Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

20 year old man 2 years treated for the seropositive rheumatoid arthritis was admitted for fever accompanied with jaundice, anemia and leukopenia. The underlying disease has been compensated already for long period of time, before his admission only Prednisone (in the dose of 5 mg daily) and Methotrexate (15 mg once a week) was given. His physical examination of admission was without any significant abnormalities, out of the routine laboratory examination the value of leukocytes count was 2.1 x 10(9)/L, erythrocytes 3.7 x 10(12)/L, hemoglobin 95 g/l, hematocrit 0.29, platelets 156 x 10(9)/L. Since admission to hospital the hepatic enzymes ALT, AST, GMT, ALP were about ten times elevated comparing to normal values, the coagulation examination has shown the decrease of Quick test to 55%. With respect to the permanent leukopenia the bone marrow aspiration was taken with the finding of the increase number the RES elements (18.4%) with the signs of hemophagocytosis. The phagocytic reticulum absorbs blood elements erythrocytes, normoblasts, granulocytes, platelets. According to the literature experience we started the combination of the immunosuppressive treatment consisting of corticosteroids and Cyclosporine. Already the day following the application of the high dose of corticosteroids the fever subsided, icterus went away gradually with the normalization of the liver tests. After 20 days of hospitalisation the patient was discharged in good shape. Now, after 4 months the is stabilized on the follow-up treatment of Prednisone a Cyclosporine.
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PMID:[Secondary hemophagocytic syndrome in a systemic disease]. 1095 9

Artemisia abyssinica leaves, a traditional medicine for the treatment of various disorders, were fed to male Wistar rats at 2% and 10% of the standard diet for 6 weeks. A 2% A. abyssinica leaf diet was not toxic to rats. Depression in growth, hepatopathy and nephropathy were observed in rats fed a diet containing 10% of A. abyssinica leaves. These findings were accompanied by leukopenia, anaemia and alterations of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities with changes in concentrations of total protein, albumin, cholesterol and urea.
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PMID:Effects of various levels of dietary Artemisia abyssinica leaves on rats. 1103 26

Based on the results of our previous pilot study, we conducted a multi-institutional phase II study of combination chemotherapy consisting of oral UFT (Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Tokyo) plus cisplatin (CDDP) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). UFT capsule containing 100 mg tegafur and 224 mg uracil was orally administered in two divided doses on days 1 through 21 making the total tegafur dose 400 mg/m(2)/day (maximum 600 mg/body). CDDP was administered by drip infusion at a dose of 20 mg/m(2) on a 5-day schedule from day 8 to 12. Treatment was repeated every 4 weeks as long as the criteria for initiation of therapy were still met. Between April 1995 and March 1997, 51 patients were entered into the study. The mean age of all 50 eligible patients was 64 years(range: 40-78). There were 21 patients with clinical stage IIIB disease and 29 patients with IV disease. Thirty-two patients had adenocarcinoma, 14 had epidermoid carcinoma, and four had large cell carcinoma. Of the 47 assessable patients, 18 achieved a partial response with an overall response rate of 38.3% (95% confidence interval: 24.4-52.2%). The median response duration was 113 days. The median survival time of the eligible patients was 12.8 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 54%. Among the 51 patients enrolled, grade 3 or 4 leukopenia developed in one patient (2%), neutropenia in six patients (11. 8%), thrombocytopenia in six patients (11. 8%), and anemia in three patients (5. 9%). Non-hematological grade 3 or 4 toxicities included anorexia in 10 patients (19.6%), nausea in ten (19.6%), vomiting in two (3.9%), and diarrhea in two (3. 9%). Grade 3 abnormal laboratory data included bilirubinemia in four (7. 8%), GPT elevation in one (2.0%), and hematuria in one (2.0%). In conclusion, combination of CDDP plus oral UFT is efficacious, with low toxicity, in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. In particular, the low hematological toxicity may warrant application of this regimen to the treatment of elderly patients and in trials of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced NSCLC.
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PMID:A phase II trial of oral UFT plus cisplatin (CDDP) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). 1116 9

