Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For the purpose of clarifying the cause of white muscle disease (WMD) in calves, tocopherol and selenium levels and blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were measured on 10 calves with WMD and nine of their dams. The main clinical symptoms of the 10 calves with WMD were motor disturbances including recumbency and stiffness. Serum enzyme activities (GOT, GPT, CPK, LDH) in calves with WMD increased markedly, and this increase was also observed in some of their dams. Serum tocopherol levels of calves with WMD were low, 70% of which showing deficient levels of less than 70 micrograms/100 ml. Serum selenium levels of all the calves were lower than 35 ppb, indicating a deficiency, and were accompanied by low blood GSH-Px activity. alpha-Tocopherol and selenium concentrations in organs were very low. Dams of calves with WMD showed low serum tocopherol levels, 22% of which indicating deficient levels below 150 micrograms/100 ml. Serum selenium levels in dams showed a marked decrease to under 20 ppb, and also low blood GSH-Px activity. Feedstuffs supplied in the farms to affected calves indicated very low alpha-tocopherol contents (below 3 mg/100g DM) and low selenium concentrations below 50 ppb in DM. It was concluded that WMD in calves was attributable to nutritional muscular dystrophy caused by deficiencies in tocopherol and selenium in feedstuffs supplied to their dams.
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PMID:Studies on serum tocopherol, selenium levels and blood glutathione peroxidase activities in calves with white muscle disease. 258 29

The effect of vitamin E administration on the severity of myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol on rats was studied. Judging from serum enzyme activity (CPK 714 micromoles; GOT 291.7 micromoles; and GPT 155.5 micromoles), mortality rate (60 to 65% survived) and histopathological observation, vitamin E has been observed to offer very little protection to the myocardium during experimental myocardial infarction when compared to control animals given isoproterenol alone (CPK 775.8 micromoles; GOT 336.2 micromoles; and GPT 168 micromoles), mortality rate (60 to 65% survived) and histopathological observation (more or less similar). The level of lipid peroxides namely hydroperoxides (control 3.15; vitamin E + iso. 14.8); conjugated diene (4.45 and 6.85) and malondialdehyde (1.22 and 2.55) in the heart were higher in the vitamin E treated animals given isoproterenol when compared to control animals given vitamin E alone. The level of cholesterol and phospholipid was more or less similar in the control animals given vitamin E alone (183.6 and 3.12) and vitamin E treated animals given isoproterenol (170.25 and 2.49), but the ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid was higher in the vitamin E treated animals given isoproterenol when compared to control animals given vitamin E alone.
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PMID:Effect of vitamin E on the severity of myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol. 262 16

A 6-year-old girl with cerebral palsy developed conscious disturbance and generalized convulsion after one-hour hot herb drug bath. Physical examination on admission revealed rectal temperature 41 degrees C, hot skin, respiration 46/min, regular heart beat 98/min, BP 130/60 mmHg, Glascow coma scale 4 (E2M1V1), soft and flat abdomen, no hepatosplenomegaly, no skin rash, no focal neurological sign, increased generalized muscle ton. Laboratory data showed CBC: WBC 20400 cumm (Neutrophils 31%, Lymphocytes 69%), Hb 11.6gm%, ESR 11 mm/hr, arterial blood gas: PH 7.077, PO2 43mmHg, PCO2 57.1mmHg, HCO3- 16 mEq/L, BE-11.5mEq/L, serum sodium 143 mEq./L, potassium 5.2 mEq/L, chloride 101 mEq/L, free calcium ion 3.8mg%, GOT 63IU/L, GPT 263 IU/L, amylase 193 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase 388 IU/L, LDH 1245 IU/L, CPK 677 IU/L, total bilirubin 0.8 mg/dl, direct type 0.1 mg/dl, BUN 18 mg/dl, Glucose 35 mg/dl. Urinalysis revealed proteinuria( ) trace hematuria and pyuria, but no cast. Lumbar puncture is within normal limits. Bacteriology including blood and CSF are normal. Multiple organ failure was noted at that time. Intensive cooling methods were performed including central and peripheral cooling. We used luminal and valium to control the seizure. Condition didn't improve. Afterwards cardiopulmonary arrest developed. Patient expired 8 hours after admission despite of resuscitation. Heat stroke in infancy and childhood is different from that in adulthood. The predisposing factors are high ambient temperature, dehydration, very young baby, sweat gland dysfunction, or ectodermal dysplasia. Definition of heat stroke includes 1) rectal temperature above 41 degrees C, 2) behavioral change, 3) warm skin, wet or dry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Status epilepticus induced by prolonged immersion in hot herb bath: report of one case]. 263 19

