Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have previously shown the safety and efficacy of University of Wisconsin solution for hypothermic preservation of the human donor heart in a pilot group of 16 transplant recipients. The present study is a randomized clinical trial comparing University of Wisconsin solution to conventional preservation using crystalloid cardioplegia and saline storage within a 4-hour limit of ischemia. Heart transplant recipients (n = 42) were randomized into two groups: those receiving hearts preserved by University of Wisconsin solution, the UWS group (n = 22), and those receiving hearts preserved in the conventional manner, the CCS group (n = 20). Recipient age, gender, heart disease, and preoperative inotropic support and donor age, gender, and mean ischemic time in hours (UWS 2 hours 36 minutes, range 1 hour 36 minutes to 2 hours 53 minutes; CCS 2 hours 20 minutes, range 1 hour 20 minutes to 2 hours 44 minutes; p = not significant) were similar. Significant differences observed between the two groups included (1) mean time (minutes) from reperfusion to achieve a stable rhythm, (2) need for intraoperative defibrillations, (3) need for transient cardiac pacing, and (4) integrated postoperative creatinine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase release over 48 hours. There was no difference in postoperative electrocardiogram, endomyocardial biopsy, or hemodynamics. One UWS patient died of sepsis and another of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. UWS is safe for donor organ arrest and preservation despite high viscosity and potassium concentration. When compared with CCS hearts, hearts preserved in UWS regained electrical activity more rapidly and had better myocardial protection as demonstrated by enzymatic analysis. Further investigation is required to determine the effects of UWS preservation on long-term survival, to determine the prevalence of rejection and graft atherosclerosis, and to test the ability of UWS to extend donor ischemic time in human cardiac transplantation.
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PMID:University of Wisconsin solution versus crystalloid cardioplegia for human donor heart preservation. A randomized blinded prospective clinical trial. 173 83

In 1983 and 1984 blood was collected from 79 cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) confined to an outdoor enclosure in southern Illinois to establish reference values for hematology and serum chemistry. Packed cell volume, sodium, potassium, chloride, glucose, calcium, carbon dioxide, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, albumin, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, total protein, albumin/globulin ratio, and osmolality were measured. Sex and age (adult versus juvenile) of rabbit as well as season (June to September versus October to May) and method of capture (trap versus shot) variously affected most hematology and serum chemistry variables.
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PMID:Hematology and serum chemistry of cottontail rabbits of southern Illinois. 175 30

Effects of administration of triflupromazine were evaluated in 11 adult domesticated camels (Camelus dromedarius) weighing 403 +/- 29.5 kg (Mean +/- SE). Six camels were used to evaluate sedative properties of the drug and its effects on haematological and blood biochemical parameters. In the remaining 5 camels, effects on haemodynamics, acid base status and blood gases were studied. In all the animals triflupromazine was administered intramuscularly in the gluteal region at the rate of 2 mg/kg. Camels voluntarily sat down 48.9 +/- 5.4 min after administration of the drug but stood up again if disturbed. Drowsiness, drooping of lower lip and salivation were evident. The animals stood on their own and started walking with ataxia after 159 +/- 7 min and recovered completely from the effect of drug within 259 +/- 23 min. The drug caused a significant tachycardia and a moderate hypotension. The decrease in central venous pressure was also significant. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate, acid base status, blood gases, haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, differential leukocyte count, blood urea nitrogen, plasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, blood glucose and plasma concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride and inorganic phosphate were not significantly affected by triflupromazine.
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PMID:Evaluation of triflupromazine as a sedative in camels (Camelus dromedarius). 177 79

