Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A cooperative study was carried out in 32 institutions throughout the country to evaluate the clinical efficacy of recombinant human leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-alpha A, Ro 22-8181) on malignant tumors of the urogenital tract. The responses were evaluated according to the "Criteria for the Evaluation of Clinical Effects of Cancer Chemotherapy on Solid Tumor" proposed by Koyama and Saito. Out of 269 cases which were examined in the present study, 138 cases were evaluable. Among 108 cases with renal cell carcinoma, efficacy was observed in 15 cases; complete response (CR) in 2 cases and partial response (PR) in 13 cases, indicating an efficacy rate of 13.9%. PR was obtained in 1 case out of 14 with bladder cancer and 1 case out of 6 with tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter. Main subjective and objective adverse reactions observed were fever, malaise, anorexia and nausea and/or vomiting. Laboratory test abnormalities consisted of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and elevation of GOT X GPT. All of these disappeared with discontinuation of rIFN-alpha A or after administration of its therapeutic dose.
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PMID:[Clinical efficacy of recombinant human leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-alpha A) on malignant tumors of the urogenital tract]. 388 63

A Phase II study of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-alpha A, Ro 22-8181) was performed in 121 patients with hematological malignancies at 33 institutions from July, 1982 to May, 1984. Patients received Ro 22-8181 by intramuscular injection daily for more than 4 weeks. Daily doses were escalated from 3 X 10(6) to 6X, 9X, 18X, 36X and 50X 10(6) units every 3-7 days. Among 70 evaluable cases, complete or partial responses were observed in 15 patients (21.4%). One complete and 10 partial responses (22.4%) were noted in 49 cases of multiple myeloma, 2 partial remissions (18.2%) in 11 cases of malignant lymphoma and 2 partial remissions (25.0%) in 8 cases of leukemia. Side effects included fever (57.0%), anorexia (34.2%), nausea-vomiting (22.8%), malaise (19.0%), leukopenia (44.3%), thrombocytopenia (45.6%) and increase of GOT or GPT (26.6% or 22.8%). They were all not serious and disappeared quickly after the discontinuation of Ro 22-8181.
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PMID:[Phase II study of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (Ro 22-8181) in hematological malignancies]. 388 64

Forty-two patients with hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis were treated by intramuscular injections with OK-432, an immunopotentiator possessing interferon-inducing activity. They were monitored with serial measurements of virological parameters to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness, and compared with a group of seventy-five untreated patients (natural course group). In the group receiving OK-432 therapy, twenty-seven patients (64.3% of the forty-two patients) became negative for HBeAg in an average observation period of 20.1 months. Of these, fourteen patients (33.3% of the forty-two patients) underwent seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe antibody (anti-HBe). In the natural course group, twenty-three patients (30.7% of the seventy-five patients) lost HBeAg reactivity in a mean follow-up period of 32.3 months, and thirteen patients (17.3% of the seventy-five patients) became seroconverted. Thus, the drug group showed significantly higher percentages of patients with disappearance of HBeAg and seroconversion, notwithstanding the shorter duration of the follow-up. Young males and females, females generally, or patients with high serum GPT levels were more likely to respond to the therapy. The serum GPT level tended to stabilize more in patients receiving OK-432.
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PMID:Treatment of HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis with a streptococcal preparation (OK-432). 397 58

A phase II study on recombinant human leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-alpha A) was carried out in 30 patients with urogenital cancers. Each patient received rIFN-alpha A by i.m. injection every day for at least 4 weeks. The initial daily dose was 3 X 10(6) U, being escalated at intervals of 3 days or more up to 50 X 10(6) U. The results are summarized as follows: In aged patients, the daily dose appropriate for everyday i.m. injection was considered to be 9 X 10(6) U or below, judging from the adverse reactions observed. According to Koyama and Saito's response criteria, partial response (PR) and minor response (MR) were obtained, respectively, in 3 and 1 out of 12 patients with renal cell carcinoma, while PR was seen in 1 out of 9 with urothelial cancer. No response was observed in patients with testicular cancer and in those with prostatic cancer. Various kinds of adverse reactions were recognized and each patient showed one reaction or more. Fever, fatigue, leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia and elevation of GOT and GPT were observed relatively frequently. Among these, fatigue and thrombocytopenia were regarded as dose limiting factors.
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PMID:[Phase II study of recombinant human leukocyte A interferon on urogenital cancer patients]. 400 82

