Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The causes of individuality of the plasma enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT; EC 2.6.1.2), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; EC 2.6.1.1) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT; EC 2.3.2.2) were investigated in a study of 206 pairs of twins. Between-person variance was greater in men than women, while within-person variation was similar in both sexes. Plasma ALT and AST levels were affected by genetic factors, while GGT was affected by some environmental factor shared by co-twins. In the men, alcohol intake had a significant but small effect on all three enzyme levels, and since alcohol consumption was highly heritable, this appeared as a genetic influence on enzyme activities. The major factors involved in the observed correlations between these enzymes were a non-shared environmental factor other than alcohol affecting ALT, AST and GGT, and a genetic factor affecting only ALT and AST.
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PMID:Individual differences in plasma ALT, AST and GGT: contributions of genetic and environmental factors, including alcohol consumption. 286 Oct 87

Fasciola gigantica infection in sheep produced liver and lung lesions characterized by damage to blood vessels and parenchymal necrosis. In the lungs, the lesions were those of parasitic bronchopneumonia. The damage to the liver and lung tissues was accompanied by increased activity in serum of AST after 2 weeks, GD and SD after 4 to 5 weeks and GGT and 5'-NT from 8 weeks onwards. Bilirubin concentration was not affected.
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PMID:Serum enzyme activity and bilirubin concentration in sheep experimentally infected with Fasciola gigantica. 286 3

The veterinary range of application of the laboratory unit "Reflotron" (Boehringer Mannheim) was tested. This laboratory unit is able to measure the parameters glucose, urea, hemoglobin, GGT, cholesterol, triglyceride and in forthcoming future uric acid, AST, ALT and creatinine out of whole blood. It is easy to operate this apparatus. The "Reflotron" gives reliable results.
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PMID:[Clinical testing of a dry chemistry working laboratory apparatus, the "Reflotron"]. 288 54

The activities of the enzymes SD, GD, AAT, 5'NT, GGT, LDH and CPK were determined weekly in sera of two calves each infected with 10,000 S. bovis cercariae and in two controls. In infected animals, LDH activity increased from the first week of exposure and remained high throughout the experiment (22 weeks). GGT activity increased nine weeks after exposure and remained high. CPK activity was elevated during weeks 8-15 of infection. No change was detected in the activity of the other enzymes, nor in any enzymes of the controls.
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PMID:Serum enzyme changes in calves experimentally infected with Schistosoma bovis. 288 18

Eight otherwise healthy insulin-dependent diabetic patients were subjected to controlled, symptomatic hypoglycaemia for 20 min (median glucose concentration 1.7 mmol/l, range 1.0-2.6 mmol/l). Concentrations of plasma adrenaline and plasma vasopressin were significantly increased, indicating normal counter-regulatory responses for these hormones. Plasma activities of the hepatic enzymes AST, ALT, LDH, GGT, and CK did not increase during or following the period of hypoglycaemia. Thus, abnormal plasma enzyme activities noted after clinical hypoglycaemia should be fully investigated, and not disregarded as due to the hypoglycaemic episode.
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PMID:A rise in the plasma activities of hepatic enzymes is not a common consequence of hypoglycaemia. 289 67

Excessive alcohol intake causes bone loss. Alcohol abuse is a commonly associated disorder in femoral neck fractures in men, but little attention is given to such an association in women. Using serum biochemical and haematological markers (mean red cell volume MCV, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase GGT, aspartate transaminase AST, uric acid UA and triglyceride TG) alcohol abuse was assessed in 14 men and 93 women with non-violent fractures of the hip. Abnormal elevations in one or more of the five test pairs known to correlate with increasing alcohol consumption (GGT/MCV, GGT/AST, AST/MCV, MCV/UA) were found in 7.1% of men, and 11.8% of women. When abnormal results in other test pairs were included the prevalence rose to 14.3% in men and 20.4% in women. These figures are higher than those reported for the general population of elderly people.
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PMID:Serum biochemical and haematological markers of alcohol abuse in patients with femoral neck and intertrochanteric fractures. 289 45

The activities of enzymes of diagnostic interest were investigated in the liver, heart, kidney and muscle of the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and the rat. Methods of tissue extraction which gave maximal enzyme activity were used and comparison between the species showed some major differences. AST, LDH and GDH showed a similar distribution in both species but ICDH activity was much higher in the rat heart than in any other rat or marmoset organ. ALP, LAP and GGT were present in much higher activities in the rat kidney than in the marmoset kidney, a finding which was reversed in the liver of these animals. The major ALT-containing organ in the rat was the liver but, in the marmoset, this enzyme was found in relatively large quantities in the heart and muscle also. These differences can be of importance when plasma enzyme activities are measured following tissue damage.
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PMID:Tissue activities of enzymes of diagnostic interest in the marmoset and rat. 290 66

In 154 blood samples from adult and pediatric liver transplant recipients with variable degrees of hepatic and renal dysfunction, the specific monoclonal antibody-based Sandimmune RIA kit gave CsA results that were highly correlated with HPLC values. In contrast, assay of CsA levels with the PARIA in 213 samples showed values that varied between 1.8 and 18.8 times those determined by HPLC. In adults, the extent of this variation in the CsA HPLC/PARIA ratio was highly correlated with values of BIL and to a lesser extent with serum ALP; additionally, in children, correlations with AST and GGT were noted.
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PMID:Blood cyclosporine concentrations in liver transplant recipients: assay method and influence of changed hepatic and renal function. 329 Dec 74

The authors evaluated the Cobas FARA centrifugal analyzer with respect to pipetting precision and accuracy, instrument temperature, spectrophotometric response, and analytic performance for the assay of five serum enzymes and glucose. Spectrophotometric response, temperature response, pipetting precision, and accuracy were satisfactory. However, sufficient time must be allowed for cuvet contents to reach a stable temperature before measurements are made. Total day-to-day imprecision (within plus between run) was less than 5% (coefficient of variation) for aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST; Enzyme Commission classification number [EC] EC 2.6.1.1; and ALT; EC 2.6.1.2); alkaline phosphatase (AP; EC 3.1.3.1); gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT; EC 2.3.1.2); lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.17); creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.1); and glucose assays. Results compare well with those obtained with other current clinical chemistry analyzers; correlation coefficients were greater than 0.993. Sample-to-sample carryover was negligible, and method linearity was satisfactory for all tests.
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PMID:A clinical evaluation of the Cobas Fara clinical chemistry analyzer for some routine serum enzymes and glucose. 367 42

In the 4 years January 1981 to December 1984, 186 children received 1362 halothane anaesthetics. Twenty-five patients were anaesthetized with halothane at least 10 times in a year. No patient developed postoperative jaundice. Sixty-nine children were exposed to two halothane anaesthetics within 28 days on 149 occasions and serial estimations of serum liver enzyme concentrations were obtained. Minor increases in the concentrations of serum AST and ALT were recorded in 10.6% and 4.7% of patient entries, respectively. Postoperative GGT and SAP concentrations were increased in 2.7% of patient entries. Patients in whom enzyme values were increased before the first anaesthetic were no more likely than other subjects to develop further changes.
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PMID:Prospective study of liver function in children following multiple halothane anaesthetics at short intervals. 377 91


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