Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A Phase II study of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-alpha A, Ro 22-8181) was performed in 121 patients with hematological malignancies at 33 institutions from July, 1982 to May, 1984. Patients received Ro 22-8181 by intramuscular injection daily for more than 4 weeks. Daily doses were escalated from 3 X 10(6) to 6X, 9X, 18X, 36X and 50X 10(6) units every 3-7 days. Among 70 evaluable cases, complete or partial responses were observed in 15 patients (21.4%). One complete and 10 partial responses (22.4%) were noted in 49 cases of multiple myeloma, 2 partial remissions (18.2%) in 11 cases of malignant lymphoma and 2 partial remissions (25.0%) in 8 cases of leukemia. Side effects included fever (57.0%), anorexia (34.2%), nausea-vomiting (22.8%), malaise (19.0%), leukopenia (44.3%), thrombocytopenia (45.6%) and increase of GOT or GPT (26.6% or 22.8%). They were all not serious and disappeared quickly after the discontinuation of Ro 22-8181.
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PMID:[Phase II study of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (Ro 22-8181) in hematological malignancies]. 388 64

A clinical Phase I study of recombinant human interferon alpha A (Ro 22-8181) was performed in patients with malignant tumors; twenty of them received an American product and seven others a domestic product. Both products were administered in single intramuscularly injected doses of 18, 36, 50, 75 and 100 X 10(6)U. Main side effects included fever and influenza-like symptoms (headache, chill/shivering, general fatigue, lumbago), and digestive symptoms (anorexia, nausea/vomiting). Numbness of fingers or limbs and somnolence were also observed in higher dose groups, but these symptoms all disappeared on the day of administration or by the 3rd day after administration. Abnormal laboratory findings included leukopenia, granulocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and increased GOT/GPT/LDH, but these returned to normal by the 10th day after administration. The peak blood concentration was correlated with the dose, falling to the base line 72 hr after administration. The American product and the domestic product were nearly comparable in the type and incidence of their side effects, and also produced generally comparable blood concentrations. Furthermore, increased anti-IFN-alpha antibody titer was not observed in any of the patients; and the Prick Test proved negative in all of them. No significant changes were observed in any immunological parameters, either.
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PMID:[Phase I study of recombinant human interferon alpha A (Ro 22-8181) in patients with malignant tumors]. 400 81

Clinicians and nurses should obtain a history of antecedent illness occurring within 2 weeks of the onset of vomiting. Ninety percent of school-age children will give a history of an antecedent illness (varicella or influenza-like respiratory illness) within 1 week of the onset of vomiting. The vomiting of Reye's syndrome is usually persistent, lasting for 24 to 96 hours before the onset of serious brain signs. We believe that any child with the history of flu or chickenpox within 1 week of the onset of vomiting, which lasts for more than 12 hours, and is unusually severe or is associated with lethargy, should have an SGPT (alanine aminotransferase). This laboratory measure is clearly elevated in most cases of Reye's syndrome.
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PMID:Management of Reye's syndrome: need for early diagnosis and intravenous treatment of stage I non-comatose cases. 402 67

In a model developed to study acute pancreatitis in the dog, the disease process was comparable with the spontaneously occurring disease. Infusion of oleic acid into the accessory pancreatic duct induced, grossly and microscopically, acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis with pancreatic atrophy, fibrosis, fat necrosis, and edema. Clinical changes included persistent fever and tachycardia in all dogs and abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea in most. Serum amylase and lipase activities increased markedly as did activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. Hematologic alterations included hemoconcentration (despite intensive fluid therapy) and leukocytosis due primarily to neutrophilia and monocytosis. Neither corticosteroid nor anticholinergic therapy begun 24 to 32 hours after oleic acid infusion altered the course of the disease. Dogs survived 8 days and appeared clinically normal when the study was terminated.
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PMID:Effects of an anticholinergic and a corticosteroid on acute pancreatitis in experimental dogs. 617 2

A phase I study of a new floxuridine derivative, FF-705, was performed in patients with various types of solid tumors. Efficacy of single oral administration with dose range of 300 to 700 mg/body was studied in 12 patients. At a dose of 500 mg/body transient increases of s GOT and s GPT were noted in one patient and, of 700 mg/body, nausea, vomiting or stomach dullness sensation was noted in two patients. The maximum tolerated dose was considered to be 700 mg/body or more. The dose limiting factor was a gastrointestinal toxicity. Oral administration in five consecutive days was studied in 23 patients to doses ranging 100 to 700 mg/body. The incidence of side effects were increased with dose escalation, and at a dose of 700 mg/body side effects were seen in all patients. The maximum tolerated dose was considered to be 700 mg/body/day, and the dose limiting factor was gastrointestinal toxicity. The optimal dose of FF-705 for consecutive administration is considered to be within the range of 200 to 300mg/body/day. Serum and urine concentrations of metabolites were assayed in 7 patients receiving single dose of 600 mg/body. In all patients serum concentration of floxuridine (FUDR) was higher than that of 5-FU and other metabolites at all points of measurement. The highest concentration of FUDR was detected at 2 hours after drug administration and the mean value was 0.04 microgram/ml. The main metabolite in the urine was 5'-acetyl-FUDR which was excreted 0.8% to the dose for 24 hours. The other metabolites were excreted less than 0.2%.
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PMID:[Phase I study of a new floxuridine derivative, 2'-deoxy-3', 5'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-3-(3-methylbenzoyl)uridine (FF-705)]. 623 54

