Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Enzyme activity of lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate-oxalacetate and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, creatine phosphokinase, cholinesterase, alkaline, acid and prostatic phosphatase and aldolase has been studied in a total of 213 subjects, of whom 97 were of good health, 63 had bone tumors and 53 suffered from osteomyelitis. The activities of the majority of the enzymes were found to become significantly changed in comparison with the norm. In both patient groups, the more striking differences being noted in that of osteomyelitis. However, enzymatic activity alone does not allow to differentiate the group of bone tumors from that of osteomyelitis, the differences between these two groups not being of significance in any one of the enzymes followed.
...
PMID:Serum enzyme activity in bone tumors and osteomyelitis (LDH, GOT, GPT, CPK, CHE, ALP, AP, PP, ALD). 19 May 48

Ceforanide, a new cephalosporin antibiotic with a long half-life (3 h), can be administered twice daily. We evaluated its antimicrobial activity, pharmacology, and clinical efficacy. Twenty-seven patients with infections due to susceptible organisms received ceforanide, 0.5, 1, or 2 g, intramuscularly or intravenously every 12 h for 6 to 28 days. In vitro studies with the clinical isolates from 27 patients treated plus 263 additional isolates showed that ceforanide was active against cephalothin-susceptible gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. In addition, ceforanide inhibited 65% of cephalothin-resistant Escherichia coli and 65% of Enterobacter spp. at </=12.5 mug/ml. After a single 1-g intramuscular dose, the mean peak plasma concentration at 1 h was 48.9 mug/ml and that at 12 h was 4.7 mug/ml. Plasma accumulation occurred in some patients. The infections included 10 pneumonias, 3 with bacteremia and 1 with empyema; 11 soft tissue infections, 4 with abscesses and 3 with sepsis; and 3 urinary tract infections. One case each of endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and septic thrombophlebitis, all due to Staphylococcus aureus, were treated. Clinical response was satisfactory in all patients; bacteriological response was satisfactory in 26 of 27 patients. Ceforanide was well tolerated. Three patients developed mild increases in liver enzymes, and one developed slight eosinophilia. In another case, the antibiotic was discontinued because of a fivefold rise in serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (aspartate aminotransferase) and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (alanine aminotransferase) and a twofold rise in lactic acid dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase.
...
PMID:Ceforanide: in vitro and clinical evaluation. 50 95

A 10-year old girl (34.5 kg) being treated at our clinic for osteomyelitis erroneously received an overdose of lincomycin. On a single day she was given 2 infusions containing 6 g of lincomycin each, which corresponds to a dose of 343 mg/kg of body weight. There was an interval of 10 h between infusions. Apart from fatigue and unpleasant taste sensation, she demonstrated no signs of intoxication. None of the laboratory parameters (GOT, GPT, gamma-GT, LDH, G-LDH, LAP, alkaline phosphatase and CK; furthermore, the concentrations of glucose, BUN, creatinine, uric acid and bilirubin) offered any evidence of toxic organ damage. Osteomyelitis in children demands extremely high doses of antibiotics. In view of this fact, the therapeutic range of a substance is of utmost clinical interest.
...
PMID:[The toxicity of lincomycin. Two i.v. applications of 6 g. each to a 10 year old girl without toxic symptoms]. 58 12

Broadcillin 'Banyu', which contains an equal amount of ampicillin and oxacillin was given intravenously to children with acute bacterial infections and the following results were obtained. 1. Patients were 55 children with the following bacterial infections; respiratory tract infections (8 cases), pneumonia (34), sepsis (1), meningitis (1), cutaneous and subcutaneous suppurative inflammation (5), osteomyelitis (1), urinary tract infection (2), enteritis (1), and chemoprophylaxis (2). They ranged in age from newborns to 8 year old, but most of them were infants. In the majority of the patients, broadcillin 'Banyu' was administered 50 approximately 150 mg/day in three to four equally divided doses by one shot-injection or by a continuous drip infusion for a period of 2 approximately 10 days. The overall efficacy rate was 88.7% in 53 cases after two cases of chemoprophylaxis were excluded, i.e., excellent in 28, good in 19 and failure in 6: excellent in 4 and good in 4 in 8 cases of respiratory tract infections; excellent in 20, good in 11 and failure in 3 in 34 cases of pneumonia (an efficacy rate 91.2%); failure in sepsis and meningitis: excellent in 2 and good in 3 in 5 cases of cutaneous and subcutaneous suppurative inflammation; excellent in osteomyelitis; excellent in 1 and good in 1 of 2 cases of urinary tract infection; failure in enteritis. 2. Adverse reactions were noted on 10 occasions in 9 cases (16.4%), including 1 case of skin eruption, 1 case of eosinophilia, 5 cases of slight elevation of GOT, 1 case of slight elevation of GPT and 2 cases of slight elevation of BUN. 3. Based on the above results, it was concluded that clinical effect of broadcillin 'Banyu' by an intravenous administration is comparable to its intramuscular route and that safety of intravenous usage seems to be verified as long as the above described dosage is followed.
...
PMID:[Clinical evaluation of intravenous administration of ampicillin-oxacillin (Broadcillin 'Banyu') in bacterial infections in children (author's transl)]. 66 Sep 30

