Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Activities of 12 enzymes (amylase, lipase, cholinesterase, nonspecific carboxyl esterase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase, glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and peroxidase) were determined in the perienteric fluid and homogenate of Ascaris suum. With the exception of amylase, all activities were higher in the homogenate than in the perienteric fluid. The enzyme activities in the perienteric fluid were then compared with those in the human serum. Comparable activities were demonstrated for LDH, LAP, lipase and alkaline phosphatase, markedly higher activities in perienteric fluid were demonstrated for MDH, GOT, GPT and amylase, and much lower for cholinesterase. No gamma-GT activity was detected in the perienteric fluid.
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PMID:Activities of some enzymes in the perienteric fluid of Ascaris suum. 619 63

A clinical and serological study was performed on 267 of 636 volunteers vaccinated against Argentine hemorrhagic fever with the XJCl3 attenuated strain of Junin virus seven to nine years earlier, in order to determine their long-term evolution. This study included a clinical examination, a chest roentgenogram, an electrocardiogram, and the following laboratory determinations: white and red cell count, number of platelets, hematocrit, hemoglobin, sedimentation rate (Katz index), urea, nitrogen, glucose concentration, cholesterol, GOT, GPT, gamma GT, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase, and total bilirubin. Neutralization reactions were performed to determine presistence of antibody levels. All clinical and laboratory findings were within normal limits, excluding a long-term pathology attributable to the virus. Of 165 tested sera, 153 (90.3%) had detectable levels of neutralizing antibodies, and the rest had no antibodies after this time. Although these people live in the endemic area, it is considered that only the 9% that had increased antibody levels had suffered a reinfection during the seven- to nine-year period, which acted as a booster. This figure aproximately coresponds to the subclinical infection value found in the region. In the rest, the persistence of antibodies is attributed to the immunization achieved with the vaccine employed.
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PMID:Immunogenicity of A/USSR (H1N1) subunit vaccine in unprimed young adults. 627 Feb 79

The stability of various marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) plasma constituents was investigated after storage at room temperature, 4 degrees C, and -20 degrees C. The method of sequential analysis ensured that the between-run bias of the methods of analysis used was drastically reduced, and the definitions of stability were linked to the imprecision of these methods. Optimal conditions for storage for as long as 48 h depended on the analyte being measured. Room temperature was optimal for cholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase; 4 degrees C for protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase; and -20 degrees C for glutathione reductase and alkaline phosphatase. For aspartate amino-transferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase, either 4 degrees C or -20 degrees C would be suitable. Reasons are advanced for some conflicting reports in the published work, and we emphasize the need to investigate each analyte and species separately.
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PMID:Stabilities of some constituents of marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) plasma under various conditions of storage. 641 8

Reference intervals for some clinical chemistry parameters in the marmoset were calculated. The effects of age (250-300 days compared with 500-550 days) and sex on the values found was investigated. Alkaline phosphatase levels decreased with age, young males having higher plasma levels than young females, but no sex differences were discernible for older animals. Levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and sorbitol dehydrogenase were higher in older males than in younger females. Higher plasma iron levels were found in the males with increasing age. Age and sex effects for protein and albumin were interactive and further interpretation was therefore difficult. No significant age or sex effects were seen for cholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate amino transferase, alanine aminotransferase or bilirubin.
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PMID:Reference intervals for some clinical chemical parameters in the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): effect of age and sex. 643 Nov 85

Aiming at an improvement of the screening of toxic substances in biological materials and environment, the following biochemical indices were studied by means of the Tetrahymena pyriformis as a testing object: total protein, total lipids, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.27.), gamma-glutamyl transferase (E.C.2.3.2.2.), aspartate aminotransferase (E.C.2.6.1.1.), alanine aminotransferase (E.C.2.6.1.2.), acetyl cholinesterase (E.C.3.1.1.7.), butyryl cholinesterase (E.C.3.1.1.8.), alkaline phosphatase (E.C.3.1.3.1.), acid phosphatase (E.C.3.1.3.2.) and alpha-amylase (E.C.3.2.1.1.). The study was conducted in the period of the population growth in an experimental medium with the minimum content of nutrients within the 96 hours of cultivation. It has been derived from the results that most of the enzymes are at the top of their activity in the early logarithmic stage of growth, i. e. in the period immediately following the log stage of population growth when the cells are getting ready for intensive division and growth; another peak activity period is the logarithmic growth stage--alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase are an exception with the culmination of activity in the stationary stage of population growth.
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PMID:[Selected biochemical indicators in the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis]. 644 37

