Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors describe different properties of brain mitochondrial and cell sap alanine aminotransferase. They showed that the mitochondrial enzyme was inhibited by maleate, chlorides, acetate and phosphate with a high ionic strength (over 1.8), that its pH optimum lay between 7.5 and 8.5, that it was thermolabile at over 40 degrees C and that it was salted out from solutions with ammonium sulphate at 0.6--0.8 saturation. The activity of the cell sap enzyme was inhibited by phosphate at an ionic strength of only 0.12, less markedly by maleate and not at all by chlorides and acetate; its pH optimum was about 8, it was thermostable up to 60 degrees C and was precipitated from ammonium sulphate solution at between 0.35 and 0.6 saturation. The authors conclude from their results that two different alanine aminotransferase enzymes are present in the CNS.
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PMID:Some psysicochemical properties of mitochondrial and cell sap alanine aminotransferase from the rat CNS. 0 Jul 1

Sequential therapy to regulate menstruation was administered to 30 women to determine if liver functions are disturbed by contraceptive use. 15 women aged 16-22, used a sequential preparation consisting of ethinyl estradiol and norethisterone acetate. These patients showed significant decreases in aminotransferase GPT and alkaline phosphatase in the last (gestagen) stage of treatment, and slight increases in alpha-amylase and beta-globulin throughout the therapy. In the 15 women aged 17-34 who used ethinyl estradiol and chlormadinone acetate, the ZST showed a significant increase during the therapy. No significant changes in the liver function could be shown by these tests. These preparations are recommended for treatment of disturbances of menstrual cycles; tests of liver functions during treatment are unnecessary. The length of the estrogen and estrogen-gestagen phases of the treatment should be equal to prevent hormonal imbalance.
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PMID:[Liver function tests under the influence of sequential treatment using ethinyl estradiol-norethisterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol-chlormadinone acetate]. 6 69

During the first cycle of treatment the influence of four forms of sequence therapy with mestranol and ethinyl estradiol as estrogen and the two gestagens chlormadinone acetate and norethisteron acetate in women at fertile age was examined for the aminotransferases (GOT and GPT), the activity of alkaline phosphatase and alpha-amylase, for the cholesterol, total bilirubin and total protein content of the serum and for the half-life period of indocyanine green. Under the application of mestranol/chlormadinon acetate an estrogen-induced increase of the activity of the alanine aminotransferase (GPT) from 6.38 units/l to 12.14 units/l may be established, after addition of the gestagen chlormadinon acetate a decrease to 5.34 units/l was to be established. Under the sequence therapy with mestranol/norethisteron acetate only an increase of the alpha1-globulin proportion was to be ascertained. All the other changes of the tested parameters including the half-life period of indocyanine green were not essential.
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PMID:[Liver function studies under the effect of 4 sequential hormonal contraceptives]. 8 73

The effects of two sequential therapies using mestranol as an estrogen and chlormadinone acetate and norethisterone acetate, respectively, as a gestagen on the aminotransferase (GOT and GPT), alkaline phosphatase and alpha-amylase activities, the cholesterol, total bilirubin and total protein contents and the indocyanine green (Ujoviridin, VEB Chemiekombinat Bitterfeld) half-life were studied in two groups, each comprising 12 women of fertile age. The serum protein was separated by paper electrophoresis and both the thymol turbidity and zinc sulphate tests were performed during the first treatment cycle. An estrogen-induced rise in alanine aminotransferase (GPT) activity from 6.31 U/liter to 12.14 U/liter was observed during application of the mestranol/chlormadinone acetate therapy. The value dropped to 5.34 U/liter when chlormadinone acetate was administered as a gestagen in addition to the estrogen. No significant changes were noted in the other biochemical parameters. Sequential therapy involving application of mestranol and norethisterone acetate produced only statistically secured rises in the alpha 1-globulin content and the GPT activity. All other changes in the different parameters remained within the normal range and were statistically insignificant.
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PMID:Studies on liver function under the influence of oral contraceptives. 8 70

2 different sequence preparations were administered to 2 groups of 20 women, 17-41 years of age. Several biochemical parameters, including Ujoviridin ICG tests, were taken 2 days before o.c. use, on the day that the gestagen component was begun, and on the final day of sequential preparation use. In the group takine .08 mg mestranol and 2 mg chlormadinon acetate, a significant increase of the GPT values was observed during the first phase of the sequential preparation. After the gestagen component was introduced, the GPT fell significantly to below initial levels. In the group taking .08 mg mestranol and 1 mg norethisterone acetate, significant increases in the chi-one-globulin levels and the GPT were observed during the first phase of treatment. All other values remained within normal levels, and no significant difference was found between the results obtained from the 2 preparations.
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PMID:[Liver function studies under the influence of hormonal contraceptives (sequential preparations)]. 8 22