This study describes the pharmacokinetic characteristics and clinical usefulness of cefpirome (CPR) in children. Mean half-lives of 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of CPR injected intravenously in one shot were 1.18 and 1.34 hours, respectively, and their mean recovery rates into urine were 69.8 and 72.2%, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of CPR against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae were the same as or lower than those of ceftazidime. CPR was clinically effective in 14/15 of patients with bacterial infections; 8/9 of pneumonia, 2/2 of bronchitis, 1/1 of pharyngitis, 1/1 of tonsillitis, 1/1 of osteomyelitis, 1/1 of urinary tract infection. No clinically overt side effects of CPR were found, while an increase of eosinophils in blood was observed in 2 cases, and an increase of platelet in blood in 1 case and an elevation of serum GPT activity in 1 case were also observed. These findings indicate that CPR is useful for the treatment of bacterial infections in children.
...
PMID:[Pharmacokinetical and clinical study of cefpirome in children]. 204 Nov 62

The usefulness of sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) in the treatment of pediatric infections was evaluated. 1. Twenty pediatric patients with infection were treated with SBT/ABPC and an intravenous dosage of 27.8-47.4 mg/kg, 3 to 4 times a day. Clinical efficacies in 18 patients excluding 2 patients of Mycoplasma pneumonia (9 cases of pneumonia, 6 urinary tract infection, 1 tonsillitis, 1 maxillary sinusitis and 1 osteomyelitis) were judged to be excellent in 13 patients and good in 5. There was no case of failure. 2. Bacteriological efficacies against 16 strains (1 Staphylococcus aureus, 3 Enterococcus faecalis, 4 Haemophilus influenzae, 2 Haemophilus parainfluenzae, 5 Escherichia coli and 1 Serratia sp.) isolated from 13 of the 18 patients were rated as "eradicated" for 13 strains, "decreased" for 1 and "unchanged" for 2 with an eradication rate of 81.3%. Of 13 strains eradicated, 3 were those with high beta-lactamase productivity. 3. Rash as a side effect developed in 1 patient and eosinophilia and elevated GOT and GPT were observed in 7 patients but none of them were serious. 4. Blood levels of the drug following an intravenous dose of 30 mg/kg were determined in 2 pediatric patients. Blood levels of SBT and ABPC at 30 minutes after intravenous administration were 19.0 and 29.2 micrograms/ml in one patient and 21.0 and 31.6 micrograms/ml in another, respectively, and those at 4 hours were 0.48 and 0.62 microgram/ml in one patient and 0.59 and 0.89 microgram/ml in another, respectively. The half-lives of SBT were 0.67 and 0.70 hour and those of ABPC were 0.64 and 0.69 hour in the 2 patients, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:[Bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of sulbactam/ampicillin in the pediatric field]. 274 51

Aztreonam was used successfully in 17 of 17 patients with orthopedic infections due to gram-negative bacilli (11, osteomyelitis; six, septic arthritis). Duration of treatment ranged from 14 to 55 days, and the period of follow-up was four to 18 months. Causative organisms included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter gergoviae, Citrobacter diversus, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter aerogenes. Aztreonam was well tolerated. The only definite reactions attributable to aztreonam were asymptomatic increases in serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) and serum alanine aminotransferase (SGPT) in four patients; none of these reactions interfered with completion of therapy. Adverse reactions that were possibly attributable to aztreonam included rash (two patients), diarrhea (one patient), and leukopenia (one patient). All of these patients were receiving antibiotics active against gram-positive organisms in mixed infections in addition to aztreonam. Aztreonam is a promising new monobactam without significant toxicity. It has good activity against gram-negative aerobic bacteria, including P. aeruginosa, and is effective in the treatment of serious infections due to gram-negative aerobes.
...
PMID:Aztreonam in the treatment of bone and joint infections caused by gram-negative bacilli. 293 86

