evaluations of kochia hay (Kochia scoparia) fed to lambs. 188 1

Plasma components of 6 to 12-month-old beagles were examined using a Technicon auto-analyzer. Age-related changes were noted for 8 of the 21 components: the levels of total protein (T. Pro) and iron (Fe) gradually increased while those of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and inorganic phosphorus (Pi) persistently decreased in both sexes. Triglyceride (Trigly) in female dogs, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and urea nitrogen (Urea-N) in male dogs tended to increase. The following thirteen components showed no significant variation during the period of observation: glucose (Glu), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin (Alb), creatinine (Crea), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), total bilirubin (T. Bil), amylase (Amy), total cholesterol (T. Chol), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl) and calcium (Ca). Our results generally agree with the reported findings on beagles from various institutions.
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PMID:Plasma biochemistry values of young beagle dogs. 188 72

To study the potential of multivariate classification methods in order to obtain more insight into abnormal laboratory data from patients with sickle cell disease, we investigated standard haematological and clinical chemical variables of 18 controls and 37 apparently healthy persons with heterozygous sickle cell disease (Hb AS), all women, using both univariate and multivariate classification methods. In the univariate method, those with Hb AS showed decreased serum log aspartate aminotransferase (log AST) activity, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and increased sodium concentration. The multivariate method identified sodium, potassium, urea, uric acid, log AST, alanine aminotransferase and MCH as the variables that produced maximal separation between persons with Hb As and controls. It increased the 'non-error rate' for classification of persons with Hb AS by 16.4% compared with classification based on the variable, MCH, that produced maximal separation by the univariate method. The frequency distribution of percentage Hb S in the Hb AS group proved bimodal with maximal separation at 37.0% Hb S. The subgroup with 37.0% or less (n = 16) was considered to have concomitant heterozygous alpha-thalassaemia-2. In the univariate method the subgroup characterized by greater than 37.0% Hb S (n = 21) had increased serum sodium and uric acid concentrations, perhaps related to sickle cell nephropathy, whereas the subgroup with less than or equal to 37% Hb S did not. The multivariate method added information to the univariate method by additionally identifying abnormalities in serum potassium and urea concentrations in the former subgroup.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Potential of descriptive linear discriminant analysis for studying clinical chemical and haematological data from persons with heterozygous sickle cell disease. 189 49

The laboratory contribution in the care of a seriously ill child is essential to plan and organize the therapy after the first-step emergency care and to know the aethiology of the illness. The most acute syndromes in pediatric emergency care are: coma, convulsions, dehydration, metabolic disequilibrium, hypovolemic or anaphylactic shock, serious infectious diseases and chemical or drug poisoning. The laboratory tests which have to be available within few minutes are blood cell count, hemogasanalysis, sodium, potassium and calcium, glucose. Total proteins, serum creatinine and urea, bleeding tests, blood smear, sedimentation rate, ALT, AST, osmolality, urinary electrolytes and creatinine and cerebrospinal fluid examination should be available within sixty minutes. New accurate and rapid techniques and instrumentations make easier the diagnostic and therapeutical approach to pediatric emergency.
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PMID:Pediatric emergency laboratory. 189 92

Nineteen purebred Beagles of various ages (4, 5, 13, and 47 weeks) were inoculated with North American Trypanosoma cruzi isolates obtained from an opossum (Tc-O), an armadillo (Tc-A), or a dog (Tc-D). Dogs were grouped on the basis of clinical outcome of infection. During the acute stage of disease, dogs of group 1 (n = 7 inoculated with Tc-O or Tc-A) died or were euthanatized because of the severity of disease. Dogs of group 2 (n = 5 inoculated with Tc-O or Tc-A) developed acute disease, but survived to develop chronic disease. Dogs of group 3 (n = 7 Tc-D-inoculated dogs) developed neither acute nor chronic disease. Dogs of group 4 (n = 4--2 dogs 13 weeks old and 2 dogs 47 weeks old) served as noninoculated controls. Clinical signs associated with severe acute myocarditis developed in dogs of groups 1 and 2 between postinoculation day (PID) 15 and 28. Generalized lymphadenopathy and lymphocytosis were observed in all dogs of groups 1, 2, and 3 between PID 14 and 17. Serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activities and urea nitrogen concentration were high, and glucose concentration was low prior to death of dogs in group 1. Serum activities of isoenzymes of creatine kinase were significantly (P less than 0.05) high in only 1 dog (group 1), whereas serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme activities were not significantly high in any dog.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinical, clinicopathologic, and parasitologic observations of trypanosomiasis in dogs infected with North American Trypanosoma cruzi isolates. 190 5


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