The different doses of chlorfenvinphos given in diets with low-protein and optimal-protein level to young Wistar rats of both sexes were, after 10 or 30 days, without the significant influence on the activity of several serum enzymes used as diagnostic markers in determining the liver damage or disease, as for example:sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamic dehydrogenase, glucosephosphate isomerase (PHI), aspartate and alanine aminotransferase. Not even important changes were found in the activity of aromatic amino acids aminotransferases in the brain and in protein content in the brain and liver of rats fed diets contaminated with chlorfenvinphos, irrespective of the protein concentration in the diet. Only in some cases at the highest concentration of chlorfenvinphos in the diets the decreased activity of aromatic amino acids aminotransferases appeared in the liver, more evident in low-protein rats. The decrease of the PHI activity in the brain and the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the serum and brain depended mainly on the amount of chlorfenvinphos in the diets and to a lower degree on the amount of protein. All changes caused by chlorfenvinphos normalized during two weeks after its elimination from the diets.
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PMID:Alterations in some biochemical processes in the organism of rats being under the influence of chlorfenvinphos administered in diets with variable protein content. 648 45

The effect of malathion, an organophosphorus insecticide on tissue levels of acetylcholinesterase (Ache), phosphomonoesterases and transaminases have been studied in presence of different levels of dietary proteins. Adult male albino rats weighing 150-200 gms were given 5%, 10% and 20% protein diets containing 400 mg malathion (dust) 5% conc./kg feed for 30 days. Its effect was evaluated in liver, kidney, brain, lungs and spleen and results were compared with their respective malathion dust, pair-fed animals (5%, 10% and 20% protein groups without malathion). Animals kept on low protein diets (5% and 10%) when exposed to malathion dust showed significant increase in the activities of GOT and alkaline phosphatase in liver, kidney, brain, lungs and spleen, while a marked inhibition in the activity of Ache was observed under similar treatment. GPT was decreased in kidney and lungs, in the low protein groups (5% and 10%, whereas its activity was increased in liver, brain and spleen of animals receiving 5% protein, when exposed to compared to their respective pair-fed animals. Thus, although the degree of alteration in the enzyme profile is less severe, these changes show that high protein diet has a protective role against pesticide hazards, whereas low protein diet provides less stability to the structural integrity of the tissues.
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PMID:The effect of malathion dust on certain tissues of male rats fed varying levels of dietary protein. 649 Jan 28

The acute oral toxicity (LD50) of chlorfenvinphos (Chl) showed no significant difference between Wistar rats (males and females) aged 42 days kept for 30 days on 4.5% or 26%-protein diet, but a twofold difference appeared after 60 days on these diets (LD50 was lower in low-protein rats) showing that a longer period of protein deficiency more increases the susceptibility of rats to the lethal action of Chl. During acute poisoning produced by intragastric administration of single convulsive dose of Chl (30 mg/kg body weight) to rats kept for 30 days on low-protein or optimal-protein diet, changes were observed in the activity of some enzymes in the serum and brain. Protein deficient diet increased the Chl-produced inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the brain; the augmented activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) and alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) and glucosephosphate isomerase (PHI) appeared only in the serum of low-protein rats--these changes were more marked in females. Other enzymatic alterations caused by Chl were similar independently of the diets and also more evident in females; for comparison the rats received also standard Murigran diet. Activity of the brain aromatic amino acids aminotransferases (AAA) showed a decreasing trend in Chl-poisoned rats, while in the liver the activity of these enzymes rose, but chiefly in the rats receiving previously the diet with 26% of protein or standard diet. In the rats surviving the acute Chl poisoning, with the evidently seen convulsions, the activity of nearly all enzymes was normal after 14 days.
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PMID:Relationship between dietary protein level and enzymatic changes in acute poisoning of rats with chlorfenvinphos. 651 1

Recently, pulsed Doppler echocardiography has been used for the quantitative evaluation of tricuspid regurgitation (TR). However, there are some problems about the clinical significance of TR diagnosed by Doppler examination probably because of the excellent sensitivity in detecting TR. In the present study, we used liver function tests as an indicator of the visceral damage caused by TR and compared them to the severity of TR estimated by Doppler examination. Forty Doppler examinations were performed in 33 cardiac patients including seven, in which the examinations were repeated because the severity of TR changed during the clinical course. The severity of TR was classified into four grades according to the maximal extent of the regurgitant signal. Abnormal liver function was defined by the abnormalities of at least one of the following six tests: cholinesterase (CHE), gamma-GTP, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and GPT. Abnormal liver function tests were present in one of eight patients without TR, two of 10 with 1 + TR, four of seven with 2 + TR, seven of eight with 3 + TR, and six of seven with 4 + TR. The incidence of abnormal liver function tests increased parallel to the grade of TR and was very frequent in patients with 3 + or 4 + TR. TR diagnosed as greater than 3 + by Doppler examination is considered to have an important clinical significance and an indication of the intensive therapy.
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PMID:[Grading of tricuspid regurgitation by pulsed Doppler echocardiography and liver function tests]. 653 96

Workers exposed to naphtha, tungsten, vanadium, cobalt and titanium exhibited decreased activity of asparagine and alanine aminotransferase, cholinesterase and ceruloplasmin in blood serum, as compared to controls. Activity of lactic acid dehydrogenase was not changed significantly. It might be surmised that absorption of metals and naphtha exhibits inhibitory properties in relation to the enzymes determined.
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PMID:[Effect of low concentrations of metals and benzin on serum enzyme activity]. 666 96


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