Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In well defined liver diseases in 69 alcoholics and in 71 patients without history of alcoholism the enzymatic findings were compared. Also a group of 43 alcoholics with praedelirium or delirium tremens were examined. In steatosis due to alcohol, the average of GGTP (145 U/l) attains values two times higher than in comparable cases of non-alcoholic origin (73 U/l). In cirrhotics with alcoholism, the average GGTP levels (477 U/l) exceed those obtained in patients with cirrhosis of other origin (110 U/l), four times more. Similar or higher GGTP values were found only in primary biliary cirrhosis. After a period of at least 3 months of abstinence, GGTP values had decreased (to 68 U/l) in the average). The highest values of GGTP were found in acute alcoholic hepatitis and in chronic alcoholics with praedelirium or delirium tremens. GGTP accords diagnostic hints in comparison with other enzymes, as shown by a quotient of GGTP-GPT. GGTP is very helpful for differentiation and long time observation of alcoholic liver disease, especially with regards controlling abstinence of alcohol.
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PMID:[Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase in alcoholic liver diseases]. 1 29

Up to now, clinical predictors for the course of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome, especially for the occurrence of a delirium, are lacking. Thus, this study was undertaken to examine whether clinical routine investigations at admission before the withdrawal syndrome can reveal factors indicating a higher risk for the development of a delirium. Our results showed that decreased serum electrolyte concentrations (i.e., chloride and potassium), elevated ALT, and gamma-glutamyltransferase serum levels, as well as ataxia and polyneuropathy at the neurological examination, indicate a higher risk for the development of an alcohol withdrawal delirium.
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PMID:Clinical predictors of alcohol withdrawal delirium. 784 90

A retrospective study compared the course of alcohol withdrawal, including delirium tremens, in women and men hospitalized in the Nowowiejski Hospital in Warsaw from 1973 to 1987. Medical records pertaining to 1179 patients were analyzed; 13.8% of these patients were women and 86.2% were men. The study showed that women began intensive alcohol drinking later than men (p < 0.0001), but the period between the onset of alcohol abuse and the first occurrence of alcohol withdrawal was shorter in women than in men (p < 0.0001). In the period of heavy drinking before hospitalization, women consumed significantly less alcohol then men (p < 0.0001); moreover, women drank nonbeverage alcohol less frequently than men (p < 0.05). Women were hospitalized substantially longer than men (p < 0.0001), whereas the duration of alcohol withdrawal symptoms at the time of hospitalization was comparable in both groups. Withdrawal seizures were significantly more frequent among men than among women (p < 0.001). Significant differences in the patients' somatic conditions were not noted between the groups, with the exception of anemia and decreased potassium concentration, which were more frequently observed in women (both p < 0.0001), and of increased concentration of ALT and hypoproteinemia, which were more frequent in men (respectively, p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). Co-existing personality disorders, depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders--as well as abuse of benzodiazepines and barbiturates--were more frequently observed in women (p < 0.0001). The period between the first hospitalization due to alcohol withdrawal and the time of death was significantly shorter in men than in women (p < 0.05). The results point to differences in the conditions and the course of alcohol dependence and alcohol withdrawal between women and men.
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PMID:Differences in the course of alcohol withdrawal in women and men: a Polish sample. 939 3

Delirium may present with hyperactive, hypoactive or mixed clinical pictures. The signs of hypoactive delirium are lethargy, confusion, apathy, hypersomnia, muttering, difficulty in maintaining attention, and difficulty in understanding and performing commands. Valproate is commonly used for the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorders. It is also used for the management of alcohol withdrawal delirium and agitative-aggressive deliriums. However, few reports are available about the valproate-induced delirium. In this report, we present a 46 years-old woman with bipolar disorder for 14 years. During her last two hospital admissions, she had been diagnosed with manic episode with psychotic features and she had received valproate. She experienced three hypoactive delirium episodes lasting 2-3 days throughout the treatment period of first week. The patient predominantly had the following signs; vomiting, hypersalivation, confusion, drowsiness, dysphasia, and hypoactivity. At the first day of delirium episode, serum valproate level was found to be within the therapeutic range (98.4, 117.1, and 65.6 mug/ml; respectively). In addition, she had normal results of cranial MRI, complete blood count, urine analysis, electrocardiogram, ALT, AST, albumin, bilirubin, BUN, creatinine and electrolytes. The serum ammonia level of the patient could not been measured due to limitations of laboratory facilities. The patient's consciousness improved dramatically 2-3 days after cessation of valproate. In conclusion, valproate can induce delirium at therapeutic blood levels in some patients via various mechanisms and this side effect has to be considered during valproate use.
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PMID:[Valproate induced hypoactive delirium in a bipolar disorder patient with psychotic features]. 2020 7

The aim of the study was to increase the efficiency of the treatment of acute ethanol intoxication in patients with alcoholic fatty liver disease. The article presents the results which received during the investigation and treatment of 166 patients with acute ethanol in- toxication on the background of alcoholic fatty liver disease Patients were assessed by the severity scale APACHE-Il. Were studied the dynamics of clinical, laboratory, biochemical parameters, the state of the antioxidant system activity and lipid peroxidation. The study found the effect of the combination hepatoprotective drug remaxol on the many links of metabolism, which was confirmed by the dynamics of biochemical parameters. There was a quick correction of hyperlactatemia, an effective reduction of ALT activity, the absence of reduction of albumin and urea concentration in the somatic period of ethanol poisoning. Period of using remaxol there was improvement in the clinical course of the disease, which manifested by the reduce the incidence of delirium tremens and shorten the duration of treatment of patients.
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PMID:[[Features of Pharmacological Correction of Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Acute Ethanol Intoxication].] 2861 44