We report the case of a 40-year-old-man who developed febrile cytolysis as the presenting sign of hemorragic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). On admission, he had fever (40 degrees C) and epigastric pain. The AST level was at 2N, the ALT at 3N. There was a thrombocytopenia (61 000/mm(3)) without anemia or hyperleukocytosis. Three days after admission, the platelet count decreased to 40 000/mm(3), serum urea and creatinine increased from normal rate to 10.8mmol/l, 204.0 micromol/l, respectively. The HIV, HBV, HCV, leptospirosis antibodies were negative. The Hantavirus serology was positive (Ig G: 1/512). This case suggests that HFRS should be entertained as a possible cause of cytolysis with thrombocytopenia in patients with fever and no initial sign of renal involvement in North-Eastern France.
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PMID:[Febrile cytolysis disclosing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. 1117 12

The course of Trypanosoma congolense infections in African grey duiker (Sylvicapra grimmia) and sheep and goats were studied. Several parameters suggested that the grey duiker was much more resistant to trypanosomosis than sheep and goats. They showed increases in weight during infection, had a much longer pre-patent period, and their peak parasitaemia levels were about 100-fold lower than those of sheep and goats. Parasites were no longer detected in grey duiker blood 35 days after infection. Anaemia, measured as drops in packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and erythrocyte (RBC) counts were not observed in the grey duiker. In contrast, sheep and goats suffered severe weight losses and had continuously high parasitaemia levels. Sheep and goats developed progressively severe normocytic normochromic anaemia and leucopenia from day 14 post-infection onwards. Serum levels of total protein, globulin and albumin of grey duiker did not change significantly throughout the course of infection, while the levels of total serum protein, globulin and gamma-globulin exhibited significant increases from day 21 post-infection onwards in sheep and goats, with peak values recorded on 28 and 35 days post-infection in sheep and goats, respectively. There were inconsistent variations in albumin levels in sheep and goats throughout the course of infection. There were no significant changes in erythrocyte activities of AST and ALT, while there were transient but significant elevations of ALP level on day 35, and GGT levels between 14 and 35 days post-infection in grey duiker. Conversely, the levels of all the enzymes were progressively depressed, especially from 14 to 49 days post-infection. In vitro erythrocyte peroxidation remained relatively unchanged throughout the period of the experiment in the grey duiker, except for slight but significant increase on day 42 post-infection. However, in vitro erythrocyte peroxidation increased significantly by between 100 and 300% of pre-infection levels from 14th to 42nd day p.i. both in sheep and goats, before returning to pre-infection levels after 14 days of treatment. Haematological values, serum and erythrocyte indices studied returned to near pre-infection levels 14 days after treatment with Berenil((R)). It is concluded that the grey duiker is inherently trypanotolerant. This is shown by its ability to control parasitaemia, suffer less severe anaemia, and to a relative degree resist pathobiochemical derangements of some serum and erythrocyte metabolites and enzymes, as well as reduction of infection-induced erythrocyte lipid peroxidase damage than sheep and goats.
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PMID:Pathobiochemical mechanisms involved in the control of the disease caused by Trypanosoma congolense in African grey duiker (Sylvicapra grimmia). 1118 35

A debilitated 9-yr-old female red panda (Ailurus fulgens fulgens) with a recent history of corticosteroid administration displayed anorexia, depression, and diarrhea for 2 days. Blood work revealed a moderate nonregenerative anemia, leukocytosis, hypokalemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and mildly elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Serology was negative for occult heartworm, Toxoplasma gondii, feline leukemia virus, feline infectious peritonitis, feline immunodeficiency virus, and canine distemper virus. Electron microscopy of the feces demonstrated corona-like virus particles. The panda died 3 days after initial presentation. Histologic findings included multifocal, acute, hepatic necrosis and diffuse, necrotizing colitis. Liver and colon lesions contained intracellular, curved, spore-forming, gram-negative, silver-positive rods morphologically consistent with Clostridium piliforme. This panda most likely contracted Tyzzer's disease subsequent to having a compromised immune system after corticosteroid administration and concurrent disease.
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PMID:Tyzzer's disease in a red panda (Ailurus fulgens fulgens). 1142 5

