Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The evolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope variation was studied using a liver-transplant model to evaluate the role of HCV quasispecies for hepatocyte infection. Twelve HCV polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive liver-transplant recipients (6 with posttransplantation biochemical hepatitis and 6 without hepatitis [controls]) were prospectively evaluated and underwent detailed quasispecies analysis of pre- and postoperative serum samples. HCV amino acid sequence diversity and complexity at the first hypervariable region (HVR1) of the second envelope protein (E2) was correlated with outcome. Recurrence of HCV-induced allograft injury was defined by persistently elevated serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. The major variant (sequences >10% of all clones) of recipients with hepatitis accounted for a significantly smaller percent of all preoperative clones compared with controls (41% +/- 6% vs. 69% +/- 8%; P <.015). Recipients with hepatitis had an increased number of pretransplantation major variants (2.5 +/- 0.3 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.2; P <.006). Eighty-three percent of controls had a predominant variant (accounting for >50% of clones) compared with 17% of those with recurrence (P <.05). These differences did not persist postoperatively. In addition, recipients without a pretransplantation predominant variant demonstrated an increased allograft fibrosis score (2.3 +/- 0.3 vs. 0.5 +/- 0.3; P <.015) at 181 to 360 days posttransplantation compared with those in whom a predominant variant was present. Increased HCV envelope complexity may act as a stronger antigenic stimulus or improve hepatocyte receptor binding and lead to allograft hepatitis and fibrosis. Although pretransplantation differences in HCV quasispecies did not persist postoperatively, pretransplantation quasispecies may be a predictor of HCV-induced hepatitis and graft fibrosis after liver transplantation.
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PMID:Pretransplantation hepatitis C virus quasispecies may be predictive of outcome after liver transplantation. 1091 45

The prevalence of TT virus (TTV) and GB virus-C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) infection and the association with raised liver function tests in 546 Taiwanese with negative HBsAg, anti-HCV and HCV RNA was elucidated. They were tested for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), GBV-C/HGV RNA, anti-envelope protein 2 antibody (anti-E2) and TTV DNA. Direct sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were performed on 58 isolates for TTV genotype determination. The prevalence of TTV DNA, GBV-C/HGV RNA, anti-E2 and over all GBV-C/HGV exposure was 24.9, 3.4, 8.2 and 11.1%, respectively. Using uni- and multi-variate analyses, male gender and TTV viremia were associated significantly with raised ALT values. Sixty-nine percent of TTV isolates were deduced to be TTV genotype 1 and they had significantly lower mean age than genotype non-1 isolates. In the population, raised ALT may be related to male gender and be attributable to TTV infection but not to GBV-C/HGV among individuals with no evidence of current HBV and HCV infection. TTV genotype 1 is the most prevalent genotype and associated with younger age.
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PMID:The prevalence of TT virus and GB virus C/hepatitis G virus infection in individuals with raised liver enzymes but without HBV or HCV infection in Taiwan. 1240 7

Of the eight different isolates of SEN virus (SENV), SENV-D and SENV-H have been suggested associated with transfusion-associated hepatitis. The prevalence and clinical significance of these two SENV strains among blood donors in southern Taiwan were investigated in this study. Sera of 223 blood donors who were negative for serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and third-generation HCV antibody (anti-HCV) from a blood center of southern Taiwan were tested for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) anti-envelope protein 2 (anti-E2) antibody and RNA, and SENV-D and -H DNA. Of the 223 donors, the prevalence of SENV-D and/or -H (SENV-D/H), SENV-D, SENV-H DNA, GBV-C/HGV RNA, and anti-E2 were 24.2, 19.7, 5.8, 2.2, and 8.5%. The donors with SENV-D DNA had a significantly higher mean age than those without (31.2 +/- 10.9 vs. 27.5 +/- 8.3 years; P = 0.014). No association between positive SENV DNA and gender, GBV-C/HGV exposure, mean ALT level, or abnormal ALT was found. Based on multiple logistic regression analysis, the increased age was the only independent factor associated with positive SENV-D DNA (odds ratio, 1.042; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.08). Nearly a fourth of blood donors in southern Taiwan were infected by SENV-D/H, with SENV-D more prevalent than SENV-H. Patients with higher ages have a higher prevalence of SENV-D. SENV-D or SENV-H infection was not associated with ALT levels.
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PMID:Prevalence and clinical significance of SEN virus infection among volunteer blood donors in southern Taiwan. 1538 43


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