Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

5 serum protein polymorphic systems (haptoglobin, alkaline phosphatase, group-specific (Gc) proteins, beta2-glycoprotein 1 and leucine aminopeptidase) and 6 red-cell polymorphisms (adenosine deaminase, adenylate kinase, phosphoglucomutase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase) have been investigated in 54 subjects with tuberous sclerosis. The frequencies of all systems were compared with those of a control sample drawn from a similar mentally retarded population and abnormal distributions were detected in the haptoglobin and Gc system. Quantitative estimation of the serum levels of the Gc protein failed to detect any inter-group differences. Data on the deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium, Haldane's Log ratio test between groups, and gene frequencies of both test and control groups are given. It is suggested that selection by mortality is the possible causation for the abnormal distribution of the Gc phenotypes, but the haptoglobin phenotype distribution requires further investigation with care being taken in the selection of control subjects.
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PMID:Serum and tissue proteins in tuberous sclerosis. I. Serum and red-cell polymorphic systems. 16 11

The effect of N6,O2'-dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic-monophosphate (dbcAMP) on the mobilization of calcium (Ca2+), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and lysosomal enzymes was studied in a bone culture system for 24 h using half calvaria from 6--7 day-old mice. DbcAMP inhibited spontaneous as well as parathyroid hormone-stimulated mineral mobilization. DbcAMP in a concentration of 5 x 10(-4)M also reduced the activities of beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase and acid phosphatase found in the media while the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were not affected. It is concluded that cAMP is not a stimulator but an inhibitor of bone resorption within the culture period studied (24 h) and that the cyclic nucleotide might interfere with release processes involved in bone resorption.
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PMID:Inhibitory effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on the release of calcium, inorganic phosphate and lysosomal enzymes from calvarial bones cultured for 24 hours. 22 6

Investigations were performed with the aim of establishing the influence of various environmental conditions (such as steady field conditions, climatized laboratories, Faraday's cage) on a number of enzymic activities in the rat (including glutamic oxaloacetic tic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase), as well as the serum concentrations of triglycerides, the oxygen consumption of hepatic parenchyma cells, and the influence on the incorporation of 3H-thymidine (following partial hepatectomy). In the steady field, the activities of the cytoplasmic enzymes (GOT, GPT, LDH) were higher then under Faraday conditions. The same applies both to the hepatic oxygen consumption and to the neutral fat serum levels. The control values always remained within the range of the results obtained under steady field or Faraday conditions. In the structure-linked enzymes (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase) the results were not uniform. Following partial hepatectomy, and under steady field conditions, the serum triglyceride concentrations showed a less pronounced drop than they did in the controls. Under selected environmental conditions, the results obtained lie within the physiological range. The present findings, therefore, do not permit definite conclusions to be drawn on favourable or unfavourable effects exerted by the different types of electroclimates.
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PMID:[Metabolism of rat liver in the electrostatic field and in the faraday cage before and after hepatectomy (author's transl)]. 24 66

A procedure has been developed to phenotype eight erythrocytic enzymes, phosphoglucomutase (PGM1), adenylate kinase (AK), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), adenosine deaminase (ADA), glyoxalase (GLO), esterase-D (EsD), acid phosphatase (AcP), and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) in one acrylamide gel and also to detect the presence of common abnormal hemoglobins. The agar overlay technic has been eliminated. This simplified procedure renders the phenotyping of erythrocytic enzymes practical in paternity testing.
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PMID:Phenotyping of eight erythrocytic enzymes in one acrylamide gel. 45 83

Lysosome are subcellular particles in which several acid hydrolases of various specificities are localized. The role of lysosome in cellular physiology and pathology has drawn considerable recent attention by several groups of investigators. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activities of lysosomal enzymes--acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase--in hepatic disorders. 1) The serum levels of beta-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase were significantly elevated in patients with diseases of the hepatobiliary system. 2) N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity in urine specimens from patients with diseases of the hepatobiliary system was found to be significantly higher than in urine specimens from normal adults. 3) Male albino rats of 150 approximately 200 g body weight were used. CCl4 was injected intraperitoneally (dose 0.1 ml of CCl4 per 100 g body weight twice a week for eight weeks). The free activities of lysosomal enzyme were increased and high free/total activity ratios were found in the liver lysosomal fraction of CCl4 intoxicated rats. The results of these experiment indicated that the membranes of lysosome were more permeable to their enzymes, and the release of these enzymes were found in the experimental fatty liver by CCl4. 4) Corticosteroids and chloroquine stabilized rat liver lysosome in vitro from the labilizing influence of incubation at 37 degrees C. 5) The administration of chloroquine to CCl4 intoxicated rats did not cause any well-expressed stabilization of lysosomes. 6) When alpha-Tocopherol was administrated to CCl4 intoxicated rats, the decrease of bound activity and increase of free activity in lysosomal fraction, and increase of acid hydrolases, GOT and GPT in serum were inhibited.
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PMID:[Studies on lysosomes in hepatic disorders (author's transl)]. 48

