Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the experiments performed with broilers, after a per os application of tetrachloromethane and cadmium (Cd+2), the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), leucylarylamidase (LA), and the GOT and GPT amino transferase was determined in the blood plasm. By means of an electrophoretic division of the blood plasm of clinically healthy broilers one enzymatically active fraction of LA and LDH was ascertained. The injury caused to the organism of poultry by carbon tetrachloride and cadmium did not affect the heterogeneity of these two enzymes. After an application of tetrachloromethane (CCl4) in the dose of 8 and 10 ml kg-1 the total activity of LDH and LA changed. The influence of cadmium on the organism in the total dose of 200 mg kg-1 resulted in the changed activity of LDH, GOT, and LA. From the results obtained it has been assumed that the examined activity of LDH, GOT, and LA can be utilized for the diagnosing of non-specific injuries of the organism of poultry.
 ...
PMID:[Dynamics of changes in the activity of plasma lactate dehydrogenase, leucylarylamidase and GOT and GPT aminotransferases in poultry following damage to the organism caused by cadmium and tetrachloromethane]. 18 Jun 43

Enzyme activity of lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate-oxalacetate and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, creatine phosphokinase, cholinesterase, alkaline, acid and prostatic phosphatase and aldolase has been studied in a total of 213 subjects, of whom 97 were of good health, 63 had bone tumors and 53 suffered from osteomyelitis. The activities of the majority of the enzymes were found to become significantly changed in comparison with the norm. In both patient groups, the more striking differences being noted in that of osteomyelitis. However, enzymatic activity alone does not allow to differentiate the group of bone tumors from that of osteomyelitis, the differences between these two groups not being of significance in any one of the enzymes followed.
 ...
PMID:Serum enzyme activity in bone tumors and osteomyelitis (LDH, GOT, GPT, CPK, CHE, ALP, AP, PP, ALD). 19 May 48

Mice were infected with cysts of the ALT strain Toxoplasma by intraperitoneal injection. After 2-8 weeks disseminated cysts could be demonstrated in the brain tissue. All cysts showed identical histochemical characteristics, independent of their sizes or their cell number. The encysted organisms were intensely stained after the PAS-reaction. This polysaccharide is highly diastase and acid resistant. Glycogen synthetase activity could not be demonstrated, but phosphorylase activity was very high. The energy metabolism was characterized by a high lactate dehydrogenase activity, whereas the reaction for succinate dehydrogenase activity only leads to sparse deposits of reaction products. The carbohydrate content is interpreted to be not only a store of energy substrate but also a store of biosynthetic substrate. It is assumed that a part of the liberated glucose at high activities of G-6-P-DH and 6-P-G-DH is metabolized by the hexose monophosphate shunt, the pentoses of which may contribute to nucleic acid synthesis which is necessary for the proliferation of the encysted organisms.
 ...
PMID:[Histochemistry of the carbohydrate metabolism in cysts of Toxoplasma gondii (author's transl)]. 19 13

The effect of N6,O2'-dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic-monophosphate (dbcAMP) on the mobilization of calcium (Ca2+), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and lysosomal enzymes was studied in a bone culture system for 24 h using half calvaria from 6--7 day-old mice. DbcAMP inhibited spontaneous as well as parathyroid hormone-stimulated mineral mobilization. DbcAMP in a concentration of 5 x 10(-4)M also reduced the activities of beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase and acid phosphatase found in the media while the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were not affected. It is concluded that cAMP is not a stimulator but an inhibitor of bone resorption within the culture period studied (24 h) and that the cyclic nucleotide might interfere with release processes involved in bone resorption.
 ...
PMID:Inhibitory effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on the release of calcium, inorganic phosphate and lysosomal enzymes from calvarial bones cultured for 24 hours. 22 6

We show an example of the importance of specifying the form of isoenzyme and source of indicator enzymes to be used in coupled enzymatic assays. When we compared H-4 (pig heart) and M-4 (rabbit muscle) isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase for their suitability as indicator enzymes in the assay for alanine aminotransferase activity, we found that about fourfold as much M-4 as H-4 was required in terms of lactate dehydrogenase activity to reflect accurately equivalent amounts of alanine aminotransferase activity. Moreover, the substrate specificities of the two isoenzymes differed quantitatively.
 ...
PMID:Effect of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes on the coupled enzymatic assay for alanine aminotransferase activity. 23 9

Investigations were performed with the aim of establishing the influence of various environmental conditions (such as steady field conditions, climatized laboratories, Faraday's cage) on a number of enzymic activities in the rat (including glutamic oxaloacetic tic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase), as well as the serum concentrations of triglycerides, the oxygen consumption of hepatic parenchyma cells, and the influence on the incorporation of 3H-thymidine (following partial hepatectomy). In the steady field, the activities of the cytoplasmic enzymes (GOT, GPT, LDH) were higher then under Faraday conditions. The same applies both to the hepatic oxygen consumption and to the neutral fat serum levels. The control values always remained within the range of the results obtained under steady field or Faraday conditions. In the structure-linked enzymes (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase) the results were not uniform. Following partial hepatectomy, and under steady field conditions, the serum triglyceride concentrations showed a less pronounced drop than they did in the controls. Under selected environmental conditions, the results obtained lie within the physiological range. The present findings, therefore, do not permit definite conclusions to be drawn on favourable or unfavourable effects exerted by the different types of electroclimates.
 ...
PMID:[Metabolism of rat liver in the electrostatic field and in the faraday cage before and after hepatectomy (author's transl)]. 24 66