This study examined the effect of exercise on liver function in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). 1) Twenty-five patients with CLD (21 with chronic hepatitis (CH) and 4 with liver cirrhosis (LC] and 10 healthy subjects were administered an exercise test employing a treadmill. The load applied was 6.5 Mets and was administered for a period of 10 min. The serum levels of S-GOT, S-GPT, LDH, CPK, triglyceride, GOTm and GLDH were measured before exercise and 1 h, 24 h and 7 days after exercise in the patients with CLD, and before and 24 h after exercise in the healthy subjects. i. The patients with CLD showed an increase in GLDH 24 h after exercise (p less than 0.005), a decline in LDH 1 h (p less than 0.05) and 24 h (p less than 0.01) after exercise, and a decrease in triglyceride 24 h after exercise (p less than 0.005) as compared with pre-exercise values. No significant changes were observed in S-GOT, S-GPT, CPK or GOTm levels. ii. The mean values and standard deviations (SD) of S-GOT and S-GPT during the 3-month period immediately preceding the study were calculated for all 25 patients. Increases in S-GOT of more than 1 SD were observed after exercise in 5 patients (20%); another 5 patients (20%) showed similar increases in S-GPT. The number of overlapping cases in which increases in both S-GOT and S-GPT were observed was 2 (8%). iii. No significant differences were found in mean HR during exercise/predicted max HR, or mean BP during exercise between patients with increased S-GOT and those without, or between patients with increased S-GPT and those without. iv. In the healthy subjects, there was a significant increase in GOTm (p less than 0.05) following exercise, but no such increase in S-GOT, S-GPT, CPK or GLDH. 2) The number of steps taken per day measured by a pedometer was selected as a parameter of daily exercise and examined in 14 patients with CLD (9 with CH and 5 with LC). No significant correlation was found between mean number of walking steps and S-GOT and S-GPT levels for patients with either type of CLD. The results of this study indicate that moderate exercise was well tolerated in the majority of patients with CLD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[The effects of exercise on liver function in patients with chronic liver disease]. 273 8

The present work summarises the experience gained with the use of extracorporeal hemoperfusion in 45 patients suffering from rheumatic diseases. During hemoperfusion, there was a decrease in the initially activated LDH, CPK, AST, ALT and AP. The reduction of the content of phospholipids and cholesterol in plasma and red blood cells is assessed as an adverse effect of hemoperfusion, since the content of phospholipids and cholesterol was under normal before hemoperfusion. The changes indicated point to the necessity of administering antioxidants and exogenous phospholipids.
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PMID:[Hemosorption in systemic vasculitis]. 278 70

Twelve patients with disseminated breast cancer were injected with monoclonal antibody MBr1 at the National Cancer Institute of Milan, Italy, from January 1983 to March 1985. The first seven patients had advanced disease and the remaining five operable breast cancer. In the first seven patients the initial dosage of MBr1 was 0.5 mg and was doubled in the next patient up to 16 mg. The last five women received 10 mg of MBr1. No general side effects such as bronchospasm, hypotension, immediate or delayed allergic reactions were observed. Four patients who were injected with 10 mg or more experienced fever, shudder and vague abdominal and articular pain. The following tests were monitored: R.B.C., W.B.C., percentage of lymphocytes, blood glucose, urea nitrogen and creatinine, serum levels of Na+, K+, Cl-, total proteins levels, albumins and globulins, bilirubin, GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, amylase, gamma GT and CPK. No major modifications were observed: a limited increase of the transaminases, LDH and gamma GT was evident at the last check. An early temporary alteration of CPK was observed in the four patients who had symptoms. Serum levels of MBr1 are detectable immediately after injection starting from 4 mg, and all sera were negative 48 hours later. It is concluded that the scanty toxicity allows to continue clinical investigations to verify the linkage between MBr1 and Ca-MBr1 "in vivo" after a single injection of no more than 16 mg of the MoAb. The increase of this dosage as well as multiple injections do not seem safe at present.
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PMID:Evaluation of toxic effects following administration of monoclonal antibody MBr1 in patients with breast cancer. 287 47

