Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.6.1.1 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 21,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The significance of changes in lymph flow for the extracellular distribution and transport of cellular enzymes and for the level of enzyme activities in plasma was investigated. Specimens of thoracic duct lymph were obtained from an extracorporal lymph shunt in anaesthetized, conscious resting and treadmill exercising dogs (6 km X h-1 for 1 h) The activity of 10 enzymes and of protein content in lymph and plasma were studied, as well as lymph flow, lymphatic transport, and the lymph-plasma ratio of these compounds. Lactate, pH, and blood gases were monitored in venous blood. Lymph flow of 0.80 ml X min-1 in anaesthetized dogs more than doubled (to 1.86 ml X min-1) when the animals were conscious and resting. In anaesthetized dogs lymph enzyme activity was higher only for enzymes of predominately hepatic origin, such as choline esterase (CHE) and alanine aminoferase (ALAT), and was lower for aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and aldolase (ALD). In conscious dogs, due to activation of the skeletal muscle "tissue pump", lymphatic transport of enzymes with rather high activity in skeletal muscle, and of protein, is significantly enhanced. Enzyme activities in plasma, however, did not differ between the groups. Lymph-plasma activity ratios higher than one were found for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), ASAT, creatine kinase (CK), ALD, and phosphohexose isomerase (PHI). Exercise stimulated lymph flow up to 4.9 ml X min-1, and increased the lymphatic activities of those enzymes with a lymph-plasma ratio higher than unity, these enzymes increasing in the plasma due to the highly increased lymphatic transport.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Enzyme activities in thoracic duct lymph and plasma of anaesthetized, conscious resting and exercising dogs. 642 59

Twenty Thoroughbred 3 year old horses (10 stallions and 10 mares), trained and raced at the Warsaw Race-Course were studied from March through November. Blood was taken approximately every 8 weeks to determine the activities of aspartate and alanine transaminases, acid and alkaline phosphatases and aldolase. It was observed that the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase reached their maxima in July and alanine transaminase in May. The activities of acid phosphatase and aldolase showed their minima in July. Comparing these data with the literature it was noted that the changes observed are mainly seasonally-dependent; but, training had some influence on the activity of the enzymes involved in energy metabolism.
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PMID:Seasonal enzyme activity changes in two aminotransferases AspAT and AlAT, acid and alkaline phosphatases and aldolase in the serum of Thoroughbred horses during a racing season. 653 19

We measured certain enzyme activities (aldolase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase) and inflammation markers (alpha 1-antitrypsin, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and leukocytes) each day for four days in plasma of patients with severe head injury. The univariate prognostic efficiency of each biochemical parameter was assessed 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after trauma. By stepwise multivariate analysis applied every day, we found that (a) four variables, two enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase) and two inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and leukocytes), sufficed to reliably predict the patient's outcome and (b) data recorded at 72 h best discriminated between survivors and nonsurvivors. A risk index based on the four selected variables and validated on a large control sample allowed the correct allocation of, respectively, 90% of survivors and 88% of nonsurvivors at 72 h. We discuss why results obtained at 72 h are more predictive than those obtained at any other of the times considered.
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PMID:Prognostic value of combined data on enzymes and inflammation markers in plasma in cases of severe head injury. 660 20

Immature, postpubertal, young adult, and middle-aged rats were lightly restrained for 4 h. Relative to untreated controls, restraint uniformly reduced body weight and plasma luteinizing hormone concentration and elevated plasma corticosterone concentration in all age groups. However, restraint increased activities of plasma alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, and fructose-diphosphate aldolase in only immature and middle-aged animals. This age-related release of tissue enzymes is hypothesized to reflect enhanced responsiveness to catecholamines in immature rats, and possible ischemia related to diminished vasodilatory activity in middle-aged rats. On the basis of these changes, tolerance to restraint in postpubertal and young adults appears to be slightly greater than that of immature and middle-aged rats.
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PMID:Age-related responses to mild restraint in the rat. 664 80

