Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five cases of hypoplastic acute myelocytic leukemia were treated with an IgG-melphalan conjugate, K-18. Eight tablets of K-18, containing 30 mg per tablet, were given daily. One patient, a 68-year-old female, obtained complete remission with a duration of 1.5 + months. Among the four remaining patients without remission, one showed a decrease in leukemic cells in the peripheral blood. No side effects of K-18 were observed except in one patient, showing a slight increase in serum GOT and GPT levels. Further studies with a large group will be necessary to clarify the effect of this drug on hypoplastic leukemia.
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PMID:[Clinical effects of K-18 (IgG-melphalan) in hypoplastic leukemia: a case report]. 244 35

During 7 years 81 patients received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) for several diseases. The prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was undertaken with methotrexate (MTX), MTX plus antilymphocytic gammaglobulin plus prednisone (MTX + ALT + P), and elimination of the T-lymphocytes of the donor's bone marrow with the monoclonal antibody CAMPATH-1. The actuarial survival of the patients who did not develop GVHD was significantly better than that of those who developed grade II-IV GVHD: 56% [95% confidence interval (CI) 39-71%] versus 10% (95% CI 3-25%) (p less than 0.0001). However, actuarial survival was similar in each of the three groups: MTX 35%, MTX + ALT + P 38%, and CAMPATH-1 43%. The incidence of GVH disease, when the sex of the donor and the receptor were different, was significantly higher than in cases where the donor and the receptor had the same sex: 45% (95% CI 31-58%) vs 15% (95% CI 8-28%) (p less than 0.005). By contrast, significant differences were not found between the three groups in the incidence of GVHD: MTX 36%, MTX + ALT + P 34%, and CAMPATH-1 20%. In patients with leukemia, a higher number of relapses occurred in the MTX group, because a higher number of patients in second or third complete remission (CR) or with active disease underwent transplantation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Prevention of acute graft versus host disease using 3 prophylactic schemes]. 267 31

The phase II trial of natural interferon-alpha (HLBI) in treatment of adult T-cell leukemia was carried out as a cooperative study. Of the 24 cases which could be evaluated, 3 cases in crisis type and 5 cases in chronic type with lymphadenopathy and/or skin infiltration achieved PR, giving a response rate of 33.3%. The anti-tumor effect of HLBI for skin lesion could be assessed in 16 cases with skin infiltration, giving a response rate of 50.0% (5 CR and 3 PR) and demonstrating a high efficacy. Of the 31 eligible patients, side effects were recognised in 27 (87.1%). Major subjective and objective symptoms were fever (38.7%), fatigue (25.8%), anorexia (12.9%) and nausea (12.9%), and leukopenia (22.6%), granulocytopenia (38.7%), thrombocytopenia (38.7), elevation of GPT (12.9%) and GOT (12.9%) were observed.
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PMID:[Clinical study on the effect of natural alpha-interferon (HLBI) in the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia]. 305 2

The antitumor activity of RA-700, a cyclic hexapeptide isolated from Rubia Cordifolia, was evaluated in comparison with deoxy-bouvardin and vincristine (VCR). As regards the proliferation of L1210 cultured cells, the cytotoxicity of RA-700 was similar to that of VCR but superior to that of deoxy-bouvardin. The IC50 value of RA-700 was 0.05 mcg/ml under our experimental conditions. RA-700 inhibited the incorporation of 14C-leucine at a concentration at which no effects were observed on the incorporation of 3H-thymidine and 3H-uridine in L1210 culture cells in vitro. The antitumor activity of RA-700 was similar to that of deoxy-bouvardin and VCR against P388 leukemia. Daily treatment with RA-700 at an optimal dose resulted in 118% ILS. As with deoxy-bouvardin and VCR, the therapeutic efficacy of RA-700 depends on the time schedule. RA-700 showed marginal activity against L1210 leukemia (50% ILS), similar to that of deoxy-bouvardin but inferior to that of VCR. RA-700 inhibited Lewis tumor growth in the early stage after tumor implantation, whereas deoxy-bouvardin and VCR did not. As regards toxicity, a slight reduction of peripheral WBC counts was observed with the drug, but no reduction of RBC and platelet counts. BUN, creatinine, GPT and GOT levels in plasma did not change with the administration of the drug.
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PMID:Antitumor activity and toxicity in mice of RA-700, a cyclic hexapeptide. 363 86

A Phase II study of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-alpha A, Ro 22-8181) was performed in 121 patients with hematological malignancies at 33 institutions from July, 1982 to May, 1984. Patients received Ro 22-8181 by intramuscular injection daily for more than 4 weeks. Daily doses were escalated from 3 X 10(6) to 6X, 9X, 18X, 36X and 50X 10(6) units every 3-7 days. Among 70 evaluable cases, complete or partial responses were observed in 15 patients (21.4%). One complete and 10 partial responses (22.4%) were noted in 49 cases of multiple myeloma, 2 partial remissions (18.2%) in 11 cases of malignant lymphoma and 2 partial remissions (25.0%) in 8 cases of leukemia. Side effects included fever (57.0%), anorexia (34.2%), nausea-vomiting (22.8%), malaise (19.0%), leukopenia (44.3%), thrombocytopenia (45.6%) and increase of GOT or GPT (26.6% or 22.8%). They were all not serious and disappeared quickly after the discontinuation of Ro 22-8181.
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PMID:[Phase II study of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (Ro 22-8181) in hematological malignancies]. 388 64