Clinical and biochemical responses were studied after taking the measures to prevent nutrition muscular dystrophy in young cattle in the given ecological conditions. Analyzing the biological material (blood, hair, feed, soil), we found the sufficiently high saturation of heifer organisms with the microelement selenium and on the contrary, vitamin E deficiency. Sensitive indicators of the break-down of muscular tissue were the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and mainly creatinine kinase (CPK): the activities of these enzymes increased significantly after the heifers had been driven to pasture. The stay of animals in the run to get them used to the physical load before going to the pasture was not found to be a sufficient measure to prevent muscular nutrition myodystrophy if the animals had not been administered vitamin E and selenium supplements. Of the one hundred heifers we examined, seven animals began to show the signs of nutrition muscular dystrophy; none of these animals had been administered vitamin E and selenium supplements.
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PMID:[Clinical and biochemical response in the prevention of nutritional myodystrophy in heifers]. 310 11

In the cerebrospinal fluid and serum the activity was determined of phosphocreatine kinase (CPK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AspAT) and alanine transaminase (AlAT) in 107 cases of multiple sclerosis. The results were compared with those in a control group of neurosis and a highly significant (three times) increase was observed in the activity of CPK and LDH in the cerebrospinal fluid as a result of organic damage to the brain tissue. By chromatographic method direct data were obtained indicating that increased CPK activity in the cerebrospinal fluid was connected with the CK-BB isoenzyme, that is with the cerebral fraction of the enzyme.
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PMID:[Studies of alanine and aspartate transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase and phosphocreatine kinase levels in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum in multiple sclerosis]. 322 55

A 32-year-old male (Mr. A.), monitored during an 8-d heat acclimation (HA) investigation, unexpectedly exhibited heat intolerance and heat exhaustion. Thirteen other males completed HA without indications of either heat intolerance or heat exhaustion. Because Mr. A. responded normally to HA on days 1-4, the intervention of an unknown host factor on days 5-8 was suggested. Mr. A.'s heat exhaustion episode (day 8) was apparently forewarned by loss of body weight and increased delta HR, delta Tsk (days 5-8) and delta Tre (days 7-8) during daily 90-min trials. His symptoms indicated classical salt depletion heat exhaustion, but the calculated salt deficit (less than 0.1 g NaCl.kg-1 body weight) was mild. Post-heat exhaustion serum enzyme levels were either normal (ALT, AST) or acutely elevated (CPK). Blood beta-endorphin and cortisol levels were six times and two times greater than control values, respectively. This case report is unique because clinical/physiological measurements and blood analyses were performed before, during, and after heat intolerance and heat exhaustion.
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PMID:Heat intolerance, heat exhaustion monitored: a case report. 335 82

Fifty-four patients with acute myocardial infarction were evaluated repeatedly, with 28 of those treated with piracetam, and 26 used as controls. Piracetam produced a considerable favorable effect on the clinical course of myocardial infarction, as reflected in a more rapid clinical improvement of acute circulatory insufficiency and an analgetic effect. The drug reduced heart rate and moderately elevated systolic arterial blood pressure. Positive changes in total CPK, LDH, AST and ALT activities, and in ECG from 12 and 35 leads were quicker to come.
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PMID:[Therapeutic use of piracetam in myocardial infarct patients]. 357 22


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