Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and eighty seven patients (155 males, 32 females) with histologically proven and previously untreated head and neck cancer were entered in the study. A total of 222 cycles of therapy were analyzed (cisplatin 100 mg m-2 on day 1 and 5-day continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU 550-1069 mg m-2 day-1, mean 875.5 mg m-2 day-1). Significant interpatient variability for various 5-FU pharmacokinetic parameters was observed including an almost ten-fold range in 5-FU clearance (5-FU Cl, ml min-1 m-2 = 791-7769, mean 2820.7). Log 5-FU Cl was not modified by 5-FU dose (r = -0.1034, P = 0.124, n = 222). Poor linear correlations between log 5-FU Cl and hepatic function tests were observed (respective r and P values for 222 cycles, log AST:0.0526, 0.4365; Log ALT: -0.1167, 0.0842; Log A1K. Phos.:0.154, 0.0214; Log GGT: 0.0652, 0.3436; Log LDH: -0.0984, 0.1563; Log bilirubin: 0.1278, 0.0601). The log 5-FU Cl was also poorly correlated with the serum concentration of various nutritional proteins (respective r and P values for 222 cycles, Albumin: 0.0110, 0.8714; prealbumin: -0.1067, 0.1129; transferrin: 0.0439, 0.5226). Laboratory data including indices of hepatic function and nutritional status cannot account for the interpatient variability in 5-FU disposition.
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PMID:No effect of dose, hepatic function, or nutritional status on 5-FU clearance following continuous (5-day), 5-FU infusion. 849 17

The effect of parenteral amino acid administration on nutritional state, liver function and mortality was assessed in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Twenty-eight patients received 2 l/day of a solution of dextrose (65 gm/L) and amino acids (25.8 gm/L) for 1 mo, whereas 26 received only the dextrose solution. All patients were allowed to eat a standard hospital diet. During the month in the hospital, there were six deaths in the treatment group and five deaths in the control group. Nitrogen balance improved in the treated group, but not in the control group. Creatinine-height index, triceps skin fold measurement and levels of serum albumin and prealbumin increased similarly in both groups. Serum retinol binding protein increased more in the treatment group than it did in the control group, and transferrin was increased only in the treatment group. Serum bilirubin, type III amino-terminal procollagen peptide and aminopyrine clearance improved more in the treatment group than in the control group, whereas serum AST and prothrombin time improved in the treatment group but not in the control group. Cumulative 2-yr survival rates from the day of entry into the study were 42% and 38% in the treatment and control groups, respectively. Patients who survived 2 yr and patients in the treatment group who died during the 2-yr follow-up had continued improvement in serum retinol binding protein, transferrin, bilirubin and prothrombin time. These parameters were unchanged in patients in the control group who died during follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of parenteral amino acid supplementation on short-term and long-term outcomes in severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomized controlled trial. 195 59

One hundred and five infants of birth weight 2000 g or less who received peripherally administered parenteral nutrition for periods of three or more weeks, were randomly assigned to groups receiving different amounts of zinc and copper supplement. The blood concentrations of zinc, copper, retinol-binding protein, prealbumin, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase were followed weekly. Mean serum zinc, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin declined significantly over time while alkaline phosphatase rose. Only the group receiving the highest zinc supplement maintained a mean serum zinc concentration within the normal range at seven weeks. No difference in the protein or enzyme concentrations was found between the different zinc supplement groups. No difference was seen in serum copper or ceruloplasmin between copper dose groups although one intravenous supplement was double that of the other.
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PMID:Serial changes in selected serum constituents in low birth weight infants on peripheral parenteral nutrition with different zinc and copper supplements. 392 51

The effects of diseases of the liver, the thyroid, and the kidneys on the retinol-binding protein (RBP)-prealbumin (PA) system responsible for the transport of vitamin A in plasma were examined, using a radial gel diffusion immunoassay for PA and the previously described radioimmunoassay for RBP. Measurements were made on plasma samples from 118 normal subjects, 31 patients with cirrhosis, 5 with chronic active hepatitis, 27 with acute viral hepatitis, 14 patients with hyperthyroidism, 7 with hypothyroidism, and 26 patients with chronic renal disease of varying etiologies. In the patients with liver disease, the levels of vitamin A, RBP, and PA were all markedly decreased and were highly significantly correlated over a wide range of concentrations. Serial samples were available in 19 patients with acute hepatitis; as the disease improved the plasma concentrations of vitamin A, RBP, and PA all increased. In patients with acute hepatitis RBP concentrations correlated negatively with the levels of plasma bilirubin, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. In the hyperthyroid patients both RBP and PA concentrations were significantly lower than normal; in hypothyroidism, neither protein showed levels significantly different from normal. In both hyper- and hypothyroidism and in liver disease, the molar ratios of RBP:PA and of RBP:vitamin A were not significantly different from normal.Patients with chronic renal disease had marked abnormalities in the plasma concentrations of RBP and vitamin A and in the molar ratios examined. In renal disease the levels of both RBP and vitamin A were greatly elevated, while the PA levels remained normal. The molar ratios of RBP:PA and of RBP:vitamin A were both markedly elevated. In many patients RBP was present in molar excess as compared with PA. The presence of a relatively large proportion of free RBP, not complexed to PA, in some patients with chronic renal disease was confirmed by gel filtration. The free RBP, present in molar excess, was capable of forming a complex with additional purified PA added to the plasma. The kidneys appear to play an important role in the normal metabolism of RBP.
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PMID:The effects of diseases of the liver, thyroid, and kidneys on the transport of vitamin A in human plasma. 509 25