Variations of four enzymatic activities (aldolase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase) were followed in human plasma for four days after head injury. Univariate analysis showed that each plasma enzyme activity significantly differed as early as 72 h after head injury according to the clinical evolution (survival or death). Multivariate analysis performed with these four tests allowed us to correctly divide, in terms of survival or death, 75 to 91% of unselected patients (n = 280). Combining these four tests increased discriminant power in severe head injury. Most of the patients who were misclassified according to their biochemical data received phenobarbital for treatment. Valuable prognostic information may thus be obtained by daily determinations of four enzymatic activities.
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PMID:[Plasma variations in severe head injuries: prognosis and post-traumatic surveillance. I. Enzymes]. 666 99

Studies on the influence of long-lasting hyperthyroidism on enzyme activities and total protein level in the blood plasma of adult Leghorn hens showed that: 1. Protein level during whole experimental period showed inconsiderable variability irrespective of T4 dose. 2. Activity of aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) increased. Changes were dependent on T4 dosage level. 3. T4 had no effect on activity of aldolase.
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PMID:The effect of repeated administration of L-thyroxine on the activity of certain enzymes in the blood plasma of hens. 668 47

The aim of this study was to analyse the plasma variations of four enzymatic activities (lactate dehydrogenase, aldolase, creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase) in 134 patients suffering from severe head injury. Enzymatic activities were assayed daily for 3 days after the trauma. Means of the four enzymatic activities were significantly different according to their evolution (death or survival), except for creatine kinase, 48 h after the trauma. Multivariate analysis indicated that lactate dehydrogenase and aldolase levels were useful in order to discriminate between potential survivors and non-survivors. The value of multivariate analysis in head traumatology is discussed.
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PMID:Modifications of plasma enzyme activities after severe head injury; evaluation of prognosis using multivariate methods. 683 90

We followed the changes in the activities of four enzymes (aldolase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase) in plasma for four days after head injury. The progression of the changes differs significantly between survivors and nonsurvivors. Stepwise discriminant analysis, involving the four enzymes, allowed us to divide 81 to 92% of head-injured patients (n = 280 selected without conscious bias) correctly into the two groups as early as 72 h after trauma. Most of the patients who were misclassified according to our biochemical criteria had received phenobarbital for sedation. Valuable prognostic information in head injury evaluation may thus be obtained by daily determination of enzymatic activities of these four enzymes.
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PMID:Multivariate analysis of plasma enzyme profiles in severe head injury. 684 44

The sequence of inactivation of five bovine erythrocyte enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and aldolase) was compared during in vivo aging of the red blood cell and during treatment of the cells with heat, gamma-radiation and an enzymatic source of the superoxide radical anion. Amounts of oxygen free radicals comparable to those formed physiologically in the cells were able to induce considerable inactivation of some enzymes; in no case was the physiological sequence of inactivation reproduced. These results seem to argue for a multifactorial inactivation of red cell enzymes during intravascular aging of the erythrocyte.
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PMID:Aging of the erythrocyte. VII. On the possible causes of inactivation of red cell enzymes. 689 33

The activity of serum enzymes, such as, creatine kinase (CK), pyruvate kinase (PK), aldolase (ALD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SbDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glutamate-aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutamate-alanine aminotransferase (ALT), myokinase (MK), glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI), alkaline phosphatase (AlkP), pseudocholinesterase (PsCHE) isocitrate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP), was determined in 256 patients with progressing myodystrophy (PMD) (Duchenne's form in 125, Becker's form in 14, pelvicohumeral form in 36, humeroscapulofacial form in 19, ocular form in 10, other rare forms in 34, and nonidentified forms in 13 patients). In the control group (64 men, 56 women and 50 children), the activity of the enzymes was found to depend on the patients' sex and age. With regard to both parameters, i. e. the degree of the enzyme activity rise and the frequency of the pathological values the most informative were CK, then PK and ALD, and then all the other enzymes. Of all the PMD forms the enzymatic activity appeared to be the highest in patients with the pseudohypertrophic malignant form. By determining the activity of five enzymes (CK, ALD, LDH, AST and ALT) and taking into consideration the patient's age, the onset and the duration of the disease one can distinguish between sick and healthy subjects, as well as between various forms of PMD.
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PMID:[Serum enzyme dynamics in progressive muscular dystrophies]. 703 17


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