Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three studies of drug toxicity were made in Chinese adults with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted concurrently to short-course antituberculosis regimens. The first was of streptomycin plus isoniazid plus pyrazinamide given daily (SHZ regimen), three times a week (S3H3Z3 regimen) or twice a week (S2H2Z2 regimen). The second was of pyrazinamide in the SHZ regimen and PAS in the standard daily combination of streptomycin plus isoniazid plus PAS (SPH regimen). The third was of the SHZ regimen and these 3 drugs plus rifampicin daily (SHRZ regimen). In study 1 (174 SHZ, 185 S3H3Z3, 182 S2H2Z2 patients), the incidence of arthralgia was associated with the number of doses per week (P less than 0.001). The incidence of other reactions, most of which were cutaneous or vestibular, or symptomless increases in the serum alanine transaminase (AIT) concentration, was similar on all 3 regimens. In study 2 (142 SHZ, 137 SPH patients), hepatic reactions occurred on the SHZ but not on the SPH regimen (P less than 0.002), serum AIT concentrations were distributed over a higher range on the SHZ regimen, and 2 patients had jaundice. Gastrointestinal reactions were more frequent on the SPH regimen (P = 0.06). Arthralgia was commoner on the SHZ regimen (P less than 0.05). In study 3 (38 SHZ, 41 SHRZ patients), the incidence of hepatic reactions, jaundice and arthralgia was similar in the 2 regimens. On the pyrazinamide regimens combined, hepatic reactions were marginally more frequent in patients with Australia antigen or antibody either before or during chemotherapy (P = 0.09). Serum uric acid concentrations were higher in patients on daily than on intermittent pyrazinamide (P less than 0.005), and in patients with arthralgia on the daily pyrazinamide regimen than in matched controls (P = 0.07).
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PMID:Adverse reactions to short-course regimens containing streptomycin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and rifampicin in Hong Kong. 13 76

Fifteen women with pseudo-LE syndrome were studied. The dissease is characterized by recurrent attacks of fever, myalgia, arthralgia, visceral manifestations (pericarditis, myocarditis, pleurisy, pleural effusion and lung involvement). A prominent feature was an abnormal liver function with elevated GOT and GPT levels in serum, and impaired bromsuophalein elimination. The incidence of varicosities and thrombophlebitis was markedly increased. There was a correlation between complement-fixing antimitochondrial antibody (AMA) titres and the degree of activity of the disease. A reverse correlation was observed between antimitochondrial antibody titres and the absolute lymphocyte count in peripheral blood. In all instances the antimitochondrial antibodies were of polyclonal origin, belonging mainly to immunoglobulin class IgG and, in a few patients, IgM, IgA, or IgD. AMA titres, lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood, sedimentation rate, serum iron level and alpha1- and alpha2-globulins proved to be valuable in following the course of the disease. Other values (C-reactive protein, alpha1-acid glycoprotein, immunoglobulin and beta1c-globulin in serum) were not helpful.
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PMID:[Clinical and serological aspects of the pseudo-LE syndrome (author's transl)]. 112 30

Acute hepatitis A virus infection (HAV) is a benign, self limited disease with infrequent extrahepatic features unlike the hepatitis B or the nonA-nonB virus infection. We describe the case of a 37 year old white woman with HAV who had a relapse with a second elevation of the alanine aminotransferase level together with joint pain, skin lesions, angioneurotic edema, and autoantibodies (ANA, anti smooth muscle, antiparietal gastric cells). The liver biopsy showed piecemeal and early bridging necrosis. She had a rapid reversal of her clinical, biochemical and histological abnormalities. As far as we known, this is the first reported case of autoantibodies or angioneurotic edema associated with HAV. We comment on the pathogenesis of this rare association.
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PMID:[Biphasic viral hepatitis "A" associated with autoimmune phenomena]. 159 70

A 53-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital due to high fever, arthralgia and skin rash. Main laboratory data included the following: WBC 17,100/mm, GOT 58 U, GPT 47 U, LDH 1,510 U, ferritin 19,000 ng/ml, adenosine deaminase 79.1 U/l. She was diagnosed as having adult-onset Still's disease. Aspirin (3.0 g/day) and prednisolone (40 mg/day) were administered. All the symptoms and laboratory data improved rapidly. Adenosine deaminase, ferritin, and LDH are considered to originate mainly from the liver. Liver injury in this disease may be a primary lesion, and various serum markers may be associated with the liver abnormalities.
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PMID:Adult-onset Still's disease: hepatic involvement and various serum markers relating to the disease activity. 192 Sep 66