Seventy-five patients with severe infection accompanying hematologic disorder, including leukemia and malignant lymphoma, were treated with cefotaxime (CTX). CTX was administered by intravenous drip infusion at a daily dose ranging from 4 to 16 g for terms of 3 to 21 days. The total doses were ranged from 12 to 226 g. The results obtained were as follows: Clinical effects: Excellent in 20 cases, good in 21 cases, fair in 7 cases and poor in 27 cases. The efficacy rate was 54.7% (41/75). Clinical effectiveness on isolated organisms (27 cases): In single infection (21 cases), the efficacy rates were 80% for Gram-positive cocci, including S. aureus and 63.6% for Gram-negative bacilli other than P. aeruginosa. In mixed infection (6 cases), the rate was 50.0%. There were no significant differences in the efficacy rates for those patients who were grouped by the initial number of neutrophil (less than 100, 101--500 and over 501/mm3). There were no significant difference in the efficacy rates for those patients who were grouped by the initial number of lymphocyte (less than 500 and over 501/mm3). Side effects and abnormal laboratory findings: One case of skin rash and 2 cases of elevated GOT and GPT were observed. CTX was therefore considered as a clinically useful antibiotic for the severe infections even in neutropenic state in patients suffering from malignant hematological diseases.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effect of cefotaxime against severe infections in patients with hematopoietic diseases]. 632 48

Health conditions were evaluated in 80 electrical workers exposed for many years to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures with a 42% mean chlorine content, who had blood PCB concentrations from 41 to 1319 micrograms/kg. The clinical study was based on personal history data, physical examination, and laboratory tests (red cell and leukocyte count; determination of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, bilirubin, serum protein electrophoretic fractions, pseudocholinesterase, AST, ALT, GGT, and OCT). Fifteen workers were found to have skin diseases--chloracne (4), folliculitis (4), oil dermatitis (1), juvenile acne (1), and dermatitis due to irritative or allergic agents (5). Sixteen workers showed more or less pronounced hepatic involvement, consisting most often of hepatomegaly with an increase in serum GGT, AST, ALT, and OCT values. In two workers bleeding cavernous haemangiomas were discovered, in one case associated with chronic myelocytic leukaemia. All the workers with chloracne were employed on electric capacitor impregnation with PCBs, and no definite association was found between chloracne and blood PCB concentrations. Conversely, a significant positive association was found between the abnormal liver findings and blood PCB concentrations, particularly trichlorobiphenyl blood concentrations. The abnormal hepatic findings observed are similar to those reported in experimental animals given PCBs, and in some workers such findings should probably be considered as clinical signs of hepatic microsomal enzyme induction.
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PMID:Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in electrical workers. II. Health effects. 645 Dec 37

Serum biochemical analyses were done on F344 rats in the early and late stages of mononuclear cell leukemia. There were marked increases in serum bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. Increases in these parameters generally were more severe in the late stages of leukemia. Both direct and indirect-reacting bilirubin were increased with the unconjugated form predominating early and the conjugated form predominating late in the course of the disease. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme determination correlated with histological examination indicated that liver damage was responsible for the observed changes. Urinalysis revealed marked hemoglobinuria, bilirubinuria and increased urine urobilinogen. Serum protein electrophoresis revealed marked reductions in the alpha globulin fractions.
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PMID:Pathology of the mononuclear cell leukemia of Fischer rats. III. Clinical chemistry. 664 40

From clinical study on micronomicin (MCR) [Sagamicin, KW-1062], the following results were obtained. MCR was administered clinically at the daily dose of 120--240 mg for 1--45 days to 23 patients. The clinical effectiveness rate of MCR was 72.7% in all cases. As side effects, exanthema, drop of blood pressure and shortness of breath were observed in 1 patient (malignant lymphoma). Elevations of S-GOT, S-GPT and BUN were encountered in some patients. However, these results might not be due to the administration of MCR, because antitumor agents on the blood transfusion had been applied to the patients suffering from underlying diseases such as leukemia or malignant tumor. Side effects, such as impairment of the 8th nerve, renal and liver function were not noted. MCR is considered to be a useful antibiotic in the treatment of various infectious diseases combined with underlying diseases, such as progressive cancer and leukemia, and the infectious diseases of the aged.
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PMID:[Clinical study on micronomicin in the field of internal medicine]. 687 62

Since it is known that the metabolism of acetaminophen is involved in its hepatotoxicity and that drug metabolizing enzyme activity is decreased in tumor bearing animals, it was of interest to study the influence of L-1210 leukaemia on acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in BDF-1 male mice. A single oral dose of acetaminophen, 125 mg/kg, was given at the fifth day of the mice survival period (7.7 days) and the animals killed twenty-four hours later. As revealed by serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase, acetaminophen was less hepatotoxic in leukaemic mice than in control mice by comparison with their own saline group; on the other hand the difference between control and leukaemic mice treated with acetaminophen was significant only for glutamic-pyruvic transaminase. Moreover, we found higher unchanged acetaminophen concentrations in plasma, liver, kidneys, brain and fat of the leukaemic mice as compared to controls, less conjugated metabolites in plasma and liver, decreased in vitro aniline hydroxylation and ethylmorphine N-demethylation. Finally, following acetaminophen administration, reduced hepatic glutathione was depleted to a much lesser extent in the tumor bearing animals than in controls. In conclusion, the L-1210 leukaemia seems to modify the acetaminophen hepatotoxicity and this effect might be explained by decreased acetaminophen biotransformation into toxic metabolites or intermediates.
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PMID:Influence of leukaemia on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. 689 Feb 27


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