This study reports the results of a biochemical investigation of 80 eating disorder patients and results of an endocrinological investigation of 20 subjects. Of the 80 subjects studied, 22 suffered from anorexia nervosa and 51 were diagnosed as having bulimia. These patient's results were compared to those of 30 control subjects. The eating disorder patients had significantly higher levels of total CO2 calcium, alanine aminotransferase and cholesterol, and significantly lower levels of potassium, chloride and phosphate in the plasma. Hypokalaemia was strongly associated with self-induced vomiting and laxative abuse. Hypercholesterolaemia occurred most commonly in anorexia nervosa patients. Preliminary endocrinological results suggest decreased gonadotrophin levels are associated with binge eating and self-induced vomiting and laxative abuse, as well as with low weight. We feel eating disorder patients should be interviewed and examined by a physician with an interest in this area. Appropriate investigations should be ordered. The physician should also undertake counseling about the short- and long-term sequelae of disordered eating.
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PMID:Hormonal and biochemical abnormalities in women suffering from eating disorders. 644 82

Chronic toxicity study of latamoxef (LMOX, 6059-S) by intravenous administration at dose levels of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg daily for 6 months was carried out in adult Beagle dogs. All dogs of the 6059-S treated groups survived throughout the experimental period without showing any toxic signs other than occasional vomiting. Slight decrease of RBC, Ht, Hb and platelet, and increase of reticulocytes were noted in the 400 mg/kg group. Blood chemistry revealed decreased activity in GPT in the 6059-S treated groups, and increased contents of total protein and lipids in the 400 mg/kg group. These clinical changes were slight and transient in most instances. Liver and kidneys weights increased slightly without accompanying any pathological alterations. Inflammatory changes, probably due to mechanical irritation, were found in the subcutis and around the vein at the injection sites in all groups including the mannitol control group. From these results it is concluded that the maximum nontoxic dose in dogs is in the range of 200 to 400 mg/kg when the 6059-S was intravenously administered daily for 6 months.
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PMID:[Chronic toxicity study of latamoxef in beagle dog (author's transl)]. 646 78

The acute toxicity of hexazinone, a herbicide intended for general noncropland areas and selected crop uses (alfalfa and sugarcane), has been evaluated to establish proper handling guidelines and to measure its potential impact on the environment. The material is slightly to moderately toxic when given as a single oral dose; its LD50 in male rats is 1690 mg/kg, in male guinea pigs 860 mg/kg, and in male dogs greater than 3400 mg/kg although in the dog emesis prevented accurate quantitation. When the material is administered intraperitoneally, the LD50 in rats is 530 mg/kg. Repeated doses (five oral doses per week for 2 weeks) of 300 mg/kg to rats produced slight weight loss in one of two replicate experiments. In both studies, no gross or histologic alterations were apparent. Hexazinone is a moderate to severe eye irritant in the rabbit and produced only mild erythema in rabbit skin at 5278 mg/kg, a dose which did not produce lethality or other clinical signs. Subchronic dermal exposures (10 consecutive doses) to rabbits produced increases in serum alkaline phosphatase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase at the highest levels tested (680 and 770 mg/kg in two separate experiments) with no effects seen at 150 mg/kg. There were no alterations in livers from treated rabbits examined by light microscopy. No dermal sensitization was produced when concentrations of up to 50% were tested in guinea pigs. One-hour inhalation exposure of up to 7.48 mg/liter did not produce mortality in rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Acute and environmental toxicity studies with hexazinone. 647 6

The existence of jaundice induced by hyperemesis gravidarum is controversial. We report the case of a woman who suffered from three episodes of jaundice during the first trimester of three consecutive pregnancies, a few days after the onset of hyperemesis gravidarum. Jaundice was caused by conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. Serum alanine aminotransferase activity was increased and scarce necrotic hepatocytes were shown on light and electron microscopic examinations. Cessation of vomiting was rapidly followed by complete recovery. This observation supports the view that severe vomiting can cause jaundice in pregnant women.
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PMID:Recurrent jaundice caused by recurrent hyperemesis gravidarum. 651 Jul 71

Bile duct obstruction was induced in 6 cats by surgical ligation and transection of the common bile duct. Clinical and laboratory changes were monitored weekly for 25 to 54 days. Clinical signs of obstruction were similar in all cats and included anorexia, pyrexia, lethargy, intermittent vomiting, weight loss, palpable gallbladder, hepatomegaly, and bleeding tendencies. Tissue jaundice and acholic feces were evident grossly as early as postsurgical day (PSD) 4 with a mean onset of jaundice at PSD 5.3 +/- 0.4. Hematologic changes were initially characterized by a mild neutrophilic leukocytosis that increased with the chronicity of bile duct obstruction. Regenerative anemia developed in 4 cats associated with gastrointestinal blood loss. Acute serum biochemical changes were characterized by a marked increase in the mean values of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, and copper. Comparatively, only moderate increases in mean serum alkaline phosphatase activity were observed. Mean total bilirubin values increased remarkably at postsurgical week (PSW) 1, reaching a maximal value of 23.1 +/- 4.4 mg/dl at PSW 3 with 71.6 +/- 2.7% direct bilirubin. With chronicity of bile duct obstruction ranging from PSW 3 to PSW 7, the mean serum values of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, serum alkaline phosphatase, and total and direct bilirubin stabilized and then declined, whereas the increased mean serum copper values persisted. At PSD 25 to 54, hepatic copper values and serum bile acids were markedly increased. Seemingly, clinicopathologic changes of induced cholestatic hepatic injury depended largely on the duration of biliary obstruction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Hematologic and biochemical abnormalities associated with induced extrahepatic bile duct obstruction in the cat. 663 41


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