In a consecutive series of 25 coronary bypass operations, the postoperative serum activity levels of total creatine kinase (CK) and its more heart-specific isoenzyme CK-MB were examined and related to the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and thermostable lactate dehydrogenase (LD-T), to electrocardiographic (ECG) findings and to surgical characteristics. Detectable CK-MB activity was found in all patients, usually appearing while the operation was still in progress. Peak CK-MB occurred earlier than peak total CK. There was no ECG evidence of myocardial infarction in any patient. The degree of postoperative CK-MB elevation, however, correlated to the duration of extracorporeal circulation (ECC) and aortic cross-clamping (AC). After 120 min of ECC and 70 min of AC, release of CK-MB, as well as of the other enzymes studied, increased considerably. There was a significant correlation between high CK-MB activity and high early postoperative activities of total CK, ASAT and LD-T. When CK-MB determinations are not available, ASAT is preferable to total CK or LD-T in the early evaluation of operative myocardial injury. From the fourth postoperative day, only LD-T is informative in this respect; a second rise of ASAT and ALAT is probably of hepatic origin.
 ...
PMID:Serum enzymes with special reference to CK-MB following coronary bypass surgery. 31 43

A rabbit model was used to determine the effects of prostaglandins and arachidonic acid on cellular integrity and survival during endotoxic shock. Prostaglandins A2, E1 and F2alpha were infused intravenously at a rate of 1.0 microgram/kg/min for 105 min beginning 15 min after the administration of an LD60 dose of Escherichia coli endotoxin. While each of the prostaglandins tested significantly attenuated the accumulation of lactic acid dehydrogenase in the plasma of shocked animals, none were able to protect against the increase in the plasma activities of glutamic pyruvic transaminase or cathepsin D during the shock state. Prostaglandins A2, E1 and F2alpha did not significantly enhance the survival of the treated animals as compared to vehicle-treated controls. In contrast, arachidonic acid 15 microgram/kg/min i.v.) significantly prevented the accumulation of lactic acid dehydrogenase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities in the plasma of shocked animals, and also significantly increased the number of survivors in this group 48 hours after the endotoxin administration. In summary, while the treatment of endotoxic rabbits with prostaglandins of the A, E and F series was of no survival value, the treatment of these animals with a substrate of the prostaglandin synthetase complex resulted in a dramatic increase in the survival rate. The mechanism of action of arachidonic acid in this regard is not clear.
 ...
PMID:Endotoxic shock in the rabbit: the effects of prostaglandin and arachidonic acid administration. 35 77

Serial liver enzyme and bilirubin concentrations were measured in 100 patients undergoing total parenteral nutrition. Between the eighth and tenth days, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase levels rose to 5.4 times pretotal parenteral nutrition levels; serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, 2.8 times; bilirubin, 2.3 times, and lactic dehydrogenase, 1.5 times. These elevations were transient, lasting four to ten days. Biopsies of the liver taken during maximal elevations demonstrated marked periportal fatty change. A second elevation of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and lactic dehydrogenase occurred in one-third to one-half of those patients receiving total parenteral nutrition for longer than a 20 day period. These elevations were more prolonged, and no biopsies were taken. Amino acid solutions contain conversion products of tryptophan, an amino acid that is unstable in the presence of the preservative sodium bisulfite which is added to all commercially available protein solutions. Infusion of these products into rats, either alone or as part of total parenteral nutrition solutions, resulted in periportal fatty change of the livers identical to that seen in our patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. A toxic effect of tryptophan conversion products in total parenteral nutrition solutions is proposed.
 ...
PMID:Serum hepatic enzyme and bilirubin elevations during parenteral nutrition. 40 35

For the evaluation of certain differences in the diminution of export proteins of the liver we examined some exactly defined groups of liver diseases with the aim of further differentiation of the pathogenetic mechanisms. We measured the activity of glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, the Quick value, the coagulation factors I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX and X. Clotting factors were determined by a Schnitger-Gross Coagulometer. Prothrombin, antithrombin III, plasminogen, factor VIII associated antigen and activated factor XIII were measured by immunoelectrophoresis according to Laurell. Lipoprotein electrophoresis in agarose gel was performed to evaluate changes in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity. Except of the rising diminution of export proteins in the course of liver disease from acute hepatitis to cirrhosis we found also specific changes of the patterns of the plasma specific enzymes. These proteins were diminished dependent on their half life time and the inflammatory activity--measured as the height of the transaminases. Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase and factor VIII did not participate in the general diminution of the most export proteins; some details were found to explain this differing behaviour. Results are critically discussed with regard to new aspects in the biochemistry of the damaged liver cell.
 ...
PMID:[Correlations between the diminished secretion of export proteins from the liver and the plasmatic activity of liver cell enzymes (author's transl)]. 42 91


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>