Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S), a newly synthesized antibiotic which belongs to the oxacephem group, was clinically evaluated for its efficacy and safety in 17 patients with ages ranging from 1 month to 9 year-8-month who had bacterial infections. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. A pharmacokinetic study following 20 mg/kg FMOX administration by intravenous bolus injection showed that the half-life of FMOX (beta phase) was 39.8 minutes and the urinary excretion of FMOX in the first 6 hours was 76.5%. 2. FMOX was administered to 3 patients with pneumonia, 8 patients with bronchopneumonia, 2 patients with tonsillitis, 2 patients with pyelonephritis, one patient each with cervical lymphadenitis, and pustulosis associated with severe varicella at daily dosage levels of 61.9 approximately 87.2 mg/kg, divided into 3 or 4 administrations by intravenous bolus injection or by 30 minutes drip infusion. The clinical results of these 17 patients were as follows; excellent: 14 patients, good: 2 patients, poor: 1 patient. The efficacy rate was 94.1%. 3. No clinical adverse reaction was observed in any of the 17 patients. Neutropenia, eosinophilia, a slight elevation of GPT and slight elevations of GOT & GPT were observed in 1, 1, 1, and 2 patients, respectively. No abnormality in coagulation system was observed in any of 10 evaluable patients. 4. MICs of FMOX against 13 strains isolated from patients were as follows. MIC against 2 out of 3 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae was 0.20 micrograms/ml and that of the remaining 1 strain was 0.39 micrograms/ml.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical studies of flomoxef in the field of pediatrics]. 343 Jul 17

A lethal syndrome characterized clinically by growth retardation, progressive acrodermatitis, chronic pyoderma and paronychia, diarrhea, pneumonia, and abnormal behavior was observed in 17 related Bull Terrier pups. Median survival time was 7 months. Laboratory evaluation revealed non-degenerative neutrophilia, consistently low activities of serum alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase, and frequently, hypercholesterolemia. Lymphocyte blastogenic responses were decreased and there was dysgammaglobulinemia in pups in which quantitative studies of immunoglobulins were made. The mean of plasma zinc concentrations in 5 affected pups was significantly lower than the mean of age- and breed-matched controls. Pathologic findings included parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, and superficial bacterial infections of the skin. There was severe reduction of lymphocytes in T-lymphocyte areas of lymphoid tissue. Bronchopneumonia and dilatation of the cerebral ventricles were found in most affected pups. Family studies indicated that the syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. In spite of its similarities to lethal trait A46 in Black Pied Danish cattle and acrodermatitis enteropathica in man, oral or parenteral treatment with zinc failed to ameliorate the clinical signs of the syndrome.
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PMID:Lethal acrodermatitis in bull terriers. 371 Aug 72

The toxicity to guinea pigs of the thermal degradation products of conveyor belts, preliminarily filtered through mining gas-mask container, has been tested. The smoke from rubber belts was more toxic than that from polyvinyl chloride. Addition of coal during burning decreased the toxicity of smoke. The test products caused an increase in serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, and pulmonary emphysema and edema. In the animals that survived the early period post intoxication, bronchopneumonia as well as pneumonia of parenchymatous type and small degeneration lesions in the liver and kidney have been found.
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PMID:[Toxicity of volatile thermal degradation products of conveyer belts studied in guinea pigs]. 374 33

Ceftizoxime suppositories (CZX-S), containing 250 mg or 125 mg of CZX, were given to 6 children, 4 with acute bronchopneumonia and 2 with acute pharyngobronchitis, who were not suited to treatment with injectable or oral form of the drug. The clinical response was "good" in all the children and the causative organisms were eradicated in 2 children (H. influenzae or S. aureus). Adverse reactions consisted of 1 case each of diarrhea and transiently increased GPT. In conclusion, CZX-S proved to be highly effective in the treatment of bacterial infections in children.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with ceftizoxime suppositories in pediatrics]. 386 87

Cefminox (CMNX, MT-141) was given intravenously to 20 children with the following acute bacterial infections; 10 cases of bronchopneumonia, 4 cases of urinary tract infection, 2 cases of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, each 1 case of acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis, purulent cervical lymphadenitis and acute tonsillitis, and pleuritis. Good clinical responses were obtained in 18 patients out of 20 patients and bacteriological effectiveness in 13 strains out of 14 strains. No side effect was observed except for 1 case with diarrhea and 1 case with slight elevation of GOT and GPT. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that CMNX is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with cefminox in the pediatric field]. 387 40

Fundamental and clinical trials were carried out with cefminox (CMNX, MT-141) in pediatric infections. Results were as follows. The mean serum concentrations of CMNX following intravenous injection of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg were 73.1, 112.5 and 181.4 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes after injection, respectively. The serum half-life times were 1.37, 1.20 and 1.53 hours, respectively. Average recovery rates in the urine until 6 hours from the start of injection were 91.4, 59.4 and 85.8%, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of CMNX against clinically isolated organisms was measured; CMNX was more active than CMZ and CEZ against H. influenzae. CMNX was equal to or more active than CMZ and CEZ against E. coli. CMNX was administered clinically to 32 pediatric patients with various infections; 19-pneumonia, 5-bronchopneumonia, 3-bronchitis and 5-pyelonephritis. Overall efficacy rate was 93.8%. Slight elevation of S-GOT and S-GPT was observed in 2 patients. No other serious side effect was observed.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cefminox in pediatric field]. 389 3

