Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.2 (alanine aminotransferase)
 26,722 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical evaluation of ceftizoxime suppository (CZX-S), a new antibiotic rectal suppository, was performed in 5 cases with bacterial infections in pediatric field (2 with acute bronchitis, 1 with acute tonsillitis, UTI and pertussis, respectively) and the following results were obtained; Blood levels of CZX at 10-20 minutes after administration of CZX-S at a dose of 10.0-26.3 mg/kg in 5 cases were 3.26-23.3 micrograms/ml and the urinary excretion rates within 6 hours were 15.2, 60.1, 60.2% in 3 of 5 cases measured respectively. Clinical effects were excellent in 3 and good in 2 cases. Slight elevation of GOT and GPT was observed in 1 case. No other side effects were observed. The patients' tolerability against rectal suppository was good. From the above results, we concluded that CZX-S is useful for treating the pediatric patients with various infections.
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PMID:[The clinical evaluation of ceftizoxime suppositories in the pediatric field]. 386 83

Cefminox (CMNX, MT-141) was given intravenously to 20 children with the following acute bacterial infections; 10 cases of bronchopneumonia, 4 cases of urinary tract infection, 2 cases of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, each 1 case of acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis, purulent cervical lymphadenitis and acute tonsillitis, and pleuritis. Good clinical responses were obtained in 18 patients out of 20 patients and bacteriological effectiveness in 13 strains out of 14 strains. No side effect was observed except for 1 case with diarrhea and 1 case with slight elevation of GOT and GPT. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that CMNX is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with cefminox in the pediatric field]. 387 40

Fundamental and clinical studies on BRL 25000 granules, containing 2 parts amoxicillin (AMPC) and 1 part clavulanic acid (CVA) (a beta-lactamase inhibitor) were carried out in the pediatric field. Serum concentrations and urinary excretion rates were determined after oral administration of BRL 25000 granules at a dose of 20 mg/kg to 2 children. The mean peak serum concentrations of AMPC and CVA were 4.89 and 2.85 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after administration, with serum half-lives (T 1/2) of 1.15 and 0.89 hours respectively. Mean cumulative urinary excretion rates of AMPC and CVA in the 6 hours after administration were 24.91% and 10.19%, respectively. BRL 25000 granules were also administered at daily doses of 25.1-60.4 mg/kg in 3 divided doses, to 20 pediatric patients with bacterial infections (4 acute tonsillitis, 2 acute pharyngitis, 3 suspected scarlet fever, 3 acute bronchitis, 8 urinary tract infection). The efficacy rate was 100% clinically and 70% bacteriologically. No adverse reactions were observed, however, abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 4 cases (slight elevation of GOT in 2, GPT in 1, eosinophilia in 1).
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PMID:[Experimental and clinical studies on BRL 25000 (clavulanic acid-amoxicillin) granules in the pediatric field]. 400 51

A multicenter cooperative clinical trial was carried out on S6472 (a long-acting preparation of cefaclor (CCL)) to evaluate its effectiveness and safety in the treatment of infectious diseases in the field of otorhinolaryngology. The results are as follows: The clinical efficacy of the drug could be evaluated in 114 patients. An efficacy rate of 65.8% was obtained. The efficacy rate for each disease was found to be 60.0% for acute suppurative otitis media, 12.5% for chronic suppurative otitis media and 44.4% for acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media. The overall efficacy rate for all cases of suppurative otitis media was 46.4%. The efficacy rate for acute tonsillitis was found to be 93.1%. In the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis, the efficacy of the drug was rated as excellent or good in all cases. The overall efficacy rate for all cases of tonsillitis was found to be 93.9%. In the treatment of other infectious diseases, the efficacy was rated as excellent or good in all cases. When the cases by resistant organisms to CCL were excluded from the evaluation, the overall efficacy rate of the drug was found to be 74.2%. The bacteria could be identified in 106 cases. Regarding the bacteriological efficacy of single infections, its bacterial elimination rate was found to be 81.1% for Gram-positive bacteria including S. aureus, S. epidermidis, etc., while it was 42.9% for Gram-negative bacteria. The overall elimination rate of bacteria in single infections was 73.1%. The bacterial elimination rate for mixed infections was found to be 85.7%, whereas it was 76.8% when the single and mixed infections were combined. Regarding side effects, 1 case each of diarrhea, soft stool and rash, or 3 cases in total (2.4%), were recorded in a total of 123 patients. However, the severity of each side effect was mild. Regarding abnormal laboratory findings, there were 1 case each of an increase in S-GPT, leukopenia and complication of eosinophilia and thrombocytopenia, or 3 cases in total (7.0%). Each of these adverse reactions was, however, transient in nature, and no serious cases were observed. On the basis of the above results, it was concluded that S6472 can provide sufficient clinical efficacy when it is administered at daily dosage of 750 mg or 1,500 mg in 2 divided doses after the breakfast and dinner.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of S6472 in otorhinolaryngologic infections]. 406 19