Liver damage in a woman who had taken an overdose of paracetamol and dextropropoxyphene was assessed by monitoring serum prealbumin concentrations and by routine plasma enzyme determinations. The plasma aspartate aminotransferase returned to normal levels after 3 days, alkaline phosphatase was slow to show increases in activity, and serum albumin concentration was in the normal range throughout. Prothrombin-time, although initially very high, returned almost to normal as a result of the administration of plasma. In contrast, serum prealbumin concentration decreased significantly after 36 h and continued to decrease, showing the course of failing liver function, until the patient's death 15 days after presentation. Prealbumin, a functional plasma protein synthesised in the liver, has a short half-life, is a true index of liver function, and seems to be a more reliable indicator of liver function in drug overdose than plasma enzymes, prothrombin-time, or plasma drug concentration.
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PMID:Prealbumin as an index of liver function after acute paracetamol poisoning. 610 95

Of 33 components analyzed in overnight fasting serum from 30 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and bleeding esophageal varices, total serum bile acids, gamma-glutamyltransferase, prealbumin, and tyrosine were the most frequently abnormal 'liver tests'. Total serum bile acids correlated significantly with bilirubin, immunoglobulin M, threonine, glycine, methionine, and tyrosine. Gamma-glutamyltransferase correlated with aspartate aminotransferase, glutamine, and alanine. Prealbumin correlated with albumin and immunoglobulins G and A. Tyrosine correlated with total bile acids, orosomucoid, and 10 amino acids. The amino acid ratio of valine + isoleucine + leucine to tyrosine + phenylalanine was lowered in all patients. It is concluded that the clinical picture and pattern of serum components in patients with alcoholic liver disease are influenced by many complex pathophysiological mechanisms.
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PMID:Total serum bile acids, gamma-glutamyl transferase, prealbumin, and tyrosine: sensitive serum markers of hepatic dysfunction in alcoholic liver cirrhosis. 614 23

A training program was started in nine patients with chronic active hepatitis in clinical remission while receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The patients were examined before and after a training period of 4-5 weeks and 10-12 weeks, respectively. The calculated oxygen consumption increased by 19% and 29%, and the estimated work load capacity improved. No change occurred in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatases, gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase, serum bilirubin, or prealbumin, whereas creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase increased significantly. The clinical condition did not worsen in any patient, and most of the patients felt that their physical performance capacity had improved. We conclude that long-term regular physical training is well tolerated by patients with chronic active hepatitis in clinical remission and that training leads to improvement in the oxygen consumption and the estimated work load capacity in such patients.
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PMID:Improvement of physical capacity after long-term training in patients with chronic active hepatitis. 667 79

A group of 291 children aged 3 weeks to 6 1/2 years was examined at a public maternal and child health center and 260 of them - who were considered to be healthy - were included in the present study. By venipuncture, serum was obtained for the analysis of 6 enzymes, and plasma for the estimation of 9 proteins and for lipid analyses. In different age groups, high levels were found for alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase and gamma-glutamyl transferase. Haptoglobin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, prealbumin and transferrin were present at low concentrations during the first months of life. Transferrin rose later in childhood to above adult levels. Only immunoglobulin M showed a sex difference, with higher values for girls. Breast-fed infants had higher (non-fasting) concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides than formula-fed babies, and they also had higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase.
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PMID:The levels of serum enzymes, plasma proteins and lipids in normal infants and small children. 731 Mar 26

Study of newborn infants established that the total content of soluble proteins in the abomasum and intestine mucosa does not vary significantly. In the composition of the small intestine mucosa proteins the content of prealbumin and albumin increases. The aspartate aminotransferase activity of the studied tissues becomes more intensive with the calves age.
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PMID:[Protein spectrum and aminotransferase activity in the abomasum and small intestine mucosa of newborn calves]. 732 99

The serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM and IgA) concentrations of 44 mercury-exposed workers were examined and compared with those of non-exposed, age- and sex-matched individuals. At the time of testing, the exposed population had a mean (+/- S.D.) mercury urinary concentration of 24.7 +/- 19.1 and in 40 of them urinary mercury levels were below the currently accepted limit of 50 micrograms/g creatinine. Increased IgG, IgA and IgM levels were found in the mercury-exposed individuals and in 16, a second evaluation was performed six months later. During the intervening six months, the level of hygiene was improved throughout the plant, and urinary mercury concentrations were determined monthly in each worker. Despite a significant reduction in mercury urinary concentrations, serum immunoglobulin levels did not return to the normal range. There was no correlation between the length or level of exposure and the immunoglobulin levels. Liver protein synthesis, as studied by factor V, prothrombin time, prealbumin and transaminase activity, was normal and liver injury, as evaluated by serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities (AST and ALT, respectively), was not observed. No haematological abnormalities were noted. These results indicate that "safe" levels of mercury exposure may lead to humoral immunological stimulation.
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PMID:Immunoglobulin levels in workers exposed to inorganic mercury. 819 Jul 5


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