A healthy twenty-month-old boy ingested a maximal dose of valproate from which about 750 mg/kg were absorbed. Cerebral coma, which lasted for twenty hrs, was followed by an undisturbed period of approximately sixteen hrs. Death from cardiorespiratory failure due to severe bronchopneumonia occurred 46.5 hrs after the ingestion of the drug. The serum valproic acid concentration reached a peak of 1061 micrograms/ml within three hours, and fifteen minutes before death it had fallen to 187 micrograms/ml. The half-life of 16.6 hrs was within the range usually found. Metabolic acidosis, hypernatraemia and hyperosmolarity could be corrected, unlike the hypocalcaemia, which developed later. Bilirubin, GOT, GPT, gamma-GT, alkaline phosphatase, blood glucose, diastase, urea, creatinine, haemoglobin as well as PT and PTT and the platelet count were all normal. Leucopenia with 1,600 per microliter developed only during the bronchopneumonial stage. The histo-pathological findings were acute hypoxic damage of the myocardium, kidneys and certain neurones of vulnerable areas of the brain (neuronal microvesiculation and tigrolysis) in addition to a severe cerebral oedema in the final stage. A morphological substrate of an acute valproate encephalopathy was not demonstrable. The liver showed no necrosis or cholostasis. The vertebral marrow was inconspicuous. All the results indicate that liver function was not impaired in spite of the initial maximal concentration of valproic acid. In all probability the patient might have survived the acute valproate intoxication had it not been for the bronchopneumonia.
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PMID:Acute valproate intoxication with fatal outcome in an infant. 393 45

Aztreonam (AZT) was given intravenously to 20 children with the following acute bacterial infections: 13 cases of bronchopneumonia, 5 cases of urinary tract infection, 1 case of cervical lymphadenitis with acute tonsillitis and 1 case of acute enteritis. Clinical effectiveness was obtained in 17 cases of 20 cases and bacteriological effectiveness in 10 strains out of 11 strains. No side effect was observed except for 2 cases with eruption, 1 case with slight elevation of GPT, 1 case with slight elevation of GOT and 1 case with slight elevation of GOT and GPT. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that AZT is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with aztreonam in the pediatric field]. 409 64

Ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX), developed by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. in Switzerland, was used for the pediatric infections and the following results were obtained. The mean blood level of CTRX in 2 children after a 60-minute intravenous drip infusion with 20 mg/kg was 58.6 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 75.0 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 39.85 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 27.74 micrograms/ml at 4 hours, 20.71 micrograms/ml at 6 hours, 11.72 micrograms/ml at 12 hours and 3.91 micrograms/ml at 24 hours while the half-life time was 5.9 hours in one child and 7.6 hours in the other. CTRX was used in 22 children with acute infections consisting of 3 with acute pharyngeal tonsillitis, 4 with acute bronchitis, 8 with bronchopneumonia, 6 with infections of skin soft tissue and 1 with salmonellosis. The results were excellent in 5 cases and good in 17, indicating an efficacy rate of 100%. Out of 10 cases where the causative strains were detected, 4 cases were followed about the activities of the respective bacteria, i.e., H. influenzae, Streptococcus group A, S. aureus and Salmonella group B, all of which were eradicated after the end of administration. The daily dose of CTRX ranged from 30 to 50 mg/kg and generally a larger dose was used for serious infections. CTRX was administered twice daily in 20 out of 22 cases, by an intravenous injection in 4 and an intravenous drip infusion in 18, for 2 to 4 days in 16 and 5 to 8 1/2 days in 6. No clinical adverse reactions were observed while the laboratory test found a slight elevation of GOT in one and that of GOT and GPT in another. From the above results, CTRX was judged to be a highly useful drug for treatment of pediatric infections.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of ceftriaxone in the pediatric field]. 609 21

Cefotiam (CTM) were clinically applied to 6 cases and the following results were obtained: 1. The patients were aged 1 year in 5 cases and 7 years in 1 case. They comprised three cases of acute tonsillitis and 1 case each of phlegmon, bronchopneumonia and cervical abscess. CTM was administered in a daily dose of 50-115 mg/kg t.i.d. by an 1-hour intravenous drip infusion for 4 to 8 days. 2. The causative bacteria were S. aureus in 3 cases and H. parainfluenzae, K. pneumoniae and unknown pathogen in each 1 case. The organisms were eradicated in all cases except for only 1 case of S. aureus. 3. Overall responses were good in 4 cases and fair in 2 cases. 4. As for the abnormal laboratory findings, slight increase of GOT and GPT was observed in 1 case. Any other side effects were not observed.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with cefotiam (author's transl)]. 627 Apr 10


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