Twenty-five infants and children with acute osteomyelitis (n = 7), suppurative arthritis (n = 11), or both (n = 7) were treated with imipenem and cilastatin sodium. Patients ranged in age from 5 months to 11.3 years. Needle aspiration of infected sites was performed in all patients, and 11 (44%) required further surgical drainage. Imipenem and cilastatin sodium in a dosage of 100 mg/kg/d was used for children 3 years of age or younger, while older ones received 60 mg/kg/d intravenously, divided in four equal doses. Bacterial pathogens were identified in 15 patients (60%): Staphylococcus aureus in five, Haemophilus influenzae b in four, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in two, Streptococcus pneumoniae in one, group A Streptococcus in one, Kingella kingae in one, and Citrobacter amalonaticus in one. All isolates were susceptible to imipenem in vitro. Imipenem and cilastatin therapy was continued for a median of six days followed by treatment with appropriate orally administered antibiotics. Median peak serum bactericidal titers after imipenem and cilastatin infusions were 1:512 for S aureus, 1:32 for H influenzae b, 1:512 for streptococci, and 1:16 for gram-negative rods. All but one patient with P aeruginosa osteomyelitis responded favorably to imipenem and cilastatin. The median duration until resolution of symptoms was six days. Imipenem and cilastatin infusions were well tolerated, and side effects included maculopapular rash in one patient, watery diarrhea in one, and mild transient elevation of alanine aminotransferase levels in three. Because of imipenem and cilastatin's unusually broad spectrum of activity and its relative safety, this drug combination can be used for the initial, empiric therapy of acute bone and joint infections in pediatric patients.
...
PMID:Imipenem and cilastatin in acute osteomyelitis and suppurative arthritis. Therapy in infants and children. 354 11

Twenty-one patients with serious gram-negative infections were treated with aztreonam. Twenty of these were clinical and microbiologic cures; there was one clinical improvement with microbiologic persistence. No bacteria became resistant. Cure rates were: bone and joint (11 of 11); skin and soft tissue (six of six); pneumonia (two of two); perinephric abscess (one of one); and intra-abdominal abscess (zero of one). The bacteria responsible for these infections included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12), Serratia marcescens (two), Enterobacter gergoviae (three), Enterobacter aerogenes (two), Escherichia coli (one), Citrobacter diversus (one), and Hemophilus influenzae (one). Aztreonam was well tolerated. Significant serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase/serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase elevations developed in three patients, but none was symptomatic and all resolved after therapy was stopped. Two patients in whom a rash developed were receiving other antibiotics (vancomycin and metronidazole), making the cause of the rash unclear. Diarrhea developed in a single patient with Pseudomonas osteomyelitis, who also was receiving cefazolin for Staphylococcus aureus superinfection of his decubitus ulcer. Aztreonam was highly effective against gram-negative bacilli, including P. aeruginosa. The only clear-cut side effect was an asymptomatic rise in serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase/serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase levels in three patients.
...
PMID:Treatment of gram-negative infections with aztreonam. 403 77

Timentin is an exciting new antibiotic agent that is a combination of ticarcillin and clavulanic acid. Forty-seven patients with osteomyelitis received 3.1 g of Timentin intravenously every six hours. The mean duration of therapy was 32 days. The diagnosis was made by bone biopsy; bone biopsy was repeated at the completion of therapy. The bacterial etiology was predominately gram-positive organisms. Of the organisms isolated, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate and represented 39 percent of the total isolates. Streptococcus species were isolated in 13 percent, Group D Enterococcus in 15 percent, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 10 percent; 23 percent of the isolates were other gram-negative organisms. All but one organism were initially sensitive to Timentin. Three resistant organisms were isolated during therapy. Twenty-seven patients were classified as having a cure, based on no growth on repeat bone biopsy cultures and clinical signs of bone healing. Twenty-two patients returned for follow-up (one to nine months after therapy) and had no evidence of infection; however, because of the short follow-up period, these patients were classified as showing improvement. Six patients had adverse reactions to Timentin: two had mild allergic phenomena and two had prolonged bleeding times. In all four, therapy was discontinued. Two patients had a transient, mild elevation in the level of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (less than twice normal levels). This new agent looks exciting for therapy of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial osteomyelitis.
...
PMID:Ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid (Timentin) therapy for osteomyelitis. 407 77


1 2 3 Next >>

---