Aztreonam (AZT) was given intravenously to 20 children with the following acute bacterial infections: 13 cases of bronchopneumonia, 5 cases of urinary tract infection, 1 case of cervical lymphadenitis with acute tonsillitis and 1 case of acute enteritis. Clinical effectiveness was obtained in 17 cases of 20 cases and bacteriological effectiveness in 10 strains out of 11 strains. No side effect was observed except for 2 cases with eruption, 1 case with slight elevation of GPT, 1 case with slight elevation of GOT and 1 case with slight elevation of GOT and GPT. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that AZT is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with aztreonam in the pediatric field]. 409 64

Cefotiam (CTM) were clinically applied to 6 cases and the following results were obtained: 1. The patients were aged 1 year in 5 cases and 7 years in 1 case. They comprised three cases of acute tonsillitis and 1 case each of phlegmon, bronchopneumonia and cervical abscess. CTM was administered in a daily dose of 50-115 mg/kg t.i.d. by an 1-hour intravenous drip infusion for 4 to 8 days. 2. The causative bacteria were S. aureus in 3 cases and H. parainfluenzae, K. pneumoniae and unknown pathogen in each 1 case. The organisms were eradicated in all cases except for only 1 case of S. aureus. 3. Overall responses were good in 4 cases and fair in 2 cases. 4. As for the abnormal laboratory findings, slight increase of GOT and GPT was observed in 1 case. Any other side effects were not observed.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with cefotiam (author's transl)]. 627 Apr 10

Clinical studies of cefotiam (CTM), a new cephalosporin derivative, in otorhinolaryngological field were performed, and the results were summarized as follows. CTM was intravenously injected to 31 cases of otorhinolaryngological infections in daily dose of 1--4 g. Clinical efficacy was 33.3% in acute otitis media and chronic otitis media (acute exacerbation) (6 cases), 90% in acute tonsillitis (including peritonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess) (20 cases), 50% in acute pharyngitis (2 cases), 100% in acute sinusitis (2 cases) and 100% in epiglottis abscess (1 case), respectively. Bacteriological efficacy was 80% for beta-Streptococcus, 100% for K. pneumoniae, 50% for P. aeruginosa, and 85.7% for Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus, respectively. No difference was observed in various daily doses for clinical efficacy. As for side effects and laboratory findings, eruption in 1 case, elevation of GOT in 1 case and elevation of GOT, GPT in 2 cases were observed. But, all of the cases were normalized after stoppage of administration or postadministration.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with cefotiam in otorhinolaryngologic infections]. 632 42

Ceftazidime (CAZ), developed by Glaxo U.K., was used in pediatric patients with acute infections, and the following results were obtained. The mean blood concentrations of CAZ in 2 children were 142, 70.3, 46.9, 35.7, 16.2, 5.82 and 2.36 micrograms/ml at 5, 15, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours, respectively, after start of 5 minutes' intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg, with the half-life of 1.25 hours. CAZ was administered to 19 pediatric patients with acute infections. Out of them, 15 patients, i.e., 3 with acute tonsillitis, 1 with acute bronchitis, 5 with bronchopneumonia, 2 with pertussis accompanying pneumonia, 2 with Salmonella enteritis, 1 with impetigo staphylogenes and 1 with subdural abscess, were adopted for the evaluation, and the other 4 were excluded from the evaluation because of inadequate indications. The efficacy rate in these 15 cases was 93.3%. The doses used in 14 out of the evaluated 15 cases ranged from 31 to 50 mg/kg/day, the frequency of dosing was twice daily in 8 cases and 3 times daily in 7 cases. One shot intravenous injection was used in 6 cases, intravenous drip infusion in 8, and combination of these, in 1 case. The duration of treatment was 2 days in 3 cases, 3 days in 3, 4 days in 4, and 5 days in 3 cases. Patients with severe infections were generally given large doses for long-term. No clinical adverse event was observed in any case. In laboratory examinations, slight elevation of S-GPT alone was observed in 1 case. From the above results, CAZ was considered to be a highly useful drug in the field of pediatrics.
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PMID:[Clinical study on ceftazidime in the field of pediatrics]. 637 51