Several clinical chemical blood variables were compared, in order to evaluate the differences between Na heparinized plasma and serum samples. Samples from 45 healthy horses were used. No differences between the two sample substrates were found for aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase-isoenzymes, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, cholesterol, urea, total protein, alpha-globulin, gamma-globulin, albumin, calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), sodium (Na) and potassium (K). gamma-Glutamyltransferase and beta-globulin were significantly higher in heparinized plasma than in serum (each p less than 0.05) while magnesium (Mg) was lower (p less than 0.05). From the horse group used for the study, thoroughbreds in racing condition had significantly higher aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, P and Mg as well as lower Ca and K values than riding horses, irrespective of the sample substrate used. It was concluded that expect for gamma-glutamyltransferase, beta-globulin and Mg, there was no significant difference between the clinical chemical variables of Na heparinized plasma and serum samples.
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PMID:Comparison of clinical chemical variables in blood plasma and serum of horses. 179 11

1. Plasma calcium, magnesium, inorganic phosphorus, sodium and potassium concentrations, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase activities were determined in young and adult non-pregnant non-lactating, early and late non-lactating pregnant and early, mid- and late non-pregnant lactating Danish landrace goats in five herds. The purpose was to determine the influence of pregnancy and lactation on the levels of these parameters and the effect of age and parity on the changes. 2. Calcium, phosphorus, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase decreased in late gestation. Magnesium and creatine kinase decreased in early lactating goats but increased in subsequent lactation periods. Sodium and potassium fluctuated little during pregnancy and lactation. Calcium, magnesium and potassium profiles were inversely, while phosphorus was directly, proportional to parity. 3. There were significant differences in most ions and enzymes between goats of different herds (within the same physiological state). 4. The transferases and creatine kinase were higher in young goats than in old ones, while alkaline phosphatase was unpredictably high or low in individual goats. 5. Alterations in the level of plasma electrolytes and enzyme activities occur due to pregnancy and lactation and the degree depends on age and parity, influenced also by environment.
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PMID:Influence of pregnancy, lactation and environment on some clinical chemical reference values in Danish landrace dairy goats (Capra hircus) of different parity--I. Electrolytes and enzymes. 179 83

Since the occurrence of rhabdomyolysis may elevate the serum concentration of potassium, hypokalemia as a cause of rhabdomyolysis often goes unrecognized in many instances. We undertook this study to evaluate the occurrence and determinants of rhabdomyolysis in the hypokalemic state. To identify patients with a hypokalemic state, we reviewed medical admissions for the period January 1988 through December 1989. A total of 120 patients (42 men and 78 women) were included in the present study. Thirty-eight hypokalemic patients showed biochemical evidence of rhabdomyolysis (serum creatine phosphokinase greater than 244 IU/l). The clinical and biochemical characteristics of the patients with rhabdomyolysis (group I) and the hypokalemic patients without rhabdomyolysis (82 patients, group II) were compared. There was no difference in age, sex and race of the patients of group I vs. group II. The mean serum values for potassium, bicarbonate, chloride, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase and uric acid were also not different between the two groups. The mean serum osmolality was higher (p less than 0.001) in patients with rhabdomyolysis (297.6 +/- 4.3 mosm/kg) than in those without rhabdomyolysis (283.5 +/- 5.0 mosm/kg). The levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase were elevated (p less than 0.001) in group-I patients (69.6 +/- 8.4 IU/l) but not in group-II patients (36.7 +/- 3.5 IU/l). The concentrations of serum creatinine were also higher (p less than 0.05) in patients with rhabdomyolysis (1.4 +/- 0.2 mg/dl) than in those without rhabdomyolysis (1.0 +/- 0.1 mg/dl). The mean values for serum sodium were higher (p less than 0.02) in group-I patients when compared to group-II patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Hypokalemia and rhabdomyolysis. 181 66

62 specimens of cystic fluid drawn back by ultrasound guided needle-aspiration in 37 males and 25 females were evaluated biochemical analysis including magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, chloride, uric acid, total protein, sugar, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, total cholesterol, AST, ALT, ALP, ACP, PAP, alpha-amilasys. In our study Cl, Na and sugar showed similar concentrations in the two fluids. Uric acid, and urea were more concentrated in the cystic fluid while Mg, Ca and total protein were more pronounced in the blood. The results obtained seem to indicate that simple renal cyst could originate from glomerular proximal tubulus part of the nephron as consequence of an obstructive cause.
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PMID:[Simple renal cysts, biochemical analysis of the cystic fluid, and comparison with blood parameters]. 183 Apr 3