1. Enzyme activities were studied in blood plasma from Rhenish, Italian, Landes and Masseubian geese. 2. Strains used for liver production (Landes, Masseubian) showed higher activities of aspartate transaminase (AST) [EC 2.6.1.1], alanine transaminase (ALT) [EC 2.6.1.2] and fructose aldolase (FRA) [EC 4.1.2.13] while breeds with high egg production (Rhenish, Italian) had higher activities of both alkaline phosphatase (ALP) [EC 3.1.3.1] and acid phosphatase (ACP) [EC 3.1.3.2]
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PMID:Blood enzyme activities in different breeds of geese. 49 70

Studies on organ homogenates of 22 one-year-old healthy geese indicated ubiquiternal distribution of GOT and GPT transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline and acid phosphatase, aldolase and kreatine phosphokinase, without the presence of any pronounced organ specificity of some of the named enzymes. It is presumed that the investigation on these enzymes in goose blood serum can be of use only for determining the degree and the course of a given disease, but not for organ-localization of the disease's process.
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PMID:[Enzymatic activity study of the organs and blood serum of geese]. 53 93

In order to examine a role of lysosomes in the pathogenesis of fatty livers, analysis was made on possible etiologic factors, clinical signs and symptoms as well as laboratory data of routine liver function tests in 32 subjects with fatty livers. Of 18 cases, enzyme activities of serum acid phosphatase (Acp), beta-glucuronidase (betaG) and n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (nbetaG) were measured and compared with those obtained in 20 normal subjects. Subjective symptoms were observed in 75% of the cases examined, liver swelling in 56%, positive GOT, GPT and BSP retention were in 59, 75 and 68%, respectively. The activity of serum lysosomal enzymes such as Acp, betaG and nbetaG were significantly increased and their incidence was 28, 89 and 78%, respectively. In animal experiments, activities of these enzymes in both serum and liver homogenate were examined in rats with choline-deficient, ethionine-treated, and alcoholic fatty livers. Results obtained were as follows: 1) Lysosomal enzyme activity in sera and livers of choline-deficient rats showed a significant decrease in lysosome-rich fraction and a significant increase in supernatant fraction and sera. 2) The enzyme activity in ethionine-treated rats decreased significantly in lysosome-rich fraction and tended to increase in supernatant fraction. The activity of betaG in sera increased markedly. 3) In rats given ethanol for 4 weeks, the enzyme activity of sera and liver homogenates significantly increased in lysosome-rich fraction. These results indicate that the analysis of serum lysosomal enzyme activity, in the light of clinical features and laboratory data of routine liver function tests, is useful for the diagnosis of the fatty liver. A discussion is given of a possible mode of variation of lysosomal enzymes in rats with fatty livers.
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PMID:[Clinical and experimental studies on changes in lysosomal enzyme activity in fatty livers (author's transl)]. 71 Nov 25

Hematological changes and concurrent enzymatic activities in various tissues were determined in rats injected parentally with Iomex, a petroleum derivate and proposed weedicide. Among the hematological parameters studied only the differential leucocytic count showed significant alterations. This was indicated by a significant decrease in the number of lymphocytes and an increase in those of neutrophils. Significant differences were not observed in the levels of acid phosphatase, glutamic oxaloacetic, and glutamic pyruvate transaminase activities in brain and liver of the experimental group of animals.
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PMID:Toxicological studies on hydrocarbons--Iomex. 90 75

The values of the transaminases (GOT, GPT) and the acid phosphatase in the ejaculate do not differ between men of known fertility and infertile men.
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PMID:[Transaminases and acid phosphatase in the ejaculate and their relation to fertility]. 94 50


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