Recombinant human leukocyte (alpha) interferon was administered i.m. at the initial dose of 3 X 10(6) U/day to 27 patients with measurable metastatic renal cell carcinoma during the past 2 years. The results of 22 of these patients were evaluable. Three patients (13.6%) showed partial response; 3 patients (13.6%), minor response; 7 patients (31.8%), no change; and 9 patients (40.9%), progressive disease. Major toxicity consisted of fever (55.5%), anorexia (44.4%), malaise (22.2%), elevation of GOT/GPT (48.1%), leukopenia (44.4%) and thrombocytopenia (29.6%). When the 3 patients who showed stabilization (S) and the 2 patients who showed mixed effects (ME) among the 7 patients who showed no change are classified into the responded group, half the patients had some response to interferon. Characteristics of these responders (PR + MR + ME + S) were good performance status, relatively longer disease-free interval, metastases limited to the lungs or metastasis to lungs and one other organ excluding the liver, and frequency of interferon-induced thrombocytopenia. Interferon administration is still being continued to 4 patients on an outpatient basis, 5 patients are hospitalized and 13 patients have died. In conclusion, patients with pulmonary metastases seem to be the best responding group for interferon treatment in renal cell carcinoma and further trials, especially combined regimens with chemotherapy and/or other kinds of interferon should be tested.
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PMID:[The treatment of renal cell carcinoma with recombinant human leukocyte interferon]. 402 77

Ten patients with small cell lung cancer were treated with high dose human lymphoblastoid interferon (50-100 megaunits m-2) for 5 days, followed by low dose interferon (3 megaunits m-2) for 3 weeks. At the end of treatment, and one month later, there was no evidence of either complete or partial response. The treatment produced fever, anorexia and weight loss, with transient leucopenia and thrombocytopenia; there was evidence of a non-cholestatic elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase, with clinical deterioration in the condition of three patients presenting with hyponatraemia. A transient hypocalcaemia during high dose therapy was also noted. It seems that lymphoblastoid interferon as a single agent is unlikely to have a role in the treatment of small cell lung cancer, and that its administration as employed in this study is associated with considerable toxicity.
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PMID:Human lymphoblastoid interferon in the treatment of small cell lung cancer. 629 17

The effect of Picibanil, a streptococcal agent, on the development of liver injury after operations for urogenital cancer was studied retrospectively in the light of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity. The series comprised 32 cases receiving Picibanil and 33 controls with otherwise comparable clinical backgrounds. Picibanil reduced the incidence of postoperative ALT rise over 50 U/l within 6 weeks but increased it thereafter. The increase in ALT activity after 6 weeks was relatively small and was seen more often in patients given blood transfusions. It was interpreted as retardation and suppression of ALT rise and as being related to the induction of interferon or to immunopotentiation. Other antihepatotoxic effects of Picibanil, due to its antioxidant activity, for example, may also account for the prevention of the early postoperative rise in ALT activity.
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PMID:Effect of streptococcal preparation (picibanil) on the postoperative rise in serum alanine aminotransferase activity in patients with urogenital cancer. 645 Nov 46