In the period of January 1978 to October 1988, 32 Le Veen shunts (LVS) were implanted in 20 patients, out of which 16 were alcoholic cirrhotics and 4 postnecrotic cirrhotics. In the present study, we correlated preoperative laboratory data of these patients with their postoperative evolution, comparing the clinical results of patients who survived more than 30 days (13 patients = 65%) with the results of those who died within the same period (7 patients = 35%). For that matter, 14 laboratory tests were performed in order to measure the serum levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, bilirubin, albumin, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, fibrinogen, gamma GT and prothrombin activity. After statistical analysis, we observed that 6 of the 14 tests performed could be considered of prognostic value in the following decreasing order of importance: fibrinogen, alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin activity, urea, gamma GT and bilirubin. We observed that all the 7 patients who died prematurely presented 3 or more of these levels altered, when compared with standard values. Based on these data, we concluded that serum levels of fibrinogen, alkaline phosphatase, urea, gamma GT, bilirubin and activity of prothrombin proved to be important factors in determining the prognosis of immediate survival in cirrhotic patients who underwent LVS implantation. We also concluded that when 3 or more of these factors are altered, the implant of LVS is contraindicated, whatever clinical criteria for indication and contraindication were taken into account.
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PMID:Prognostic value of preoperative tests in the surgical treatment of ascites with the implant of Le Veen shunts in cirrhotics. 184 48

Plasma components of 6 to 12-month-old beagles were examined using a Technicon auto-analyzer. Age-related changes were noted for 8 of the 21 components: the levels of total protein (T. Pro) and iron (Fe) gradually increased while those of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and inorganic phosphorus (Pi) persistently decreased in both sexes. Triglyceride (Trigly) in female dogs, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and urea nitrogen (Urea-N) in male dogs tended to increase. The following thirteen components showed no significant variation during the period of observation: glucose (Glu), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin (Alb), creatinine (Crea), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), total bilirubin (T. Bil), amylase (Amy), total cholesterol (T. Chol), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl) and calcium (Ca). Our results generally agree with the reported findings on beagles from various institutions.
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PMID:Plasma biochemistry values of young beagle dogs. 188 72

To study the potential of multivariate classification methods in order to obtain more insight into abnormal laboratory data from patients with sickle cell disease, we investigated standard haematological and clinical chemical variables of 18 controls and 37 apparently healthy persons with heterozygous sickle cell disease (Hb AS), all women, using both univariate and multivariate classification methods. In the univariate method, those with Hb AS showed decreased serum log aspartate aminotransferase (log AST) activity, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and increased sodium concentration. The multivariate method identified sodium, potassium, urea, uric acid, log AST, alanine aminotransferase and MCH as the variables that produced maximal separation between persons with Hb As and controls. It increased the 'non-error rate' for classification of persons with Hb AS by 16.4% compared with classification based on the variable, MCH, that produced maximal separation by the univariate method. The frequency distribution of percentage Hb S in the Hb AS group proved bimodal with maximal separation at 37.0% Hb S. The subgroup with 37.0% or less (n = 16) was considered to have concomitant heterozygous alpha-thalassaemia-2. In the univariate method the subgroup characterized by greater than 37.0% Hb S (n = 21) had increased serum sodium and uric acid concentrations, perhaps related to sickle cell nephropathy, whereas the subgroup with less than or equal to 37% Hb S did not. The multivariate method added information to the univariate method by additionally identifying abnormalities in serum potassium and urea concentrations in the former subgroup.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Potential of descriptive linear discriminant analysis for studying clinical chemical and haematological data from persons with heterozygous sickle cell disease. 189 49


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