From August 1999 to June 2000, a cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in health check up clients to compare body mass index (BMI) and health risks data derived by measuring height, weight, and blood pressure, recording physical and laboratory outcome, and interviewing health characteristics. Data were analyzed for the relationships between BMI and lipids, and fasting blood sugar, and serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, and hemoglobin, and hypertension and other health risks and test for association by Chi-square test. The results showed that 1350 health checkup clients were 25.8 per cent overweight and 7.3 per cent were obese. There was a gradient relationship of abnormal cholesterol levels (>300 mg%) and levels of BMI. The abnormal triglyceride levels (>300 mg%) were higher in obesity than normal BMI (9.1% vs 1.6%). Hyperglycemia in obesity was higher than that of normal BMI (30.3% vs 11.6%). The percentage of two-fold abnormal SGPT levels (>76 units/L) in obesity (9.1%) was higher than that of normal BMI (2.8%). The percentage of anemia in underweight (28.3%) was higher than that of normal BMI (24.3%). Normal blood pressure in normal BMI (94.2%) was higher than that of obesity (69.7%).
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PMID:BMI and health risks of health checkup clients at the Preventive Medicine Clinic, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. 1152 44

Human fascioliasis is increasing in the Nile Delta particularly in Dakahlia Governorate, where it reached 7.47%. In this study, the tetrad of fascioliasis was established as high eosinophilia (100%), fever (85.6%), painful hepatomegaly (81.93%) and anaemia (100%). The laboratory results showed ESR accelerated in 87%, ALT elevated in 21.5%, AST elevated in 21.9%, S. bilirubin elevated in 16.5%, gamma GT elevated in 80.6%, and SAP elevated in 76.4%. Abdominal ultrasonography showed variable findings, as hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, periportal fibrosis, thickened wall of gall bladder, dilated common bile duct, dilated biliary radicals (partial), dilated common bile duct and biliary radicals (total), Fasciola worms in gall bladder, Fasciola worms in common bile duct, stones in gall bladder, stones in bile duct, cystic lesions in the liver, local lesions in the liver and ascitis. The highest was hepatomegaly in 81.93% of fascioliasis patients and the lowest was biliary dilated radicles (partial) in 0.26%.
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PMID:Clinico-epidemiological study of human fascioliasis in an endemic focus in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. 1177 99

The course of an experimental Trypanosoma evansi infection in coatis (Nasua nasua, carnivora, Procyonidae) was followed for 262 days. Hematological analysis of the infected coatis revealed a marked decline in hemoglobin, packed-cell volume, and total erythrocyte count. An intense anemia followed the first wave of parasitemia and persisted until the end of the experimental period. Biochemical analysis showed increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and decreased albumin. The main histopathological features consisted of myocarditis with the presence of degenerate cardiac fibers and meningoencephalitis. This study has shown that coatis infected with T. evansi develop a chronic disease.
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PMID:Experimental Trypanosoma evansi infection in South American coati (Nasua nasua): hematological, biochemical and histopathological changes. 1183 97

Serum concentrations of antiinflammatory cytokines and growth factors were measured in 30 patients with chronic viral hepatitis (HCV), mainly HCV RNA, and 10 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), classes B and C according to Child-Pew. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), granulocytic-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and growth-transforming factor-1 beta (TGF1 beta) were increased in 63.86 and 80% patients with HCV and LC, respectively, and differed significantly (p < 0.05) from the control. The level of TNF alpha positively correlated with the concentration of alanine aminotransferase (r = 0.14). A positive correlation between TGF1 beta and histologic activity index was detected (r = 0.16). Increased levels (p < 0.05) of IL-5, TNF alpha, and TGF1 beta were detected in LC patients in comparison with the control. Patients with LC concomitant with anemia had higher (though not significantly) concentrations of TNF alpha in comparison with patients without anemia. Increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors in the sera of patients with HCV and LC indicate activation of immunocompetent cells, including mononuclear phagocytes. These data are in line with experimental findings, indicating an important role of the studied cytokines in the development of hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and cytopenic syndromes.
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PMID:[Cytokine regulation of liver inflammation and fibrosis during chronic hepatic diseases]. 1184 Aug 29


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