Clinical trials were carried out with cefotetan (CTT) in pediatric infections. Results were as follows; The mean serum concentrations of CTT following intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg were 204, 97, 56, 15, 10 micrograms/ml at 15, 60, 120, 360, 480 minutes after injection. The serum half-life was 2.18 hours. 68.3% was excreted in urine within 8 hours after injection. In vitro, the antimicrobial activity of CTT was more active than CEZ and CMZ against E. coli, H. influenzae and K. pneumoniae. CTT was administered clinically to 22 pediatric patients with various infections; 9 pneumonias, 4 bronchopneumonias, 1 acute tonsillitis and 8 urinary tract infections. Overall efficacy rate was 95%. The favorable clinical response could be gained by the doses of 30 mg/kg with being given every 12 hours. Slight elevation of S-GOT and S-GPT with mild diarrhea was observed in 2 patients and eosinophilia in 1 patient. No other serious side effect was observed.
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PMID:[Evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics]. 658 34

Clinical effects were investigated on cefadroxil powder for syrup (containing 100 mg of cefadroxil per 1 g) for acute bacterial infections (mostly scarlet fever) in the field of pediatrics, and the results were obtained as follows. Cefadroxil was applied in 100 cases of scarlet fever. Among 49 cases administered 30-39 mg/kg/day, the results were excellent in 34 cases and good in 15 cases, efficacy ratio being thus 100%. Among 38 cases administered 40-49 mg/kg/day, the results were excellent in 33 cases, and good in 5 cases, efficacy ratio being thus 100%. Out of 4 cases administered 20-29 mg/kg/day, the results were excellent in 3 cases and good in 1 case, while out of 9 cases administered 50-59 mg/kg/day, excellent in 4 cases and good in 5 cases. Among 78 cases of scarlet fever from which beta-hemolytic Streptococcus was proven from swab liquid of palatal tonsil, 67 cases received cefadroxil at a daily dose of 30-49 mg/kg, and the bacteria turned to negative the next day of administration in 72 cases, 2 days later in 6 cases. Cefadroxil was administered at a daily dose of 46 mg/kg for 7 days in 1 case of SSS syndrome of which Staphylococcus aureus was proven from skin lesion, and local bacteria turned to negative, as well as clinical effect was excellent. No pathogen was proven in 1 case of acute tonsillitis, maybe because ampicillin (ABPC) and cefazolin (CEZ) were administered before cefadroxil treatment, and yet a clinical efficacy was judged by administering cefadroxil at a daily dose of 46 mg/kg, though no clinical improvement was observed with the prior antibiotics. As to the side effects of cefadroxil in 102 cases, a slight vomiting was noticed in 6 cases, though the administration could be continued, and a slight rise of GOT or GPT was observed respectively in 3 cases and 1 case, all of which were recovered without abnormal clinical findings. Among the patients of scarlet fever, after beta-hemolytic Streptococcus became negative, reelimination or recurrence was noticed in 2 cases, but these patients were cured completely by readministration of cefadroxil or administration of amoxicillin (AMPC). Cefadroxil powder for syrup was absorbed quite well, its serum levels were maintained for long, and it was easily administered in children. Considering from its superior antibacterial activity, cefadroxil may be expected to be useful for a remedy in slight or middle infections of children.
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PMID:[Therapeutic experience with cefadroxil syrup in acute infections, especially scarlet fever, in pediatric field (author's transl)]. 725 96


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