Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hyperlipidemia and many other metabolic diseases are related to oxidative stress. Centella asiatica is a traditional Chinese medicine whose antioxidant effect in vitro has been reported. We are interested in whether it possesses this effect in vivo and hence modulates lipid metabolism. Therefore, experiments were carried out on mice and golden hamsters regarding its antioxidant and hypolipidemic effect. We observed that a fraction (CAF3) of the ethanol extract (CAE) of Centella asiatica had a cholesterol decrease of 79% and a triglyceride decrease of 95% in acute mice model, so CAF3 was further investigated in high-fat-fed hamster model. It was shown that CAF3 increased SOD and GSH-Px activities and decreased MDA level, and it also improved TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, AST, and ALT levels. L-CAT and SR-BI gene expression in hamsters were increased. Taken together, our data suggest that the CAF3 fraction of Centella asiatica has antioxidant and hypolipidemic properties.
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PMID:Effect of Centella asiatica on oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic animal models. 2482 18

BACKGROUND Ischemic type biliary lesions (ITBL) is a troublesome complication after liver transplantation. Little is known about its pathogenesis and there is particularly little data about morphological alterations. Prolonged warm and cold ischemia time and reduced hepatic arterial perfusion are risk factors leading to ITBL. There are only a few animal models described in literature. Therefore, we examined the effects of 3 h of hepatic artery ischemia-reperfusion (3 h I/R) and hepatic arterial ligation (HAL), both combined with ligation of the peribiliary plexus (PBP). MATERIAL AND METHODS 3 h I/R was performed by clamping the hepatic artery with microvascular clamps for 3 h. HAL was performed by ligation of the hepatic artery. Both procedures were combined with stenting of the common bile duct with double ligation of the PBP. A sham group without clamping served as control. Serum activities of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), direct and total bilirubin (DB/TB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured. Bile flow was analyzed and histological examinations of leukocyte infiltration (CAE), cell proliferation (PCNA), apoptotic cells (HE), and bile ducts morphology (CK7) were performed. Western blots of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and caspase 3 were made to investigate vascular growth expression and apoptotic cell death. RESULTS 3 h I/R and HAL were associated with a significant hepatocellular injury and inflammation, shown through increased AST and ALT, leukocyte infiltration, and apoptotic cell death. An increase of bile ducts and a reduction of arteries/bile duct ratio after 30 days was observed in the 3 h I/R group and HAL, but no ITBL-typical bile duct necrosis, intrahepatic strictures, or dilatations of bile ducts occurred. CONCLUSIONS Morphological alterations in a rat animal model of 3 h I/R and HAL could be demonstrated. However, a model of intrahepatic biliary lesions could not be established through hepatic arterial ligation or through 3-h hepatic arterial ischemia and reperfusion.
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PMID:Neither Isolated Hepatic Arterial Clamping nor Hepatic Arterial Ligation Induce Ischemic Type Biliary Lesions in Rats. 2776 37