1. Liver and serum aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) activities were measured in a hibernating desert lizard, Uromastix hardwickii. The levels of both enzymes were found to be lower in hibernation than during the active period, particularly in the liver. 2. After intramuscular injection of 2 mg of cortisone acetate there was a rapid rise in the levels of these enzymes with a peak of 18 hours (GOT) and 12 hours (GPT). 3. The response of both enzymes to cortisone was much greater during the active period than during hibernation. 4. GOT showed a much more rapid and greater response to cortisone than GPT. This is in contrast to the response of rat liver where GPT is more responsive to this hormone. 5. These studies indicate that the transferase enzymes of this lizard differ from those of the rat in their sensitivity and time of response to cortisone.
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PMID:Effect of cortisone on aspartate and alanine aminotransferases in a desert lizard. 14 52

The effect of the 3-monthly injectable contraceptive depot medroxyporgesterone acetate (DMPA) on liver function and lipids was assessed in Thai women both with and without liver fluke (Ophisthorchis viverrini) infestation. DMPA administration was started in the immediate postpartum period and women who accepted immediate postpartum IUD insertion of sterilization were recruited as a control group. Complete 18-month followup results were obtained for 108 DMPA and 106 control fluke-positive subjects and for 89 DMPA and 74 fluke-negative subjects. No woman in any of the groups developed signs or symptoms of hepatic disease and the DMPA users had fewer health-related complaints during followup than the control subjects. Over 80% of both groups of users were amenorrheic 18 months postpartum, compared with about 15% of those in the control group. A large majority of subjects in each group continued to breastfeed for the entire study period without complaint. Weight change was small and similar in both the DMPA and control groups. Total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase levels at 6, 12, and 18 months in the DMPA groups were generally equivalent to or lower than those in the corresponding control groups. Cholesterol levels were significantly decreased in the fluke-positive DMPA subjects while serum triglycerides were significantly decreased in both DMPA groups compared with their controls throughout the followup period. We conclude that during 18 months of use, DMPA did not cause any deleterious effects on health or on the metabolic factors studied in women with and without liver fluke infestation.
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PMID:Effects of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in Thai women with liver fluke infestation: final results. 16 23

We measured creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) activity in 1009 serum samples from 538 patients in the intensive-care units of the University of Texas Medical Branch hospitals. Creatine kinase isoenzymes migrating cathodal to skeletal muscle creatine kinase (CK-MM) on cellulose acetate electrophoresis were found in sera from 14 of the 538 patients. Creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), and alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2) activities were abnormally increased in these 14 patients. Liver lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme (LDH5) and cardiac creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) were abnormally increased in 12 and eight of these patients, respectively. Ten of the 14 patients died during their hospital admission. We believe the creatine kinase isoenzymes that migrated cathodal to skeletal muscle creatine kinase (CK-MM) were of mitochondrial origin.
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PMID:Creatine kinase isoenzymes of mitochondrial origin in human serum. 44 29

In order to study the role of autoimmune processes in the origin of changes occurring during prolonged bed rest, 9 young male test subjects were examined during 30-day and 21--49 day bed rest experiments and recovery periods. No antibodies to antigens of the heart, liver, and kidneys were found. Ten out of 21 test subjects at the end of bed rest and 12 test subjects during recovery showed a high titer of the circulating cardiac antigen. Electro-, mechano, and polycardiographic stadies demonstrated that the subjects with the circulating cardiac antigen displayed more marked changes in the ECG T-wave and the contractile function of the myocardium. These changes were accompanied by activation of the enzymes ALT, ACT and LDH.
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PMID:[Clinical immunological observations of persons in a period of prolonged hypokinesia and the readaptation thereafter]. 69 70

Blood sampling by catheterisation of the abdominal aorta to test plasma haemoglobin and various plasma enzyme activities was compared with two other blood sampling techniques and their application to farm-kept minks under general anaesthesia, cardiac puncture and tail-tip amputation. The plasma haemoglobin values in plasma obtained from the abdominal aorta were significantly lower than those recorded from the two other blood sampling techniques, which applied to plasma enzyme activities, as well. Those findings were equal for males and females. The plasma enzyme activities tested were glutamate oxalo-acetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and malic dehydrogenase. Some plasma enzyme actvities were tested from a random sample of 164 animals for sex-dependence (88 males and 76 non-pregnant unserved females), with no consideration being given to blood sampling techniques. The standards or physiological indices derived from those tests are reported.
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PMID:[Morphology and biochemistry of various Mustelidae. 2. Effect of different blood collection technics on various plasma enzyme activities in Mink (Mustela vision Schreber, 1777)]. 74 38


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