Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have experienced a case of fulminant malignant hyperthermia who was a 63-year-old female weighing 44 kg. There was no particular past history nor family history. She underwent right mastoidectomy because of chronic otitis media. Her preoperative physical status was ASA I. She was premedicated with diazepam 10 mg and loxatigine 75 mg P.O. The induction was done with thiamylal 200 mg IV and fentanyl 0.1 mg IV followed by vecuronium 6 mg IV for endotracheal intubation. Intubation was easy and uneventful. Anesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide 3 l.min-1, oxygen 3 l.min-1 and enflurane 2.0%. Seventy min after the induction of anesthesia, arterial blood gas analysis showed severe respiratory acidosis (PCO2: 63.2 mmHg, pH: 7.27) and it was improved with manual hyperventilation at that time. Pulse rate increased from 80 to 115 b.p.m. 20 minutes later. Then, the patient was ventilated with 100% oxygen, and anesthetic circuits and machine were exchanged for new units. Surgery was postponed. Muscle stiffness of upper extremities was observed and her temperature increased to a maximum of 38.9 degrees C. Surface cooling was started and dantrolene sodium 60 mg and furosemide 20 mg were given intravenously. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit, and clinical signs improved gradually within one hour. Serum enzymes; CPK, LDH, GOT and GPT increased on the first postoperative day. On the 11 th postoperative day skeletal muscle biopsy was done under local anesthesia with 1% procaine and Ca-induced Ca-release rate test revealed positive for enflurane. This is the oldest patient of malignant hyperthermia reported in Japan.
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PMID:[A case report of a 63-year-old patient with malignant hyperthermia]. 161 62

A 53-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital due to high fever, arthralgia and skin rash. Main laboratory data included the following: WBC 17,100/mm, GOT 58 U, GPT 47 U, LDH 1,510 U, ferritin 19,000 ng/ml, adenosine deaminase 79.1 U/l. She was diagnosed as having adult-onset Still's disease. Aspirin (3.0 g/day) and prednisolone (40 mg/day) were administered. All the symptoms and laboratory data improved rapidly. Adenosine deaminase, ferritin, and LDH are considered to originate mainly from the liver. Liver injury in this disease may be a primary lesion, and various serum markers may be associated with the liver abnormalities.
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PMID:Adult-onset Still's disease: hepatic involvement and various serum markers relating to the disease activity. 192 Sep 66

Interference by some commonly used analgesic and antirheumatic drugs in the spectrophotometric and colorimetric assays of serum enzymes was examined. None of the investigated methods was significantly influenced by caffeine, phenacetin, ibuprofen or indomethacin. Acetylsalicylic acid affected the continuous assays of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase (with pyruvate as substrate), and the colorimetric assay of alanine aminotransferase. Aminophenazone interfered with the colorimetric method for determination of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, while phenobarbital interfered only with the continuous method for lactate dehydrogenase (with L-lactate as substrate). Ketoprofen interfered with the colorimetric assays of lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase, while diclofenac affected the continuous assay of aspartate aminotransferase. None of the tested drugs interfered with the continuous methods for the determination of alkaline phosphatase and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase.
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PMID:Effects on analgesic and antirheumatic drugs on the assay of serum enzymes. 649 17

We investigated the factors which may influence post-operative liver and renal function using a multiple regression analysis after isoflurane or sevoflurane anesthesia in 844 patients (ASA I or II, age 20-90 yr). Hepatic and renal surgeries were excluded from this study. The parameters examined were sex, age, degree of obesity, preoperative liver function, preoperative renal function, infection with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus, inhalation anesthetics used, MAC.h of anesthesia, the duration of operation, blood loss, amount of blood transfusion, urine volume during operation, and surgical site. Serum GOT, GPT, total bilirubin, BUN and serum creatinine were examined on the 3rd and 7th day after surgery. An increase in serum GOT, GPT or bilirubin was observed for each of the following parameters; male, infection with hepatitis C virus, long operation, and upper abdominal surgery. Postoperative BUN and serum creatinine increased in patients with preoperative renal dysfunction, in elderly patients, and in hepatitis C carriers.
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PMID:[Multiple regression analysis of pre- and intra-operative factors in relation to post-operative liver and renal functions]. 854 85

Patients with epilepsy on long term antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy deserve special consideration not only concerning seizure control but also the effect on anaesthetic metabolism and hepatorenal functions. In the present study, we examined the effects of sevoflurane anaesthesia on plasma inorganic fluoride (F-) level and hepatorenal function in patients with and without AED therapy. Twenty-two patients (12 with AEDs = AED group, and ten without AEDs = control group = C group), ASA I, who were free of hepatorenal disease, received approximately 2-3 h sevoflurane anaesthesia. Plasma F- analysis was performed at the stages of: 1) induction of anaesthesia, 2) conclusion of anaesthesia, 3) 15 h after the conclusion of anaesthesia, using an ion-selective electrode calibrated with a standard solution of sodium fluoride. Pre- and postoperative hepatic (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin) and renal (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine) function was tested. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the average age (AED group = 9.4 and control group = 10.1 y.o.), body weight, duration of anesthesia, and MAC hours (2.6 and 2.4). The mean peak F- levels were 15.5 and 13.6 microM, in AED and C groups (not significant), respectively. No patient exhibited F- values greater than 50 microM, the hypothetical nephrotoxic threshold. The patients showed no abnormal values either in hepatic or renal function tests postoperatively. These results suggest approximately 2-3 h sevoflurane anaesthesia to be safe in patients taking AEDs.
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PMID:Clinical characteristics and biotransformation of sevoflurane in paediatric patients during antiepileptic drug therapy. 888 Aug 18