The patient is 48 year-old female who has been followed as MCTD with nonsteroidal therapies for 18 years. Sometimes she has been attached by focal severe muscle pain. One year ago, she had general myalgia associated with high fever and arthralgia. The results of the examination, aldolase, GOT, GPT, gamma-GTP, CRP and leucocyte were increased. Muscle biopsy showed noncaseating epithelioid granuloma being in contact with enlarged injected vessels. Out of tough with granuloma, a few fibre necroses, fibrosis of muscle, and degeneration of collagen fiber were recognized. After treatment of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents, her every complain was removed. Her muscle looks normal herself. MCTD has myopathy caused by inflammatory infiltrates and fibre necroses. But granulomatous myositis is very rare. It is difficult to differentiate our case from sarcoidosis, especially acute isolated muscle sarcoidosis.
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PMID:[A case of mixed connective tissue disease associated with uncommon acute myopathy caused by isolated muscle epithelioid granuloma]. 221 39

A randomized double-blind study was performed in forty patients with severe psoriasis. Etretinate, in contrast to placebo, clearly reduced the psoriatic area and severity index score, and this difference was statistically significant from week 2. The results in psoriasis vulgaris were satisfactory in only three of ten patients; however moderate improvement was noticed in four of ten patients. In pustular psoriasis of von Zumbusch type, the drug produced moderate improvement to complete clearing in all four of the treated patients and was regarded as the first-choice therapy in all of them. In erythrodermic psoriasis satisfactory results were obtained in four of six patients. In three of the five patients with psoriatic arthropathy there was a marked improvement of arthralgia. Laboratory investigations did not show significant abnormalities with the exception of an increase of alanine transaminase (ALT; SGPT) in about 20% of the patients. Ten patients with pustular psoriasis (four of them included in the double-blind trial) on long-term, i.e., maintenance, therapy remained free of lesions up to this writing for 3 years. Triglyceride levels were not elevated.
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PMID:Etretinate in severe psoriasis. Results of double-blind study and maintenance therapy in pustular psoriasis. 635 82

A 54-yr-old man was admitted to Hokkaido University Hospital, complaining of fever, multiple arthralgia, edematous erythema and face and muscular weakness of extremities during the last 2 months. He was diagnosed as dermatomyositis by acceleration of ESR, elevation of GOT, GPT, CPK, aldolase, moderate increases of collagen fibers in biopsy specimen of skin and his clinical signs. Although stools were positive for occult blood, the routine radiographic examination failed to detect the bleeding site in the upper GI. tract. However, in the double contrast picture of the stomach, a very fine abnormal linear shadow was observed at the upper corpus of the lesser curvature. This linear shadow was a margin of the tumor, retrospectively. About 4 months later, abnormal pain occurred and a mass was palpable in the left lumbar region, suggesting a pancreatic tumor. He was operated on excising the tumor, but was performed only exploratory laparotomy because of the presence of intra-abdominal metastases. Death occurred 40 days after the operation and necropsy was done. The gross anatomical findings of the abdomen showed a stomach tumor as large as an infant's head and its metastases to pancreas, lymph nodes, and greater and lesser omentum. Esophageal mucosa including esophagocardiac junction was intact. Histological examination of the intragastric tumor revealed a typical squamous cell carcinoma with keratinization. According to the absence of the components of adenocarcinoma and squamous metaplastic gastric mucosa of non-cancerous areas in the stomach, it seemed likely to be a heterotopic squamous cell carcinoma. It was unknown about the precedence between the stomach cancer and dermatomyositis. There have been 11 cases of primary pure squamous cell carcinoma in the world literature since 1968, but this is the first case report of coexistence of these two diseases.
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PMID:[A case report of a primary pure squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach associated with dermatomyositis (author's transl)]. 726 22