Ninety consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis C were included in a randomized, uncontrolled trial to compare the efficacy of two treatment regimens, 10 MU (group A) vs 5 MU (group B), of lymphoblastoid interferon, in a step-down schedule for 24 weeks. All of the patients had antibodies against the hepatitis C virus, and all but one were HCV RNA positive in serum. The origin of the infection was attributed to blood transfusion in 30 patients and classified as sporadic in 60 patients. During treatment reduction in the ALT levels as well as the elimination of viraemia was observed in both treated groups, although these changes did not correlate significantly with the interferon dose. Nine months after the end of therapy, a sustained response was achieved in 13.6% (12/88) of the patients. Relapse in group B (87.5%) was significantly higher than in group A (59.1%). The percentage of cases which remained with undetectable HCV RNA was significantly higher for the sustained responders (66.7%) than for the non-responders (11.8%) and relapser patients (2.4%). Repeated liver biopsies showed an overall significant reduction of all the subindices of histological activity from patients with sustained response, except for fibrosis. In short: the 10 MU dosing regimen of lymphoblastoid interferon was as efficient as the 5 MU dose as it brought about a similar improvement in ALT levels, histological activity and elimination of viraemia, albeit 10 MU proved significantly more effective in the prevention of a relapse among the responders after 24 weeks therapy.
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PMID:Comparative study of two high doses of lymphoblastoid interferon in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: influence on the levels of ALT, viraemia and histologic activity. 748 45

The efficacy of recombinant interferon-alfa therapy in children with chronic hepatitis C has been evaluated in a randomized, controlled pilot study including 27 patients, aged 2 to 14 years, without underlying systemic diseases. On entry, all patients had abnormal alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, 22 were hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA positive, 19 had mild chronic active hepatitis, and 8 had chronic persistent hepatitis on liver biopsy. Fourteen children received 5 MU/m2 of recombinant interferon-alfa2b thrice weekly for 4 months. If at this time ALT had been reduced to at least 50% the baseline level, treatment was continued up to 12 months. The other 13 children remained untreated. The whole follow-up period lasted 24 months. Interferon was stopped at 4 months in 4 children because of an ALT increase (2 cases), unchanged ALT and febrile convulsions (1 case), and slight ALT decrease (1 case). This latter patient, however, had normal ALT at 6 months and throughout further follow-up, and cleared HCV RNA, thus behaving as a sustained responder. All 10 children treated for 12 months had normal levels of ALT, and 9 were HCV RNA negative at the end of treatment. Of the 9 children who could be followed to 24 months, 4 relapsed soon after therapy withdrawal and 5 maintained a sustained biochemical and virologic response. Overall, 6 (43%) of 14 treated children had a sustained ALT normalization associated with HCV RNA clearance as compared with only 1 (7.5%) untreated child who had a sustained ALT normalization but did not clear HCV RNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Recombinant interferon-alfa therapy in children with chronic hepatitis C. 748 65

We have conducted a randomized study to compare the efficacy and tolerance of human interferon (IFN) beta vs recombinant IFN-alpha 2b in patients with chronic active hepatitis C. Forty patients were included: 21 received IFN-alpha (group A) and 19 IFN-beta (group B). IFN was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 6 MU three times a week (tiw) for 2 months (induction phase), followed by 3 MU tiw for 4 months. Clinical, epidemiological and pathological features were similar in the two groups. Normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values at the end of treatment was regarded as a response to therapy and the response rate was 57% (12/21) in group A and 5.2% (1/19) in group B (P < 0.01). Both types of IFN induced a significant decrease in mean ALT values by the end of the induction phase (P < 0.01). When the dose was reduced to 3 MU, a marked, but not significant increase in ALT, was seen in group B, whereas no increase was seen in group A. IFN-beta was better tolerated and haematological adverse effects (platelet and leucocyte decrease) were less pronounced with IFN-beta. Hence, human IFN-beta was less effective than IFN-alpha in treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Doses of IFN-beta of 3 MU intramuscular (IM) tiw were clearly insufficient and it remains to be established whether higher doses of intramuscularly IFN-beta can be useful.
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PMID:Clinical efficacy of intramuscular human interferon-beta vs interferon-alpha 2b for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. 749 97


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