The effects of graded doses of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and cataflam (potassium diclofenac) on serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, 5'Nucleotidase, methaemoglobin, total and conjaged bilirubin were investigated in wistar rats. Results showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the levels of alanine animotransferase, aspartate amino transferase, methaemoglobin, total and conjugated bilirubin upon treatment of animals with both drugs. Aspirin significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.00) the activity of alkaline phsophatase but increased the activity of 5'ucleotidase while cataflam significantly increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.001) and 5'nucletodase (P < 0.05). These effects were however dose dependent and the biochemical implications of these results are discussed.
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PMID:Effects of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and Cataflam (potassium diclofenac) on some biochemical parameters in rats. 1049 58

Propofol in emulsion formulation is widely used for anesthesia during operation and sedation in ICU. We investigated the effect of propofol used as a main anesthetic on post-operative serum lipid concentration. Nineteen patients with ASA physical status I or II scheduled for elective operations were enrolled in this study. We measured triglycerides and total cholesterol (pre-operatively, post-operatively and on post-operative day 1) along with AST, ALT and T-Bil (pre-operatively and on post-operative day 1). Intraoperative infusion rate of propofol was 6.9 +/- 2.64 mg.kg-1.hr-1. Serum triglyceride concentration increased significantly post-operatively (P < 0.05). Serum total cholesterol concentration decreased significantly post-operatively and on post-operative day 1 (P < 0.05). Serum AST concentration increased significantly on post-operative day 1. But there were no significant changes in ALT and T-Bil concentration. Additionally, no significant correlation was found between intraoperative infusion rate of propofol and difference in pre- and post-operative triglyceride concentrations (r = 0.44). The soya bean oil content of propofol solution is equivalent to that of 10% fat solution. With 10% fat infusion rates of below 0.1 mg.kg-1.hr-1 (equall to propofol 10 mg.kg-1.hr-1), serum lipid concentration did not increase. But our results suggested that serum triglyceride concentration may increase significantly post-operatively after intra-operative propofol infusion at a rate of 4-9 mg.kg-1.hr-1.
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PMID:[Effect of intra-operative propofol administration on post-operative serum lipid concentrations]. 1159 11

Propofol in emulsion formulation is widely used for operation and sedation in ICU. We retrospectively investigated the effect of dopamine on post-operative serum lipid concentrations after propofol administration. Twenty three patients with ASA physical status I or II scheduled for elective operations were enrolled in this study; 15 patients in the non-dopamine administration group (Group P) and 8 patients in the dopamine administration group (Group Dopa-P). We measured triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-chol) pre-operatively, post-operatively and on post-operative day 1 and AST, ALT preoperatively and on post-operative day 1. Serum TG concentration increased significantly in post-operative measurements in Group-P (P < 0.05). But there was no significant change in TG in Group Dopa-P. Serum T-chol concentration decreased significantly post-operatively and on post-operative day 1 in both groups (P < 0.05). Serum AST and ALT concentrations increased significantly on post-operative day 1 (P < 0.05). With 10% fat infusion rates below 0.1 mg.kg-1.hr-1 (equal to propofol 10 mg.kg-1.hr-1), serum lipid concentration did not increase. But our results suggest that the serum TG concentration may increase significantly post-operatively after intra-operative propofol administration and dopamine may decrease serum TG level.
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PMID:[The effect of dopamine on serum lipid concentration after propofol administration]. 1192 96

Aspirin is commonly used as an anti-inflammatory therapy for Kawasaki syndrome. Early initiation with high dose aspirin (80 to > 100 mg/kg per day), followed by low-dose therapy at the afebrile stage, has been often used to reduce morbidity and mortality in coronary complications. We report a 10-month-old infant who was diagnosed with Kawasaki syndrome. Sudden onset of poor activity, poor appetite, lethargy, tachycardia, tachypnea, hepatomegaly, increased AST/ALT, coagulopathy and hyperammonemia developed 3 days after the high-dose aspirin therapy. His histopathological and ultrastructural findings from the liver biopsy were compatible with Reye's syndrome. He recovered completely, and there was no recurrence.
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PMID:Reye's syndrome developing in an infant on treatment of Kawasaki syndrome. 1595 35

Aspirin is widely used as an antiinflammatory drug especially in children with rheumatic fever arthritis. The diminishing effects of aspirin on antioxidant enzymes and hepato-renal systems at high doses are well-known. It is now evident that the damage at antioxidant system worsens the clinical picture of the disease and prolongs the treatment time. Thus, we investigated the effect of antioxidant enzyme cofactors-zinc and selenium-supplementation on superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (erythrocyte and liver) and hepato-renal toxicity during aspirin treatment at therapeutic doses. The rats were divided into five groups. The first and second groups were given aspirin 75 mg/kg/day and aspirin plus selenium (Selenium 200, selenium 200 mg tablet as selenium yeast, GNC) and zinc (Zinc 100, zinc 100 mg tablet as zinc gluconate, GNC), respectively, the third and fourth take 50 mg/kg/day aspirin and aspirin plus selenium and zinc twice a day, respectively. The fifth group was control. The rats were treated with aspirin for 5 weeks as in the treatment of rheumatic fever arthritis in children. Erythrocyte SOD and MDA levels were preserved with supplementation, whereas there was no change for GSH-Px levels. Liver SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA levels were not changed. In zinc- and selenium-supplemented groups, the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, and direct bilirubin levels were found statistically decreased compared with nonsupplemented groups. There was no significant histopathologic change in specimens of hepatic and renal tissues. Trace element supplementation may prevent free radical damage and shorten treatment time in children using long-term aspirin treatment.
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PMID:Do zinc and selenium prevent the antioxidant, hepatic and renal system impairment caused by aspirin in rats? 1830 10


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