From January 1991 to December 1992, 419 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were initially treated at Fukujuji Hospital. Among them, 190 patients, who were younger than 80 years old and had pulmonary tuberculosis with cavities or infiltration of extension 2 or 3, and/or were sputum-smear positive, had been treated by 6-month short course regimen containing pyrazinamide, 2HRS(E)Z/4HRE. And were eligible for the evaluation of the clinical usefulness of pyrazinamide-containing regimen for the initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. The dose of pyrazinamide was 1.2 g per day irrespective of body weight. The patients of this treatment group consisted of 151 males and 39 females, and mean age of the males was 45.3 and that of the females was 43.8 years old. At the start of the treatment, 74% of the cases were smear positive, 70% were cavitary, and 6 cases each showed primary resistance to isoniazid and to streptomycin, respectively, and only one case showed resistance to both of isoniazid and streptomycin. There was no primary resistant case to either rifampicin or ethambutol. Bacteriologic negative conversion rates were 95% and 90% after 2 months of treatment by PZA-containing regimen and by the standard regimen, respectively, and treatment durations required to achieve the negative conversion of all cases were 3 and 6 months for respective regimens. Of 90 patients who completed 6-month PZA-containing regimen and could be followed-up, only one bacteriologic relapse (1.1%) was noticed. Elevation of serum GPT level higher than 150 IU/ml during the treatment was noticed in 6.3% of 175 cases under PZA-containing regimen in comparison with 4.0% of 174 cases under the standard regimen (not significant). The interval between the onset of the treatment and the detection of abnormal liver function was much shorter (mean 31.3 days) in the PZA-containing regimen than in the standard regimens (mean 63.4 days). Hyperuricaemia (> 10 mg/ml) was noticed in 46.7% of 57 males and 59.4% of 19 females tested, but pyrazinamide was not discontinued in any case due to arthralgia. These results clearly show that pyrazinamide can be used rather safely for Japanese tuberculosis patients. If the pyrazinamide-containing regimen [2HRS(E)Z/4HRE] is adopted as the new standard regimen in place of on-going standard regimen in Japan, 6HRS(E)/3HR, the duration of chemotherapy could be shortened by three months with the same level of both efficacy and safety. We recommended pyrazinamide-containing 6-month regimen, 2HRS(E)Z/4HRE, as the new standard regimen for the initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
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PMID:[Six-month short course chemotherapy containing pyrazinamide for initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis]. 783 20

A study of the clinical profile of 59 patients who presented with hepatitis A virus infection showed that dark urine, fatigue, gastrointestinal complaints, and fever were the most common presenting symptoms. The most frequent physical findings were hepatomegaly and jaundice. The mean presenting laboratory tests included total bilirubin of 5 mg/dL, alkaline phosphatase of 269 units/L, and serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels of 1442 mIU/mL and 1952 mIU/mL, respectively. Atypical manifestations included relapse, cholestasis, rash, and arthralgia. Two patients presented with hepatitis A and concomitant type I autoimmune chronic hepatitis, and both required immunosuppressive therapy. Five patients who presented with hepatitis A were pregnant, and during follow-up, none of their infants developed elevated serum transaminase values or had detectable IgM anti-HAV antibody. All 59 patients experienced complete clinical and biochemical recovery within 6 months after onset of illness.
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PMID:Clinical manifestations of hepatitis A: recent experience in a community teaching hospital. 787 41

A 48-year-old woman with type II diabetes developed fatigue, arthralgia and myalgia. A few weeks later she was found to have hepatomegaly. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was raised (53/93 mm), as were liver enzyme activities (GOT 186 U/l; GPT 240 U/l; gamma-GT 199 U/l), the gamma-globulin levels (40.7%;IgG 4470 mg/dl, IgA 698 mg/dl, IgM 245 mg/dl), antinuclear antibodies and antibodies against double-strand DNA, smooth muscles and actin. Laparoscopy revealed small-nodular liver cirrhosis. The autoimmune hepatitis was treated with prednisolone (initially 60 mg daily, then reduced to 10 mg daily) and azathioprine (initially 100 mg daily, reduced to 50 mg daily). The symptoms markedly improved. But one year later, during follow-up examination, gastric polyps were found, excised and histologically found to be carcinoid. The gastrin level was raised to 765 pg/ml. Another year later the liver cirrhosis had advanced further and the type A gastritis was still present, but there was no sign of carcinoid recurrence.
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PMID:[Autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune gastritis, hypergastrinemia and stomach carcinoid]. 788 17


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