Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intravenous drip infusion of a new aminoglycoside agent, astromicin (ASTM), was used against various infections in the field of internal medicine, and its clinical efficacy and safety were studied. Clinical effects were evaluated in 105 among 111 patients administered with ASTM. Almost all the patients were given 200 mg of ASTM twice a day by intravenous drip infusion for 60 minutes. Among 105 cases, clinical effects of ASTM were excellent in 15, good in 56, fair in 10 and poor in 24. The number of cases who were judged as excellent or good was 71, and the efficacy rate was 67.6%. Efficacy rates classified by diseases were as follows; 80% (4/5 cases) in sepsis, 55.6% (5/9 cases) in urinary tract infections, and 68.1 (62/91 cases) in respiratory tract infections (RTI). In 91 cases with RTI, clinical effects of ASTM were excellent in 14, good in 48, fair in 9 and poor in 20. The efficacy rates classified by diseases of RTI were 77.3% (34/44 cases) in pulmonary parenchyma infection and 59.6% (28/47 cases) in chronic RTI and others. As subjective and objective side effects, tinnitus and malaise were observed in 5 (4.5%) of 110 patients evaluated for side effects. But, either symptom was mild and disappeared after the end or withdrawal of administration. Slight elevations of S-GPT, BUN and others were observed in 7 cases (6.4%) as abnormal laboratory test values. Safety and efficacy of intravenous drip infusion of ASTM were confirmed.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical evaluation of astromicin by intravenous drip infusion. Report I. Bacterial infections in the field of internal medicine]. 382 May 71

Cefotaxime (CTX) was microbiologically and clinically studied in surgery. CTX shows excellent antibacterial activity in vitro against Gram-negative bacilli including E. coli. Klebsiella spp., and Proteus spp. in comparison with cefmetazole (CMZ) and cefazolin (CEZ). Antibacterial activity of CTX is found to be superior to that of CEZ and equal to that of CMZ against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and S. epidermidis). The antibacterial activity of CTX against anaerobic bacteria exceeds that of CEZ and almost equal to that of CMZ. It also showed minimum inhibitory concentration values which, clinically speaking, offer great expectation. CTX is also superior to CMZ and CEZ in its antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa. Clinical studies were carried out in the group A for which CTX was administered a drug of first choice for postoperative infections in surgery, and in the group B for which CTX was administered as a drug of second choice since the antibiotic of first choice had been ineffective for these cases. As a result, high effective rates were obtained in both groups (80.3% for the group A, and 77.1% for the group B). With reference to the group B, an effectiveness rate of 100% was obtained for the cases in which CEZ had been ineffective and 55.6% was obtained for 10 cases in which mainly combination of CMZ had been ineffective. Side effects appeared in 3 cases (1 case each of tinnitus and malaise, vomiting and nausea, and fever) with an incidence rate of 1.46%. Abnormal clinical laboratory findings appeared in 4 cases (1 case each of leukopenia and increase in GOT and GPT; eosinophilia; increases in platelet and monocyte; and increases in GOT, GPT and A1-P) with an incidence rate of 1.95%.
 ...
PMID:[Evaluation of cefotaxime for postoperative infection in surgery]. 609 87

After extensive literature review utilizing PubMed and Medline searches, we present a rare case of oxaliplatin-induced grade 3/4 hepatocellular injury and ototoxicity. The patient is a 46-year-old female diagnosed with stage IIIC (pT3N2bM0) adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon. PET/CT prior to surgery and chemotherapy was negative for distant metastatic disease and baseline liver-associated enzymes were within normal limits. Following sigmoidectomy, patient began adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-florouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX-6). Cycle 1 was complicated only by refractory nausea. However, cycle 2 was complicated by vertigo with refractory nausea, tinnitus, and marked elevation in liver enzymes in a hepatocellular pattern. Extensive workup was negative and the etiology of her symptoms and grade 3/4 hepatocellular injury was hypothesized to be the result of oxaliplatin. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase decreased after two additional weeks off therapy and during cycle 3 in which oxaliplatin was held. She had no evidence of 5-florouracil toxicity. On cycle 4, oxaliplatin was restarted at 50% dose; symptoms and liver-associated enzymes remained stable. However, oxaliplatin was increased up to 75% full dose for cycle 5 with reported vertigo, tinnitus, nausea, and return of elevation in liver-associated enzymes. Oxaliplatin is a chemotherapy agent widely used in the treatment of many malignancies including colon cancer. Side effects include peripheral neuropathy, gastrointestinal toxicity, neutropenia, grade 1/2 hepatocellular injury, and hepatic vascular lesions. However, grade 3/4 hepatocellular injury and ototoxicity are extremely rare with the administration of oxaliplatin. Therefore, we present the unusual chemotherapy side effects.
 ...
PMID:Oxaliplatin-induced hepatocellular injury and ototoxicity: a review of the literature and report of unusual side effects of a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent. 2233 69